江南地区稻作农业工具文化遗产的类型、价值及其保护利用——兼述南宋楼璹《耕织图》摹本中的稻作农具

江南地区的水田耕作技术系统独具特色,具有重要的历史价值、文化价值、教育价值,但目前此类文化遗产的整理与保护面临诸多问题和困难。研究在系统调查整理此类文化遗产类型和特点的基础上,对其文化遗产的价值进行挖掘,分析其面临的保护利用问题,提出开展"静态"和"活态"双重保护对策,促进其在当代社会中发挥其应有文化资源作用。     

我国茶文化遗址遗迹初考

正我国是茶的起源地,也是世界茶文化的发源地,茶文化遗产是农业文化遗产的重要组成部分。茶叶本身在农业和文化两个层面都具备突出的地位和价值,同时具备农业文化遗产的各项特征价值。无论从农业层面还是文化层面而言,茶叶在世界范围都具有重要价值。茶文化遗产兼具自然遗产、文化遗产及文化景观综合价值,是重要的、较为特殊的农业文化遗产类型。茶文化遗址遗迹蕴含着丰富的经济、社会、生态和科学研究等价值,对茶文化遗址遗迹主要分布区域进行保护与开发利用是一项重要的工作任务。     

大遗址区土地利用管理分析

大遗址区,是指文化遗产中在一定地域集中分布,类型结构复杂多样,遗迹、遗物丰富,历史、文物、科技等价值突出,历史信息蕴含量大,占地面积在1平方千米以上,具有典型的区域特征与综合特性的大型古代文化遗址或遗址群及其背景、环     

陕西省旅游镇分类与特色优势研究

文章在分析旅游镇的概念与梳理国内外旅游镇研究进展的基础上,结合陕西省旅游镇发展现状的普查结果,将陕西省旅游镇划分山水自然景观类、历史遗址与特色聚落类(含建筑)、特色农业类、社会风情类、红色旅游类及现代康体类等6个主类,并对陕西省旅游镇的功能分区与特色优势进行研究,结果显示陕西省不仅旅游镇资源丰富、类型多样,而且资源在功能分区与组合上形成了明显的地域分异(陕北红色旅游镇特色发展区、关中平原休闲农业与社会风情旅游镇特色发展区、关中平原历史遗址与特色聚落旅游镇特色发展区、秦岭自然生态旅游镇特色区、陕南秦巴汉水风情旅游镇特色区、陕南历史遗址与特色聚落旅游镇特色发展区、陕南休闲农业旅游镇特色发展区)。研究结果有利于预测旅游镇发展方向,并对陕西省旅游镇开发、规划及保护提供决策依据,促进旅游镇持续健康发展。     

皖江地区水利文化遗产及其开发

水利文化遗产是皖江地区农业文化遗产的重要成分。为了充分认识和发掘皖江地区水利文化遗产资源,探索其开发和保护方法,对皖江地区圩田景观、水利遗址、水利技术、水利民俗展开了调研。并在此基础上,提出了皖江地区水利文化遗产开发的相关建议:与文化资源保护相结合,与生态旅游发展相结合,与弘扬地方文化相结合。     

大运河文化遗产研究:现状、不足与展望

大运河是中国历史上南北商业、经济交通与文化交流的大动脉,2014年大运河成功入选世界文化遗产名录,成为全人类的精神财富。目前,大运河文化遗产研究已逐步展开,在保护什么与如何保护方面取得一定成果。而研究不足也较为明显,如尚未清晰认知大运河文化带遗产类型、尚未聚焦大运河文化带的双重特性以及只是粗浅罗列、尚未精准梳理大运河文化带的价值维度。在研究展望中,提出把握大运河文化遗产研究的三组张力即传承与重构、下沉与上升以及举国动员与深耕民意之间的关系,为大运河文化遗产开枝散叶、走向全民共享的公共文化空间建言献策。     

新疆坎儿井农业遗产资源保护与旅游开发利用

[目的]分析新疆坎儿井农业文化遗产资源的旅游效用,以期更好地指导当地旅游资源的开发利用工作,达到促进区域休闲农业可持续发展的目的。[方法]文章以新疆坎儿井农业文化遗产资源为例,分析其资源特征、资源保护及开发现状;采用AHP分析法分析坎儿井农业遗产资源旅游效用,基于上述分析并结合农业文化遗产旅游发展的需求,提出优化其农业遗产资源保护及开发的规划、模式及策略。[结果]坎儿井农业文化遗产资源中主体旅游资源坎儿井工程(B_1)、辅助旅游资源农业文化资源(B_2)、客源与市场特征(B_3)和外部因素特征(B_4)的权重分别是0.43、0.22、0.10和0.06。[结论]在比较其生态价值、环保价值、旅游价值的基础上,发现在稳固生态价值与环保价值的同时,挖掘新疆坎儿井的旅游价值是实现农业文化遗产有效保护的最佳途径;主体旅游资源坎儿井工程和辅助旅游资源农业文化资源为坎儿井农业遗产资源旅游带来良好的经济收益,而客源与市场特征和外部因素特征权重最低,说明这两个因素是导致旅游效益权重低的主要原因;农业遗产资源旅游的保护和开发两者互惠共赢,但必须建立在重视农业遗产资源的保护及其宣传保护的基础上。     

激活文化遗产价值 赋能山区农业高质量发展

<正>浙江省龙泉市“九山半水半分田”,拥有“中华灵芝第一乡”“中国黑木耳之乡”等17张国家级金名片和龙泉灵芝种植系统、黑木耳栽培系统等5个省级农业文化遗产资源。2024年中央一号文件提出“要强化农业文化遗产挖掘整理和保护利用”。龙泉市依托丰富多样的农业文化遗产优势,创新“农遗+”新实践,在保护好核心要素的基础上,深挖多种功能、释放多元价值,有效推进全市农业高质量发展,助力乡村振兴,扎实推进共同富裕。2023年,     

陕西文物遗址保护与规划对区域经济的影响

一、陕西大遗址资源保护状况 陕西大遗址具有分布广、数量多、面积大和等级高等特点，遗址数量在陕西文物资源中占有非常大的比重，全国重点文物保护单位有30处，省级文物保护单位的有186处，特别是周原、秦雍城和秦阿房宫等九大遗址的面积都在十几平方公里至七八十平方公里。我国古代文化发展鼎盛时期的周、秦、汉、唐的都城遗址都分布在陕西，其建筑遗址、遗迹和出土文物，均是当时中华文明辉煌成就的典型代表，具有很高的历史、文化和科学价值。     

闽台农业文化资源保护与产业开发问题评述

闽台文化资源保护与产业开发,着重强调农业生产技能亟待加强传习与保护,而对生活习俗文化资源产业化开发应注重整体一致性。古村落保护要介入资源产权制度以充盈保护措施,而对弱经济价值文化遗产项目的保护,则重在宣传其深层教化作用。同时应充分拓展思路,加速利用新媒体方式留存并将民俗文化元素创意输出。当然,必须在开发和保护过程中加强法律意识,强化法律及制度化权益保障,适当增加"学术监督"。在"文化产权资本化"过程中,既注重文化遗产资源产权的知识产权属性,又要借助"司法救济机制"和"民间解决机制"等方式,辅助解决其间的侵权与纠纷,用以尊重文化资源的公权属性特质。     

The Effect of the Structural Adjustment Program on the Output,Prices and Exports of Major Agricultural Export Crops in Nigeria

The primary objective of this paper is to examine changes in the level of output, prices and exports of major export crops resulting from the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Nigeria. THere two main sources of data: the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) through its annual reports, Economic and Financial Review, and the Nigerian Federal Office of Statistics (FOS) through its Trade Summaries. Although the SAP led to appreciable increases in output and producer prices, its effects on exports were insignificant. The implications of these for the implementation of the program are explored.     

Revealing different understandings of soil held by scientists and farmers in the context of soil protection and management

This paper aims to analyse and draw together results from similar studies in England, Switzerland and France which investigated farmers’ understanding of soil and compared it with that of scientists, researchers and advisors (collectively called scientists in this analysis). A range of methods were used across the three studies and different theoretical approaches, looking at forms of knowledge, local practice of knowledge production and conceptions of reality, were employed to explain the results. Despite the different contexts, methodologies and theoretical approaches in the three studies, the results reveal similar patterns of difference in farmer and scientist understanding of soil. In the English study, farmers demonstrate a ‘know-how’ form or intuitive working knowledge of soil while advisors rely on scientifically established forms of ‘know-why’ and seek to understand and explain soil processes. Similarly in the Swiss study farmers’ and scientists’ differing perceptions are directed and shaped by their respective aims, methods and context of work. In the French study, farmers and researchers are shown to have different conceptions of soil, they attribute different meaning to the same activities, and use different words and language to describe the same features. In all three studies understanding is shown to be cultural and contextual, as such an integrative theoretical framework is proposed.     

森林生物多样性评价模型的改进

针对2002年的评价模型中的不足,提出了新的改进后的森林生物多样性变化的评价模型,并在我国第六次森林资源清查(1999～2003)资料的基础上,对1973～2003年我国森林生物多样性的变化进行了补充评价。评价结果表明:我国森林生物多样性的压力越来越大,压力指数由1973年的100,上升到2003年的199.10,上升了1.99倍;森林物种多样性总体的下降趋势已有一定幅度的改变,森林物种多样性指数增加了31.12%。森林生态系统多样性和森林生物多样性先逐渐上升,尔后又下降,第六次森林资源清查时又有所恢复,并分别上升了4.67个百分点和17.90个百分点。     

Trust-A monolithic panacea in land use planning?

Although trust research has been extensive and substantial, the constitution and actual merits of trust in land use planning remain nebulous. What do participants of a local land use planning process actually mean when they say they trust the planning committee? How important is participants’ trust in the planning committee in shaping their perceptions of the planning process and their cooperation in it? To explore the everyday meaning of trust in the specific context of local land use planning, semi-structured interviews with the participants of a local planning project in Switzerland were conducted (n = 9). Based on these results, the constitution and the relevance of trust in the responsible planning committee among a wider circle of participants were assessed (n = 66). The results show that participants trust the planning committee if they perceive its members as competent, honest, open, fair, reliable, reciprocating, respectful and committed. Interestingly, a considerable part of trust in the planning committee hinges explicitly on whether the committee incorporates the personal interests of the participant. Trust is indeed vital to participants’ belief that a meaningful discussion and cooperation with the members of the planning committee is possible. However, trust is neither a guarantee for people's approval of planning decisions nor for their cooperation. One implication of the findings is that in order to evaluate trust-building practice comprehensively, it is necessary to first understand the specific everyday meaning of trust for ‘real people’ in real planning processes.     

转变地质工作发展与服务方式的实践和建议

天津市地矿局注重加快转变经济发展方式,发挥地质工作优势,推进低碳清洁能源的开发利用创新和技术进步,紧紧依托地质工作的人才、技术和行业优势,加大清洁环保资源的勘查、研究、开发、利用。针对天津市水资源缺乏的情况,积极加强后备和应紧水源勘查。按照“两种资源,两个市场”的思路,通过实施中外合作勘查项目,以境外勘查工作为载体和平台,实施引进来和走出去战略,为天津市经济社会发展提供地质技术支撑。     

Agricultural Land in Vietnam: Markets Tempered by Family, Community and Socialist Practices

Since the late 1980s, markets involving agricultural land have emerged in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. One major reason is that collective farms, previously a central feature of the country's political economy, ended. And a major reason for that was villagers' everyday politics gnawed the underpinnings of the collectives until they collapsed. Rural households, for the most part, wanted to farm separately. Today they do. Land is not privatized, however. Farming households have land use rights, not ownership. This tempers markets, as do other conditions arising from contending schools of thought in Vietnam about how land should be used, distributed and regulated.     

Conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania: the case of the Mwangaza B CA farmer field school (FFS), Rhotia Village,Karatu District,Arusha

This project was initiated to promote conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania so as to improve the food security and rural livelihood of small- and medium-scale farmers through the scaling-up of CA as a sustainable land management (SLM) tool as well as increasing the numbers of SLM-CA farmer field schools (FFS) in communities. The project had two phases from 2004 to 2010. It was funded by a Government of Germany trust fund and implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Ministry of Agriculture in Tanzania. The project pilot districts include Arumeru (Arusha and Meru Councils), Karatu, Babati, Hanang and Moshi districts. CA has been shown to offer positive elements that could contribute to fighting hunger and poverty.     

Towards an Integration of R & D and Marketing in Production Development

Abstract

In this paper, two approaches which are characteristic for Research & Development and Marketing departments are compared. First, R&D versus Marketing orientations are explained, then the major differences between them are presented. The integration of both approaches may improve competitive advantage of the food industry. Factors stimulating such integration are presented on the basis of data from real business circumstances. Innovation is regarded as a major source of competitive advantage of company. Therefore, integration in sensory methodology, that is commonly but differently used by R & D and Marketing departments, may contribute to the improvement of innovation practices and successful business performance. Finally, the role of consumer tests, oriented for marketing and product development, is illustrated.     

Successful Practices in California Wine Exporting

Abstract

California is one of the world's largest wine producers, yet it has exported only a small portion of its products. Many US wineries want to pursue opportunities in foreign markets but only a few are actually doing this successfully. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the successful practices of 12 California wineries that have achieved their financial targets and other export goals. A qualitative research design of in-depth interviews was employed. Results indicate that there are 5 major success factors, with the two most important being the foreign partner relationship and top management vision and commitment to exporting.     

Time Allocation Decisions Associated with Job Market Preparation: Undergraduate Perceptions versus Market Realities

A survey of agribusiness firms identifies characteristics associated with above average starting salary offers in the allied fields of agribusiness, agricultural economics, business, and economics. A complementary survey is made of students at Texas A&M University and University of Georgia. Results show that firms value work experience and leadership experience more than students do, whereas students value raising grade point average and interview preparation more than do firms. Students seeking a firm's maximum starting salary offer will need to enhance academic performance with substantial work experience and leadership experience.