黑龙江省红色边疆农场民俗旅游资源开发对策研究

红色边疆农场民族风情独特,民俗旅游资源丰富,发展民俗旅游具有广阔的市场前景。经调研,本文分析了农场民俗旅游资源、开发现状及问题,提出了民俗旅游资源的开发策略,为农场旅游开发提供参考借鉴。     

论我国民俗旅游资源开发

民俗旅游是高层次的文化旅游,目前已成为我国最具吸引力的旅游项目之一。本文对国内民俗旅游现状进行分析,同时针对民俗旅游资源开发中存在的问题,提出民俗旅游发展策略。     

我国农村地区民俗旅游经济开发研究

我国农村地区拥有丰富的民俗旅游资源,作为人类文化旅游资源的重要组成部分,农村地区民俗旅游资源因其独特的民族风情和厚重的文化底蕴吸引了众多游客,同时也带动了我国农村地区民俗旅游经济的开发。当前农村地区民俗旅游已经成为推动农村经济社会发展的重要动力,但部分农村地区民俗旅游经济开发面临不充分、不平衡和不合理的问题。为此,需进一步明确民俗旅游开发的目标,挖掘民俗文化内涵,形成优势特色,进而推进民俗旅游的健康持续发展。     

民俗旅游开发与保护

在旅游资源保护呼声日盛的今天，民俗旅游资源的保护更是受到了广泛的关注，我们不但要对民俗旅游资源进行保护，更应该关注其开发与可持续发展．我们要认真地对民俗旅游资源进行审视，对其价值进行充分认识和发掘，在保护民俗旅游资源的基础上，才能开发利用它．同时，这也需要我们在尊重传统和事实的前提下，科学地开发和保护，使民俗旅游资源在现代化进程中永葆生机．     

农业民俗中面临的旅游开发问题

农业民俗是劳动人民智慧的结晶。北京的农业民俗产业蒸蒸日上，如何将农业民俗和旅游开发很好地结合起来？如何将农业民俗作为一种珍贵的旅游文化资源很好地保护、开发和利用？如何将农业民俗作为一种精神旅游资源代代相传、发扬光大？本文结合国内外对于农业民俗旅游资源的开发及笔者在北京平谷区熊尔寨乡的实地民俗旅游田野调查研究结果进行探讨，并对北京农业民俗的旅游开发问题做出展望。     

基于AHP-FCE的旅游资源开发潜力评价——以吉林省四平市为例

以吉林省四平市为例,通过实地调查,依据《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》标准,梳理四平市旅游资源类型与数量。运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价相结合的方法,构建评价模型对四平市旅游资源开发潜力进行评价,结果表明,资源价值方面,四平市旅游资源市场价值所占分值最大,旅游资源自身要素价值次之,然后是旅游资源区位条件;资源特色方面,以历史遗址遗迹、红色文化和满族民俗旅游资源为主,特色鲜明、吸引力较强,具备较高的开发潜力。结合评价结果,分析四平市旅游资源开发存在的问题,提出了该市旅游业可持续开发的调控对策,旨在为该地区旅游业发展提供参考。     

绥化市民俗旅游开发研究

民俗旅游是人文旅游资源的重要组成部分,它以鲜明的民俗品格,独特的文化内涵,厚重的历史氛围,显著的地域差距,以及丰富多彩的表现形式,对游客产生巨大的诱惑力和感召力,成为旅游者选择的一大热点。本文通过分析绥化市民俗旅游开发现状,发现绥化市民俗旅游开发中存在的问题,并提出了绥化市民俗旅游开发尊重传统民俗,因地制宜、提高游客的参与性、发挥地域优势,走特色旅游之路、培养专业人才,提高管理水平等对策,进而提升绥化市民俗旅游的发展水平。     

宁德市畲族民俗旅游资源显性化开发研究

民俗旅游资源是区域旅游业发展的重要基础,受认知能力、资源的存在状态等多重因素的影响,民俗旅游资源呈现隐性的状态,这为区域发展旅游业带来了一定的难度;在探讨民俗旅游资源的概念、特征、开发理念等基础上,结合宁德市畲族民俗文化为例进行了系统的研究。     

北京休闲农业发展现状特征及对策建议

[目的]休闲农业是北京旅游市场新的经济增长点,其可持续发展对"十三五"时期北京都市型现代农业健康发展具有重要意义。通过分析北京休闲农业的发展特征并提出针对性建议,以期为促进北京市城乡交流、实现农民增收提供理论依据。[方法]文章主要对2006~2015年北京农业观光园、民俗旅游等2种主要休闲业态的总体现状、经营主体数量、从业人数、经营收入、接待人次等的时空演化开展定量分析。基于分析结果提出以市场为导向,加快转型升级;加强生态资源保护性开发;加紧文化创意元素融合;加速"互联网+休闲农业"布局等休闲农业未来发展的建议。[结果]北京的休闲农业呈现四大特征:(1)农业观光园的"产品消费外扩与食宿消费内聚"趋势并存,合力影响北京农业观光园时空演化进程;(2)民俗旅游呈现以"空心化、亲自然"为特征的持续性远郊热,生态涵养发展区民俗旅游发展持续巩固;(3)休闲农业市场邻近性的优势渐弱,休闲农业总体呈向外部扩散趋势;(4)休闲农业对自然旅游资源的依附性趋强,旅游自然资源富集区休闲农业发展优势明显。[结论]北京部分农业观光园出现增速放缓,收入大幅下降的局面,农业观光园转型发展需求迫切;北京近10年民俗旅游收入和接待人次实现较大幅度增长,但民俗旅游经营户的经营收入、人均消费水平仍相对较低,需对民俗旅游的经营水平和盈利能力作进一步提升。     

可持续发展视角下乡村民俗旅游发展研究

文化逐渐成为旅游的核心资源。中国具有丰富的传统民俗文化,而农村是民俗文化的主要传承地。在现代化发展影响下,民俗文化受到较大冲击。以民俗文化为主体的乡村旅游活动,即有利于民俗文化的传承与保护,又为农村经济发展注入新的活力。但是,乡村旅游基础设施建设等因素比较落后,乡村民俗旅游产业开发性不足,导致乡村民俗旅游发展受到限制,不利于民俗文化传承和乡村旅游的可持续发展。本文系统分析乡村民俗旅游发展的有利条件与不利条件,并提出促进民俗旅游可持续发展的对策建议。     

The Effect of the Structural Adjustment Program on the Output,Prices and Exports of Major Agricultural Export Crops in Nigeria

The primary objective of this paper is to examine changes in the level of output, prices and exports of major export crops resulting from the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Nigeria. THere two main sources of data: the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) through its annual reports, Economic and Financial Review, and the Nigerian Federal Office of Statistics (FOS) through its Trade Summaries. Although the SAP led to appreciable increases in output and producer prices, its effects on exports were insignificant. The implications of these for the implementation of the program are explored.     

Revealing different understandings of soil held by scientists and farmers in the context of soil protection and management

This paper aims to analyse and draw together results from similar studies in England, Switzerland and France which investigated farmers’ understanding of soil and compared it with that of scientists, researchers and advisors (collectively called scientists in this analysis). A range of methods were used across the three studies and different theoretical approaches, looking at forms of knowledge, local practice of knowledge production and conceptions of reality, were employed to explain the results. Despite the different contexts, methodologies and theoretical approaches in the three studies, the results reveal similar patterns of difference in farmer and scientist understanding of soil. In the English study, farmers demonstrate a ‘know-how’ form or intuitive working knowledge of soil while advisors rely on scientifically established forms of ‘know-why’ and seek to understand and explain soil processes. Similarly in the Swiss study farmers’ and scientists’ differing perceptions are directed and shaped by their respective aims, methods and context of work. In the French study, farmers and researchers are shown to have different conceptions of soil, they attribute different meaning to the same activities, and use different words and language to describe the same features. In all three studies understanding is shown to be cultural and contextual, as such an integrative theoretical framework is proposed.     

森林生物多样性评价模型的改进

针对2002年的评价模型中的不足,提出了新的改进后的森林生物多样性变化的评价模型,并在我国第六次森林资源清查(1999～2003)资料的基础上,对1973～2003年我国森林生物多样性的变化进行了补充评价。评价结果表明:我国森林生物多样性的压力越来越大,压力指数由1973年的100,上升到2003年的199.10,上升了1.99倍;森林物种多样性总体的下降趋势已有一定幅度的改变,森林物种多样性指数增加了31.12%。森林生态系统多样性和森林生物多样性先逐渐上升,尔后又下降,第六次森林资源清查时又有所恢复,并分别上升了4.67个百分点和17.90个百分点。     

Trust-A monolithic panacea in land use planning?

Although trust research has been extensive and substantial, the constitution and actual merits of trust in land use planning remain nebulous. What do participants of a local land use planning process actually mean when they say they trust the planning committee? How important is participants’ trust in the planning committee in shaping their perceptions of the planning process and their cooperation in it? To explore the everyday meaning of trust in the specific context of local land use planning, semi-structured interviews with the participants of a local planning project in Switzerland were conducted (n = 9). Based on these results, the constitution and the relevance of trust in the responsible planning committee among a wider circle of participants were assessed (n = 66). The results show that participants trust the planning committee if they perceive its members as competent, honest, open, fair, reliable, reciprocating, respectful and committed. Interestingly, a considerable part of trust in the planning committee hinges explicitly on whether the committee incorporates the personal interests of the participant. Trust is indeed vital to participants’ belief that a meaningful discussion and cooperation with the members of the planning committee is possible. However, trust is neither a guarantee for people's approval of planning decisions nor for their cooperation. One implication of the findings is that in order to evaluate trust-building practice comprehensively, it is necessary to first understand the specific everyday meaning of trust for ‘real people’ in real planning processes.     

转变地质工作发展与服务方式的实践和建议

天津市地矿局注重加快转变经济发展方式,发挥地质工作优势,推进低碳清洁能源的开发利用创新和技术进步,紧紧依托地质工作的人才、技术和行业优势,加大清洁环保资源的勘查、研究、开发、利用。针对天津市水资源缺乏的情况,积极加强后备和应紧水源勘查。按照“两种资源,两个市场”的思路,通过实施中外合作勘查项目,以境外勘查工作为载体和平台,实施引进来和走出去战略,为天津市经济社会发展提供地质技术支撑。     

Agricultural Land in Vietnam: Markets Tempered by Family, Community and Socialist Practices

Since the late 1980s, markets involving agricultural land have emerged in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. One major reason is that collective farms, previously a central feature of the country's political economy, ended. And a major reason for that was villagers' everyday politics gnawed the underpinnings of the collectives until they collapsed. Rural households, for the most part, wanted to farm separately. Today they do. Land is not privatized, however. Farming households have land use rights, not ownership. This tempers markets, as do other conditions arising from contending schools of thought in Vietnam about how land should be used, distributed and regulated.     

Conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania: the case of the Mwangaza B CA farmer field school (FFS), Rhotia Village,Karatu District,Arusha

This project was initiated to promote conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania so as to improve the food security and rural livelihood of small- and medium-scale farmers through the scaling-up of CA as a sustainable land management (SLM) tool as well as increasing the numbers of SLM-CA farmer field schools (FFS) in communities. The project had two phases from 2004 to 2010. It was funded by a Government of Germany trust fund and implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Ministry of Agriculture in Tanzania. The project pilot districts include Arumeru (Arusha and Meru Councils), Karatu, Babati, Hanang and Moshi districts. CA has been shown to offer positive elements that could contribute to fighting hunger and poverty.     

Successful Practices in California Wine Exporting

Abstract

California is one of the world's largest wine producers, yet it has exported only a small portion of its products. Many US wineries want to pursue opportunities in foreign markets but only a few are actually doing this successfully. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the successful practices of 12 California wineries that have achieved their financial targets and other export goals. A qualitative research design of in-depth interviews was employed. Results indicate that there are 5 major success factors, with the two most important being the foreign partner relationship and top management vision and commitment to exporting.     

Time Allocation Decisions Associated with Job Market Preparation: Undergraduate Perceptions versus Market Realities

A survey of agribusiness firms identifies characteristics associated with above average starting salary offers in the allied fields of agribusiness, agricultural economics, business, and economics. A complementary survey is made of students at Texas A&M University and University of Georgia. Results show that firms value work experience and leadership experience more than students do, whereas students value raising grade point average and interview preparation more than do firms. Students seeking a firm's maximum starting salary offer will need to enhance academic performance with substantial work experience and leadership experience.     

Developments in the Doha Round and WTO dispute settlement: some implications for EU agricultural policy

Progress in the Doha Round is assessed against the changes tothe common agricultural policy (CAP) brought about by the Fischlerreforms of 2003–2004, and that proposed for sugar. Anelimination of export subsidies could place EU exports of processedfoods at a competitive disadvantage because of high sugar andmilk prices. Provided the single payment scheme falls withinthe green box, the likely new limits on domestic support shouldnot be problematic for the post-Fischler CAP. However, an ambitiousmarket access package could open up EU markets and bring pressurefor further reform. If there is no Doha agreement, existingprovisions will continue to apply, but without the protectionof the Peace Clause; and increased litigation is likely. FurtherCAP reform is to be expected.