浙江林业产业走向国际舞台

应美国国际木制品协会、洛杉矶市工业制造委员会、加拿大温哥华市政府的邀请，今年3月至4月间，省林业产业协会组织浙江万森木业、嘉善胶合板商会、嘉兴卡雷尔装饰板有限公司等7家企业一行9人赴美国、加拿大进行商务考察，并参加了在美国新奥尔良举行的国际木制品协会第47次年会“2003年木业世界会议”。     

基于绿色消费心理木制品供应链追溯卡的设计

为了满足欧美消费者绿色消费心理需求,应用M1S70卡作为木制品供应链追溯卡,实现了对木制品供应链日志的全程记录。设计了三级权限的安全机制:企业权限可以阅读上游日志并写入生产日志;政府权限可以在监管时永久锁定上游日志;而消费者权限可透明阅读全程日志。安全机制能阻绝盗砍滥伐的非法木材进入加工环节,提高国产木制品的国际竞争力,帮助消费者了解木制品原料来源和工艺流程。     

先售后产：企业国际化营销策略

世界经济一体化浪潮使更多的企业为开拓国际市场不断进行着营销策略的创新，一些中美知名企业推出“先售后产”的拓展国际市场新方法，带来了营销理念的新飞跃。     

小资料

小资料国际市场畅销的中国农副产品近年，中国在国际市场畅销的农副产品有：一、杂豆。包括绿豆、豌豆、芸豆，在西欧国家市场是抢手货，难以满足需求。二、木制品。国际市场年容量为１９０亿元，畅销的中国货主要有：卫生筷、木衣架和一些微型木制生活用品。三、地毯。中...     

快消经济时代国际农产品市场拓展与语言学翻译研究

快消经济时代,将语言学翻译理论和国际农产品市场拓展巧妙结合,有助于我国农产品拓展国际市场。介绍了农产品市场拓展中的语言学翻译语际转化过程,分析了基于农产品市场拓展转化的语言信息传递,以指导语言学翻译实践和促进农产品国际贸易发展。     

中国林产品制造业的贸易竞争力——基于本国增加值的分析

基于最新发布的世界投入产出数据库,运用前沿全球价值链分解方法计算出贸易中的本国增加值,在此基础上,采用世界出口份额、份额变化,分解巴拉萨指数、拉斐指数、标准化贸易收支等指标,比较和分析中国林产品制造业的贸易竞争力。研究发现,中国林产品制造业出口中的本国增加值占比从84%下降到81%;中国木材及木制品的世界出口份额由5.1%上升到11.2%,纸浆及纸制品的世界出口份额由1.3%升高到3.1%;中国林产品制造业出口份额的提高主要源于竞争效应的增强,但是中国面对世界市场动态变化及时调整的能力还有待加强;巴拉萨指数和拉斐指数反映出中国在木材及木制品上具有国际竞争优势,而在纸浆及纸制品上劣势较为明显;采用标准化贸易收支的分析表明,中国在木材及木制品上仍跟芬兰、加拿大等林产工业强国存在较大差距,而且在纸浆和纸制品上对欧美发达国家的进口依赖程度仍然较高。     

2011国际林产品贸易论坛在南宁举办

日前，2011国际林产品贸易论坛在南宁举办。本届论坛围绕欧美林产品市场现状和发展、木材原料的合法性和安全、可持续供应、木制品加工企业走出市场困境的途径等议题，共同交流和探讨了各国的林业产业概况、贸易现状及未来发展趋势。     

从世界木材贸易看中国木材进口需求的森林生态足迹

从实证角度对世界森林资源状况和中国木材原料进口需求进行了分析研究,探索中、长期林产品市场变化及其政策选择。中国主要木材原料进口及木制品出口的两头在外格局仍在延续,中长期刚性需求依然存在,2007年原木进口高峰年为3709.08万m3。1995～2007年中国原木进口对出口国的森林生态影响较小,没有威胁到世界森林资源。     

精诚合作 共绘宏图

<正>作为直属国务院领导的唯一一家农业政策性银行,中国农业发展银行拥有与中国国家主权相同的国际信用评级,在中国经济及金融体系的重要地位不言而喻。十年以来,农发行持续为境内投资者提供了高质量的债券投资产品;近年,农发行更是将其融资渠道逐步拓展至国际资本市场。自2012年年初起,农发行持续赴港发行人民币债券,累计发行总量达到了人民币110亿元,     

中国虾产品出口竞争力分析

本世纪以来,中国虾产品在国际市场中的份额逐步增加,但出口市场呈现分散化趋势.本文利用国际贸易理论分析了中国虾产品出口竞争的优势及其制约因素,结合世界虾产品主要进出口国的国际比较优势及贸易现状,阐述了国际虾产品市场的前景及机遇,并就中国虾产品出口竞争力提高提出如下建议:提高虾产品的质量,保证技术的可靠性;重视产品结构调整,努力开拓多元化出口市场,提高行业组织化程度等.     

The Effect of the Structural Adjustment Program on the Output,Prices and Exports of Major Agricultural Export Crops in Nigeria

The primary objective of this paper is to examine changes in the level of output, prices and exports of major export crops resulting from the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Nigeria. THere two main sources of data: the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) through its annual reports, Economic and Financial Review, and the Nigerian Federal Office of Statistics (FOS) through its Trade Summaries. Although the SAP led to appreciable increases in output and producer prices, its effects on exports were insignificant. The implications of these for the implementation of the program are explored.     

Application of an ecosystem function framework to perceptions of community woodlands

Owners, local residents, government, and conservation organisations can express divergent preferences in the development and management of local woodlands. The perceptions of these four groups were examined, in the context of three community woodlands in Eastern England, using an ecosystem function framework. In a pilot study, residents were able to allocate a relative importance to woodland ecosystem services which were then related to “regulation”, “habitat”, and “production” or “information” functions. However residents also placed importance on negative services or “dis-services” associated with the woodland ecosystem. Therefore a fifth category of “dis-services” was included in the main survey which included 84 local residents, three woodland owners, three government institutions, and six representatives from conservation groups. Each of the four groups placed greatest importance on services associated with habitat (16–39% of the total importance) and information (30–50%) functions suggesting, in this example, mutual interest in the use of woodlands as a habitat or recreational resource. By contrast a potential area of difference was the particularly high importance placed by one owner on dis-services such as fly tipping. In addition the woodland owners placed higher importance (10–20%), than local residents and conservation groups (7–9%), on the productive services of the wood. This suggests a need for communication when production-related operations affect recreation. The ecosystem function framework appears to be a useful approach for highlighting potential tensions and areas of mutual interest in the management of semi-natural ecosystems.     

土地学科的建设和发展——"土地学科发展规划研讨会"综述

中国土地科学学科发展已取得很大成就,表现为专业教育和人才培养成绩突出、初步形成学科体系、取得大批研究成果.而存在的问题主要是基础理论研究欠缺、独特的土地科学研究方法体系尚未形成、研究角度单一、学术交流质量不高和学科带头人的影响力不足.土地科学学科发展目前面临着巨大的机遇和挑战,应明确土地科学学科发展的基本思路、发展目标及2010-2020年的主要建设任务和保障措施.     

Revealing different understandings of soil held by scientists and farmers in the context of soil protection and management

This paper aims to analyse and draw together results from similar studies in England, Switzerland and France which investigated farmers’ understanding of soil and compared it with that of scientists, researchers and advisors (collectively called scientists in this analysis). A range of methods were used across the three studies and different theoretical approaches, looking at forms of knowledge, local practice of knowledge production and conceptions of reality, were employed to explain the results. Despite the different contexts, methodologies and theoretical approaches in the three studies, the results reveal similar patterns of difference in farmer and scientist understanding of soil. In the English study, farmers demonstrate a ‘know-how’ form or intuitive working knowledge of soil while advisors rely on scientifically established forms of ‘know-why’ and seek to understand and explain soil processes. Similarly in the Swiss study farmers’ and scientists’ differing perceptions are directed and shaped by their respective aims, methods and context of work. In the French study, farmers and researchers are shown to have different conceptions of soil, they attribute different meaning to the same activities, and use different words and language to describe the same features. In all three studies understanding is shown to be cultural and contextual, as such an integrative theoretical framework is proposed.     

An evaluation framework for earthquake-responsive land administration

In recent years earthquakes and their secondary hazards have claimed the largest number of lives of all large natural disasters. Some of the world’s most earthquake-prone zones are also areas of high population density. The impact is magnified by vulnerability factors including non-enforcement of building codes, knowledge gaps, urban poverty and poor governance capacity to manage and reduce earthquake risks. Poor security of land tenure and property rights increases the vulnerability of people and affects their ability to respond to natural disasters.Earthquake recovery and reconstruction provides very significant challenges for land agencies, with these challenges differing from one country to the next due to differences in the local context. Drawing on contrasting case studies in Haiti, Nepal and New Zealand this paper identifies the common post-earthquake land administration functions and challenges that may apply to many contexts. These lessons provide land agencies and other key stakeholders with a summary of the challenges an earthquake poses for land administration at different post-disaster stages. We also discuss the policy and regulatory, institutional, operational and preparedness lessons for land administration. From these lessons we propose a framework for evaluating the earthquake-responsiveness of a land administration system. This framework can be used by a land agency in an earthquake prone region, or where an earthquake has recently occurred, to assess what challenges to land administration might occur in the event of an earthquake, and the preparedness of their land administration system.     

森林生物多样性评价模型的改进

针对2002年的评价模型中的不足,提出了新的改进后的森林生物多样性变化的评价模型,并在我国第六次森林资源清查(1999～2003)资料的基础上,对1973～2003年我国森林生物多样性的变化进行了补充评价。评价结果表明:我国森林生物多样性的压力越来越大,压力指数由1973年的100,上升到2003年的199.10,上升了1.99倍;森林物种多样性总体的下降趋势已有一定幅度的改变,森林物种多样性指数增加了31.12%。森林生态系统多样性和森林生物多样性先逐渐上升,尔后又下降,第六次森林资源清查时又有所恢复,并分别上升了4.67个百分点和17.90个百分点。     

Evaluating Alternative Policy Responses to Higher World Food Prices: The Case of Increasing Rice Prices in Madagascar

Higher world food prices have led many developing countries to adopt policies to mitigate the impact on low-income households. This article sets out a partial equilibrium framework to evaluate the efficiency, distributional, and revenue implications of alternative policy responses. The model is applied to evaluate tariff reductions and targeted transfers in Madagascar. Although lowering tariffs generates substantial efficiency gains, these accrue mainly to the top half of the welfare distribution, and poor net sellers are actually worse off. Developing a system of targeted direct transfers to poor households is likely to be a substantially more cost-effective approach to poverty alleviation.     

转变地质工作发展与服务方式的实践和建议

天津市地矿局注重加快转变经济发展方式,发挥地质工作优势,推进低碳清洁能源的开发利用创新和技术进步,紧紧依托地质工作的人才、技术和行业优势,加大清洁环保资源的勘查、研究、开发、利用。针对天津市水资源缺乏的情况,积极加强后备和应紧水源勘查。按照“两种资源,两个市场”的思路,通过实施中外合作勘查项目,以境外勘查工作为载体和平台,实施引进来和走出去战略,为天津市经济社会发展提供地质技术支撑。     

Trust-A monolithic panacea in land use planning?

Although trust research has been extensive and substantial, the constitution and actual merits of trust in land use planning remain nebulous. What do participants of a local land use planning process actually mean when they say they trust the planning committee? How important is participants’ trust in the planning committee in shaping their perceptions of the planning process and their cooperation in it? To explore the everyday meaning of trust in the specific context of local land use planning, semi-structured interviews with the participants of a local planning project in Switzerland were conducted (n = 9). Based on these results, the constitution and the relevance of trust in the responsible planning committee among a wider circle of participants were assessed (n = 66). The results show that participants trust the planning committee if they perceive its members as competent, honest, open, fair, reliable, reciprocating, respectful and committed. Interestingly, a considerable part of trust in the planning committee hinges explicitly on whether the committee incorporates the personal interests of the participant. Trust is indeed vital to participants’ belief that a meaningful discussion and cooperation with the members of the planning committee is possible. However, trust is neither a guarantee for people's approval of planning decisions nor for their cooperation. One implication of the findings is that in order to evaluate trust-building practice comprehensively, it is necessary to first understand the specific everyday meaning of trust for ‘real people’ in real planning processes.     

Agrarian Poverty,Nutrition and Economic Class – A Study of Gujarat,India

This paper analyses poverty and calorific undernourishment in the Indian state of Gujarat, where high and market‐led industrial growth has resulted in rapid economic improvement. The study is carried out through a combination of secondary and survey‐based data. We conclude that the neoliberal agenda of uncontrolled, outward‐looking growth has not resulted in significant reduction of poverty or malnourishment in rural areas. Furthermore, while land ownership is officially used as a proxy for wealth distribution, class position appears a better predictor of poverty status in the rural areas than landownership per se. At the policy level, there is a need to revive the agrarian economy and create new non‐agricultural assets, and the primary focus in the state must shift to the distribution of created assets rather than a single‐minded focus on growth.