共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Chenggang Wang Yin Xia Steven Buccola 《American journal of agricultural economics》2009,91(2):374-388
Life-science research has shifted rapidly from the public to the private sector, raising questions about government's remaining role. We shed light on the issue by employing a dynamic investment-response model to examine the public's impact on industry life-science research effort and success. We find that government expenditures in both basic biological research and agricultural and medical science create substantial spillovers for private firms. The spillovers are, unfortunately, partly nullified by government competition for scarce research inputs. Yet even after accounting for such competition, public investment has been strongly complementary to private investment. Indeed, opportunities created through public research are the principal source of growth in industry life sciences. 相似文献
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统筹城乡发展,就是从整体上科学规划城镇体系、新农村建设、统筹城乡劳动就业等,其目的是缩小城乡差距,提高农民生活水平,促进城乡经济社会一体化发展.而农村人力资本投资状况对城乡差距有较大的影响.在界定相关概念的基础上,对国内外关于人力资本与城乡差距关系作了研究综述,得出农村人力资本投资与城乡统筹发展之间的辩证关系 相似文献
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资本运营与林业投资体制改革 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:5
本文探讨林业资本运营的重要方面———投资 ,就林业投资的基本特征、投资体制存在的主要问题 ,以及林业投资体制改革的目标模式和具体实施步骤作细致分析。认为 ,改革的最终目标在于发展和完善以市场调节为基础的林业资本要素配置机制 相似文献
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Johan F.M. Swinnen Harry de Goter Gordon C. Rausser Anurag N. Banerjee 《Agricultural Economics》2000,22(2):111-122
The paper tests a political economy theory of simultaneous government decision‐making on income redistribution through commodity policies and on public research investment in agriculture. We use data from 37 countries on agricultural protection and public agricultural research expenditures (PARI). The empirical results are consistent with the political economy hypotheses. The analysis suggest that structural changes in the economy have important effects on the political incentives for governments not only to subsidize or tax farmers, but also to invest in public agricultural research. Furthermore, the analysis supports the hypotheses that the impact of such structural changes on government decision‐making on PARI is non‐linear and conditional on other factors. Regarding the impact of political institutions, the results suggest that more democracy neither leads to more distortionary transfers (agricultural protection), nor to lower investment in public goods (PARI). ©2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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人才资源开发利用管理的新思维 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从21世纪人力资源开发与管理的角度,以落实全国人才工作会议精神为基点,论述人才资源开发的时代特征;人才资本理论的提出和发展;阐述知识经济时代对人力资源开发与管理的迫切要求,根据能态理论引发出对人才资源开发、合理利用及科学管理的新思维——量子化思维。同时,简单地阐述了企业文化的核心——团队精神。 相似文献
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论述水利事业单位投资企业产生的背景、存在的主要问题、面临的环境,揭示水利事业单位投资企业必须适应国家关于事业单位分类改革、国有企业改革、水利事业发展要求和市场环境变化,通过改革管理体制、清理整合、分类推进改革、转换经营机制、强化内部控制与监督、出台相关配套政策等途径,促进其健康发展。 相似文献
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Stanley R. Johnson Tigran A. Melkonyan 《American journal of agricultural economics》2003,85(1):216-233
We develop a model explaining the consolidation patterns in the agricultural biotechnology industry. Among different consolidation and cooperation mechanisms, we consider collaborative and licensing agreements, joint ventures, acquisitions, and exchanges of ownership and spin-offs. The key results derive from the benefits of coordinated actions, distinction between transferable and nontransferable payoffs, the substitutability, complementarity, and the importance of the managers' noncontractible investments, and access and expansion of markets. Results from the model are used to examine the cooperation and consolidation activities for four major players in the agricultural biotechnology industry, DuPont , Dow Chemical , Monsanto , and Novartis . 相似文献
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农民收入是区域农村发展水平的重要指标,农村人力资本投入对农民收入增长有明显的促进作用。我国区域农村发展存在东中西差异。中部6省(山西、湖南、湖北、安徽、河南及江西)农民收入水平处于全国中上水平。深入分析中部6省人力资本对农民收入增长的作用,具有重要的现实意义。研究基于1998~2014年的时间序列数据,建立面板数据回归模型,实证分析中部6省人力资本投资对农民人均可支配收入、工资性收入以及家庭经营收入的影响。研究表明:中部6省农村人力资本投资对农民人均可支配收入、工资性收入和家庭经营收入的影响都在1%的水平下影响显著,其中农村人力资本投资对工资性收入的影响效应最大,除山西省外,影响值都达到1.0以上;农村人力资本投资对农民人均可支配收入影响次之,中部6省之间的影响效应值在0.65~0.95之间,山西省影响效应最低;农村人力资本投资对农民家庭经营收入的影响效应值最小,中部6省除山西省外,其他5个省份的影响效应均大于0.5。并提出加大农村人力资本投资,制定人力资本投资向农村倾斜的政策,加大宣传力度鼓励农民进行自主性人力资本投资,以及加大农村医疗基础建设,完善农村医保体系等一系列提高农村居民收入,实现城乡均衡发展的对策建议。 相似文献
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Few empirical studies have addressed the impact of the patent system on industry structure. Using firm-level patent data for firms in plant biotechnology, we develop a measure of patent enforceability. Duration models show that patent statistics are useful predictors of the timing of consolidation and that patent enforceability is an important factor influencing the likelihood of consolidation. Acquisitions in plant biotechnology may be motivated by the enforcement of patent rights when firms have overlapping technologies; some merger activity may be explained by attempts to avoid mutually blocking technology, as exemplified by the case of Roundup Ready corn. 相似文献
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在文献分析和专家头脑风暴的基础上,构建了渔业企业研发人员人力资本投资风险评价指标体系,包括5个一级指标和15个二级指标。运用层次分析法对各指标的权重进行赋值,创建了渔业企业研发人员人力资本投资风险模糊综合评价模型,幵以山东某渔业企业研发人员人力资本投资风险为例进行了实证分析。实证研究的结果表明,渔业企业研发人员人力资本投资风险模糊综合评价模型具有较好的操作性和准确性,可以供其他渔业企业为针对研发人员的人力资本投资决策提供依据。 相似文献
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海洋科技机构现状与发展前景分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
作者通过对我国海洋科技机构现状及存在问题的分析 ,指出了海洋科技的发展与经济相结合的重要性及海洋科技体制改革对海洋科技可持续发展的重要保障作用。 相似文献
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齐恒 《国土与自然资源研究》2004,(4):3-4
湖南省区域投资环境具有一定的优势,但也存在着限制性因素。投资环境的改造,一是要注意建立宽松、安全、有保障的外部环境;二是要从省情和各地区具体情况出发,确立全省及各地区发展战略,加快经济发展,改善软硬环境;三是要充分利用资源优势,改善区域投资环境,实行倾斜政策,招商引资,扶持优势产业;四是改善工业部门结构并确立工业主要发展方向。 相似文献
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同苏锡常地区相比,湖州市吸引外资方面落后,制约湖州市外资发展的主要因素包括欠佳的地理区位、较低的经济发展水平、人才的匮乏、思想观念的保守及投资环境的不完善;未来湖州市要积极深化管理体制的改革,做好太湖文章,优化投资环境,充分利用优势资源,建设特色工业园区,继续推动纺织、丝绸服装及建材等传统产业的发展,建立国家级生态保护区,积极发展旅游业;在抓住亚洲地区的投资额的同时,积极扩大对欧美地区的招商力度。 相似文献
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Victoria Westbrooke Peter Nuthall 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2017,61(4):663-684
Human capital is an important resource in primary production impacting on farmers’ decisions and actions. Given their current and expected economic environment, farmers must use their human capital in mapping out a trajectory for their farm. This study considers particular aspects of farmers’ human capital and its influence on farm growth, or lack of it. Farmers’ characteristics as expressed through their personality, intelligence and objectives are the main human capital aspects considered in a sample of smaller NZ dairy farms. They are somewhat typical of western farmers working on smaller farms. They can be broadly classed into Expanders, Maintainers and Retractors. It is hypothesised each group will have distinct and different personal characteristics and these influence the farmers’ choice of trajectory. This is in addition to purely economic factors. It is also hypothesised the characteristics influence the farmers’ choice of development strategy and how challenges to the strategy are viewed. The data collected from the small dairy farms support the hypotheses suggesting the design of policy and extension programs must allow for these human capital drivers. Using past data, it is also shown aspects of human capital are different in large farms emphasising the same conclusion. 相似文献
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农业\"走出去\"是国家\"走出去\"战略的重要组成部分,也是落实\"一带一路\"倡议的重要抓手。总体来说,中国农业企业\"走出去\"是\"遍地是黄金,处处是陷阱\"。投资区域日趋广泛,集中于中亚地区;投资主体日趋多样,民营企业发展迅速;投资领域日趋多元,加工贸易优势突出;投资经营日趋规范,本土化特征明显;由农产品加工贸易模式向农业技术转移模式转变。但面临着国外政策环境方面的资源困境、技术困境、人才困境、舆论困境,国内政策制度方面的投资审批、种质资源、农产品检验检疫限制,企业经营管理方面的市场竞争环境较激烈、企业国际化能力不强、企业的品牌价值不高、社会责任塑造能力弱,社会服务体系方面的行业信息服务不到位、政府涉外服务不到位等问题。建议政府部门建立和完善推动农业企业\"走出去\"的支持服务体系,同时,引导和支持农业企业提升\"走出去\"的投资经营能力。 相似文献