共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
我国土地行政过程中的政府责任分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年来,大量的土地违法违规现象表明政府在土地行政过程中还存在失责现象。究其成因主要是政府的土地行政责任体系不健全。要解决现阶段我国政府土地行政失责问题,就必须按照从明确责任到评价责任再到追究责任的路径来构建土地行政责任体系。其内容包括法律责任、行政责任、政治责任、道德责任和生态责任等。同时,还应注重社会监督约束和道德伦理约束,以保证土地行政责任体系的顺利构建和执行。 相似文献
2.
The international standard for land administration, LADM, ISO 19152, has been the subject of numerous research activities during the last one and a half decade, with topics ranging from technical implementation issues and the registration of real property to legal and organisational aspects. However, some areas have been more researched than others.The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the research as evidenced by research publications 2001–2015 to discuss the distribution of interest areas within LADM research.In total 184 publications on LADM have been analysed in the study. The result shows that technical and real property registration issues have been in focus throughout the surveyed period, whereas there has been less focus on research on legal and organisational matters. There has, however, in recent years been an slight increase in legal research, whereas research on organisational matters, such as efficiency and how to organise and manage interests in land and the benefits and costs for implementing the standard, still is lacking in comparison with the other investigated fields of research, and should be an important area to research now during the implementation phase of LADM. 相似文献
3.
In less-developed countries, the major global pressures of rapid urbanization and climate change are resulting in increased vulnerability for urban dwellers. Much of the climate impact is concentrated in urban and coastal areas, as urban development spreads into areas that are hazard-prone. Often this development is dominated by poor quality homes in informal settlements or slums on informal or illegally occupied or subdivided land.Urban development needs to be more climate-resilient to meet the post millennium development goals (MDGs) agenda. One of the elements in achieving climate-resilient urban development is the degree to which climate change adaptation and risk management are mainstreamed into two major elements of land governance, viz. securing and safeguarding of land rights, and planning and control of land-use.This paper proposes ways in which the growth of human settlements can be better managed through responsible governance of land tenure rights, and effective land-use planning to reduce vulnerability, provide adequate access to safe land and shelter, and improve environmental sustainability. 相似文献
4.
Managing land information effectively is a key factor in achieving successful land administration and sustainable land development. To manage land, each government has a land policy and administration system. A land administration system (LAS) enables identification, registration and sharing of information about land in compliance with land policies by using information technologies effectively. In this context, land information systems (LISs) are designed to fulfill the requirements related to land, to provide tenure assurance and to manage natural resources sustainably. In Turkey, the necessity of information technologies and geographic information systems (GIS) was recognised by public institutions in the early 1990s. The Land Registry and Cadastre Information System Project (TAKBIS in Turkish) started to manage land registry and cadastre data and processes throughout Turkey. By using a standard framework, the project aimed to digitise land registry and cadastre data and to perform all activities and queries in a digital environment. However, the project did not reach the expected level of success because the data infrastructure was not standardised and did not meet the data requirements of other stakeholders at the national and international level.On the other hand, studies of a new e-government project called Turkish National GIS (TUCBS in Turkish) was initiated to establish a national geographic data infrastructure (GDI) which allows efficient management of geographic data and corresponds to national-level user requirements and Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) specifications. In this study, to provide data interoperability among different institutions and meet stakeholder needs, the data model of the Land Registry and Cadastre Data Theme is examined and improved. Within the design process, the ISO 19152 Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) and INSPIRE Cadastral Parcels are examined and applied as the baseline international standards. In addition, main land and land group parcel types in the Turkish cadastral system, the main rights, restrictions and responsibilities related to land in the Turkish registration system, mortgages established over rights, cadastral maps, standard subdivision of two-dimensional (2D) space with special names, surveyed point and monumentation types were explained briefly within the revised land registry and cadastre data model. As a case study, data sets from different sources were transformed to open data sets compatible with the model. This model enables data interoperability in land-related applications. However, models should be kept as simple as possible for effective data transformation and management. 相似文献
5.
6.
LADM design requires the association of external land use/cover information with cadastral land parcels. In addition to model design, related specifications are to be defined in the implementation. Yet, there are many severe obstacles against defining such specifications that are applicable to all cases. In this context, there are many different types of land use/cover classification systems for different purposes in different data quality, scale and content, which are either designed internationally or nationally. FAO Land Cover Classification System (LCCS), CORINE land cover, INSPIRE land use/cover themes, land use capability classification and Land Parcel Identification System (LPIS) are common international examples.In this study, management of spatial land use/cover data in association with cadastral land parcels represented by LADM was studied in a pilot study area in Turkey. In this context, association of spatial information as sub-divisions of land parcels (sub-parcels) was studied. Different land use/cover data sets (four types) were specifically produced for this study with an LPIS like digitization method. For the association, special overlay operations with and without predefined XY tolerances were carried out. Effects of similar yet different data sets, spatial data consistency between the produced sub-parcel data sets and land parcels, and also errors were analyzed based on the results. It is found (1) that the level of detail (base production scale) of external land use/cover data set increases spatial association errors, (2) that using XY tolerances to reduce these errors causes data inconsistency and (3) that direct spatial harmonization of two data set may be a robust solution when it is possible. In this context, in order to contribute to the implementation of LADM in terms of spatial association of land parcels and external land use/cover data, together with these data processing and analysis work, LADM modelling abstraction, availability and data quality issues of external land use/cover data, updating and maintenance issues were also discussed. 相似文献
7.
完善建设用地管理制度的几点建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着国民经济和社会的进一步发展,面对经济结构调整和国土资源管理新形势的需要,一些用地管理制度也应跟随形势变化进行补充和完善。为实现土地集约、节约、高效利用,加强国土资源管理工作,应加强用地效益评价工作,进一步完善工业用地出让制度,建立土地资产金融管理制度体系,将矿政管理和地政管理相结合。 相似文献
8.
袭燕燕 《中国国土资源经济》2000,13(3):28-31
本文对国外矿政、地政监督体制进行了概述,并与我国目前的国土资源监督体制做了对比分析,由此提出改革目前我国国土资源监督体制的几点浅见. 相似文献
9.
国外农用地保护对北京市耕地保护的启示 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
研究目的:借鉴国外农用地保护先进经验,总结国内农地保护发展特点和趋势,为北京市耕地保护政策的制定和实施提供参考.研究方法:文献综述法和综合分析法.研究结论:当前农地保护已趋于"多目标",因此,应重新审视耕地价值,构建北京市以"保持粮食生产能力为基础的、发挥耕地生态价值"的耕地保护目标;充分考虑耕地质量、区位、环境功能差异,严格保护不能转用的特殊耕地资源;注重耕地保护与利用、利益协调问题,提高社会参与度,建立系统的耕地保护体系,综合运用多种手段保护耕地. 相似文献
10.
研究目的:探讨国土资源参与宏观调控情况下,如何建立一种低成本、高效率、信息准确、资料更新及时的土地管理新机制。研究方法:实证法,比较研究法,逻辑分析法。研究结果:为保护和合理利用有限的土地资源,应该将土地管理工作重点转移到城市(镇)规划管理区,建立一套以城市(镇)规划管理区为重点的耕地保护工作机制。在这种新工作机制下,几项重大土地管理工作,如新一轮土地利用大调查、土地统计制度、建设用地审批制度等,在工作思路和工作方法方面需要作出相应的调整。 相似文献
11.
研究目的:总结2015年国内外土地科学研究的重点进展,展望2016年中国土地科学的发展趋势以及《中国土地科学》重点关注方向。研究方法:文献调研法。研究结果:(1)2015年国内外土地科学研究共同关注土地市场与土地制度、土地管理、土地权属、土地政策与法律、土地资源保护、土地生态保护、土地利用/覆被变化,以及现代测量技术、土地信息技术和土地整治工程等方面的重点进展研究。(2)2015年国内外土地科学研究侧重点有所不同,国内研究更多关注土地市场结构、土地财政与税收、自然资源资产管理、用途管制、土地督察、规划体制改革、现代测量技术等方面问题;国外研究则侧重在土地产权边界、土地制度演化、土地利用冲突、土地管理方式及机构设置、土地利用规划政策属性与规划原则、土地测量方法优化与对比、土地信息获取技术优化等。研究结论:2015年土地科学问题研究在实践推动下,研究面有所拓宽,学科体系研究得到加强,2016年《中国土地科学》将重点关注土地科学学科体系与基础理论、土地经济关系与市场机制、土地制度改革与管理体制、土地政策体系与法律制度、国土空间规划与生态保护、土地工程与技术创新等方面的研究。 相似文献
12.
建立开放、竞争、城乡统一而有序的土地市场 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究目的:为建立开放、竞争、城乡统一而有序的土地市场构建政策框架。研究方法:系统分析法,政策分析法。研究结果:(1)转变政府职能,由市场取代政府成为土地资源的基本配置者;(2)进一步完善土地产权制度,明晰和平等保护集体土地产权;(3)允许集体土地进入建设用地市场,建立开放、竞争、城乡统一而有序的土地市场;(4)改革土地征收制度,缩小征地范围,给被征地者公平补偿,执行合意、公开的征地程序。研究结论:建立开放、竞争、城乡统一而有序的土地市场是推进土地资源配置方式和土地利用方式根本转变的重大战略举措。 相似文献
13.
股份合作是获取矿业用地的基本途径 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究目的:求证获取矿业用地的基本途径。研究方法:规范研究与实证研究相结合,逻辑归纳法。研究结果:矿业用地制度缺失。学者们提出了获取矿业用地的许多途径,但都不适合保护土地权人的利益。征收土地后出让取得,缺乏启动征收的前提;按照国外经验承租获地,有损于弱势的土地权人;清朝末期矿业用地的\"股份合作\"是应当继承的基本途径。研究结论:十七届三中全会的政策创新为股份合作开辟了道路,股份合作的综合性收益是制度变迁的动力。 相似文献
14.
中国土地利用分区研究综述 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究目的:阐述国内土地利用分区研究现状与问题,提出改进建议。研究方法:文献资料法,对比法。研究结果:从理论和方法两方面总结了自20世纪60年代以来中国土地利用分区的研究历程:(1)分区依据从自然因素到社会经济因素再到生态环境因素,由单一走向综合;(2)主要从行政区划和自然地理单元两种尺度空间开展土地利用分区研究;(3)分区方法经历了由定性为主,到定性与定量相结合,再过渡到\"3S\"技术大量应用为主三个阶段;(4)存在土地利用分区理论研究有待深化,面对土地管理的土地利用分区方法有待统一规范,土地利用分区技术手段需要更新等问题。研究结论:建议结合试点,在中国开展土地利用主体功能分区的理论与方法研究,完善土地利用分区制度体系。 相似文献
15.
土地登记分类技术方法探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究目的:探讨科学制定土地登记分类技术方法,为建立完善的土地登记制度提供技术支持.研究方法:资料比较分析法.研究结果:现行土地登记分类技术方法存在欠科学、不严谨等问题,需从构建土地登记分类技术体系入手,制定土地登记分类技术方法标准.研究结论:提出了土地登记分类技术方法依法、统一、适用、超前的原则,将全部、相互关联的土地登记要素进行合理组合与排列,建立结构合理、层次分明、衔接紧密并具有一定广度和深度的土地登记分类技术方法体系. 相似文献
16.
自主参与式农地休养政策:模式和启示 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究目的:梳理自主参与式农地休养政策进展,为中国开展“耕地休养”提供政策启示。研究方法:文献综述法。研究结果:农户自主选择是否参与农地休养项目的实施机制能够一定程度上弥补传统强制实施模式下农户抵触、成本过高等不足;自主参与式农地休养政策的具体实施模式是多元的,各具不同特点;这种实施方式下可能会出现一些新的问题,但可以采取措施加以应对。研究结论:自主参与式农地休养政策的实施方式充分体现了对农户意愿和产权的尊重,具有重要借鉴意义。 相似文献
17.
研究目的:基于现行土地产权体系和农地保护政策体系,分析农地发展权的内涵、归属,确定农地发展权的设定方案并探讨其在农地保护中的应用。研究方法:理论分析法与实证分析法。研究结论:当前,在中国引入农地发展权解决土地利用问题的呼声越来越高,在中国土地产权体系现状下农地发展权设定方案的提出及其运用,说明了农地发展权可以作为国家对土地管理进行宏观调控的一个弹性手段,将在土地征用、土地储备、土地规划等土地政策的实施中发挥重要的作用。 相似文献
18.
19.
研究目的:针对中国现行临时用地管理中存在的典型问题,探讨促进耕地保护与土地高效综合利用的临时用地规范化管理措施。研究方法:文献综述法,多因素综合分析法。研究结果:在现行政策制度基础上提出了临时用地规范化管理的可操作性程序,并以沪宁城际铁路江苏段临时用地管理为例进行了案例分析。研究结论:为实现切实保护耕地的国家战略,应重点加强临时用地选址、规划审批、工程施工和复垦利用4个方面控制作用,从工程项目申报、立项、建设、验收的全过程加强用地监督管理。 相似文献
20.
研究目的:系统梳理上海市土地市场体系结构,分析上海市各类土地市场在供给侧存在的问题和原因。借鉴其他城市和地区土地市场供给侧改革经验,提出上海市土地市场供给侧改革的政策建议。研究方法:描述分析和政策分析方法。研究结果:上海市土地市场已经发展为实体与指标结合、城市与农村共存的复杂体系,同时存在指标市场发展薄弱,实体市场中城市市场与农村市场分割,一级市场垄断过强,二级市场发育程度低等问题。研究结论:上海市土地市场供给侧改革的方向有政府职能转变、摒弃垄断供给、构建多元土地供给格局、土地供给多元价值取向和差别化精准供地等多个方面。 相似文献