开发水库资源发展水库经济的探索

水库建设是一项系统工作,通过加强水库管理、进一步加大资源开发力度等方式,使水库经济效益和社会效益共同发展,是当前水利部门面临的重要问题之一。结合资料和实践,分析了水库资源开发现状,并对未来水库经济发展提出建议。     

新干县水库渔业资源的综合开发利用

新平县有小（二）型以上水库97座；其中3座中型水库、19座小（一）型水库、75座小（二）型水库。总库容1．63亿立方米，有效养鱼水面为21294亩，占全县养鱼面积的48．9％。1990年全县水库鱼产量208吨，占养殖产量的10％，平均单产9．7公斤，有相当一部分水库养鱼处于亏损状况。近几年来，通过开展立体综合养殖和科技兴渔等措施、水库渔业资源得到进一步开发和利用。1996年全县水库鱼产量达到1276吨，平均单产为60公斤，是1990年的6．l倍。新平县水库渔业虽然有很大的发展，但总体水平还比较低，主要原因是：水库承包制度不够健全，承包期过…     

随县创建水库生态渔业示范片

<正>湖北省随县有水库394座,其中大型水库5座、中型水库12座、小(一)型水库40座,小(二)型水库337座,可养鱼面积7.4万亩。水库是发展淡水养殖的重要基地,随着我国淡水渔业的迅速发展,许多新技术不断地应用于水库渔业,使水库鱼产量的增长速度逐步接近淡水养殖的增长速度。     

水库小网箱不同品种和模式的养殖效益比较

水库小网箱不同品种和模式的养殖效益比较福建省连城县水产技术推广站江兴龙目前，小体积高密度网箱养鱼正在全国迅猛发展，养殖的品种正走向多样化。本文试图通过水库４立方米小网箱罗非鱼、淡水白鲳、淡水白鲳（７０％）混养罗非鱼（３０％）、团头鲂、彭泽鲫等不同品种...     

黑龙江省水库旅游开发潜力与存在问题分析

黑龙江省水库旅游资源十分丰富,但并没有得到充分的开发利利用,水库旅游整体开发现状不乐观;以该省知名度较高的二龙山水库和红湖水库为例,对水库旅游开发现状、开发潜力和存在问题进行了分析,并提出了改进的几点建议。     

大型水库旅游开发中的水资源利用--以湖南酒埠江水库为例

水库旅游是水利旅游的重要组成部分.水资源的开发利用是决定水库旅游开发成败的关键因素之一,科学合理利用有限的水资源尤为重要.以湖南酒埠江水库为例,通过对普遍存在的水库水资源量不稳定、不同水资源利用目标冲突、水资源的污染等现实问题进行具体分析,在深入剖析问题产生原因基础上,探讨了该类问题对水库旅游开发产生的消极影响.最后提出加强水资源量的管理、强化水质管理、灵活开展旅游建设开发、拓展旅游开发利用资源范围等建议与对策.     

小型水库主养淡水白鲳高产高效试验

<正> 小型水库原为灌溉或发电用,现大多低价出租给农户葬鱼,亩产量在100—150公斤。为了挖掘生产潜力,我们曾进行过多种养殖模式试验,1999年以主养淡水白鲳取得了高产高效,亩产达745.4公斤,其中淡水白鲳亩产413.5公斤,占总产量的55％。现将试验报告如下: 一、水库条件: 试验选择在小湖水库(原为发电用),面积41亩,坝头水深17米,逐渐向坝尾倾斜,最浅0.4     

浙江省水库型水利风景区旅游开发现状及发展对策

介绍了浙江省内水库型水利风景区旅游开发的背景和旅游资源分布,运用SWOT分析法对浙江省水库型水利风景区旅游开发现状进行分析,指出了水库型水利风景区旅游资源开发的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁,并从管理机制、景区规划、经营模式、档案建设等方面对浙江省水库型水利风景区旅游开发提出解决对策。     

小型水库花鲈网箱高产养殖技术

<正>近年来,为提高小型水库的综合效益,带动该市淡水养殖结构调整,助推渔农民增收,福建省南安市水技站根据水库的不同特点,相继推广示范一批淡水名优品种养殖,取得良好成效。本文总结2011年本站指导开展的小型水库花鲈网箱高产养殖技术,以供养殖户参考。一、水库条件选择位于南安市乐峰镇罗溪上游的笋塔水库,库面面积836亩,狭长弧型,枯水期水深大于5m,主要功能为防洪灌溉与养殖。水库四周植被良好,水资源丰富,水质清新,周围无污染源排入,透明度50-80cm,pH值6.7-7.8,水     

澳洲银鲈水库网箱养殖技术

<正>澳洲银鲈(Bidyanusbidyanus),又名甘旨鱼,原产于澳大利亚东南部昆士兰省河流,是澳洲东部有名的淡水经济鱼类,我国于1996年引进试养。该品种性情温和,对环境适应能力较强,可在淡水池塘、湖泊、水库、河流及盐度20‰以内的咸水中生活,并且鱼肉雪白、无细刺,口感爽滑甘美,营养价值高,是鱼中珍品。我乡于2006年引进澳洲银鲈在六角宫水库进行网箱养殖,投放体长规格为5cm左右鱼种,经10个月饲养达到450～550g/尾的商品鱼规格,单位产量26kg/m2,售价在70元/kg以上,经济效益显著。现将澳洲银鲈水库网箱养殖技术介绍如下。     

The Effect of the Structural Adjustment Program on the Output,Prices and Exports of Major Agricultural Export Crops in Nigeria

The primary objective of this paper is to examine changes in the level of output, prices and exports of major export crops resulting from the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Nigeria. THere two main sources of data: the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) through its annual reports, Economic and Financial Review, and the Nigerian Federal Office of Statistics (FOS) through its Trade Summaries. Although the SAP led to appreciable increases in output and producer prices, its effects on exports were insignificant. The implications of these for the implementation of the program are explored.     

Revealing different understandings of soil held by scientists and farmers in the context of soil protection and management

This paper aims to analyse and draw together results from similar studies in England, Switzerland and France which investigated farmers’ understanding of soil and compared it with that of scientists, researchers and advisors (collectively called scientists in this analysis). A range of methods were used across the three studies and different theoretical approaches, looking at forms of knowledge, local practice of knowledge production and conceptions of reality, were employed to explain the results. Despite the different contexts, methodologies and theoretical approaches in the three studies, the results reveal similar patterns of difference in farmer and scientist understanding of soil. In the English study, farmers demonstrate a ‘know-how’ form or intuitive working knowledge of soil while advisors rely on scientifically established forms of ‘know-why’ and seek to understand and explain soil processes. Similarly in the Swiss study farmers’ and scientists’ differing perceptions are directed and shaped by their respective aims, methods and context of work. In the French study, farmers and researchers are shown to have different conceptions of soil, they attribute different meaning to the same activities, and use different words and language to describe the same features. In all three studies understanding is shown to be cultural and contextual, as such an integrative theoretical framework is proposed.     

森林生物多样性评价模型的改进

针对2002年的评价模型中的不足,提出了新的改进后的森林生物多样性变化的评价模型,并在我国第六次森林资源清查(1999～2003)资料的基础上,对1973～2003年我国森林生物多样性的变化进行了补充评价。评价结果表明:我国森林生物多样性的压力越来越大,压力指数由1973年的100,上升到2003年的199.10,上升了1.99倍;森林物种多样性总体的下降趋势已有一定幅度的改变,森林物种多样性指数增加了31.12%。森林生态系统多样性和森林生物多样性先逐渐上升,尔后又下降,第六次森林资源清查时又有所恢复,并分别上升了4.67个百分点和17.90个百分点。     

Towards an Integration of R & D and Marketing in Production Development

Abstract

In this paper, two approaches which are characteristic for Research & Development and Marketing departments are compared. First, R&D versus Marketing orientations are explained, then the major differences between them are presented. The integration of both approaches may improve competitive advantage of the food industry. Factors stimulating such integration are presented on the basis of data from real business circumstances. Innovation is regarded as a major source of competitive advantage of company. Therefore, integration in sensory methodology, that is commonly but differently used by R & D and Marketing departments, may contribute to the improvement of innovation practices and successful business performance. Finally, the role of consumer tests, oriented for marketing and product development, is illustrated.     

转变地质工作发展与服务方式的实践和建议

天津市地矿局注重加快转变经济发展方式，发挥地质工作优势，推进低碳清洁能源的开发利用创新和技术进步，紧紧依托地质工作的人才、技术和行业优势，加大清洁环保资源的勘查、研究、开发、利用。针对天津市水资源缺乏的情况，积极加强后备和应紧水源勘查。按照“两种资源，两个市场”的思路，通过实施中外合作勘查项目，以境外勘查工作为载体和平台，实施引进来和走出去战略，为天津市经济社会发展提供地质技术支撑。     

Trust-A monolithic panacea in land use planning?

Although trust research has been extensive and substantial, the constitution and actual merits of trust in land use planning remain nebulous. What do participants of a local land use planning process actually mean when they say they trust the planning committee? How important is participants’ trust in the planning committee in shaping their perceptions of the planning process and their cooperation in it? To explore the everyday meaning of trust in the specific context of local land use planning, semi-structured interviews with the participants of a local planning project in Switzerland were conducted (n = 9). Based on these results, the constitution and the relevance of trust in the responsible planning committee among a wider circle of participants were assessed (n = 66). The results show that participants trust the planning committee if they perceive its members as competent, honest, open, fair, reliable, reciprocating, respectful and committed. Interestingly, a considerable part of trust in the planning committee hinges explicitly on whether the committee incorporates the personal interests of the participant. Trust is indeed vital to participants’ belief that a meaningful discussion and cooperation with the members of the planning committee is possible. However, trust is neither a guarantee for people's approval of planning decisions nor for their cooperation. One implication of the findings is that in order to evaluate trust-building practice comprehensively, it is necessary to first understand the specific everyday meaning of trust for ‘real people’ in real planning processes.     

Agricultural Land in Vietnam: Markets Tempered by Family, Community and Socialist Practices

Since the late 1980s, markets involving agricultural land have emerged in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. One major reason is that collective farms, previously a central feature of the country's political economy, ended. And a major reason for that was villagers' everyday politics gnawed the underpinnings of the collectives until they collapsed. Rural households, for the most part, wanted to farm separately. Today they do. Land is not privatized, however. Farming households have land use rights, not ownership. This tempers markets, as do other conditions arising from contending schools of thought in Vietnam about how land should be used, distributed and regulated.     

Conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania: the case of the Mwangaza B CA farmer field school (FFS), Rhotia Village,Karatu District,Arusha

This project was initiated to promote conservation agriculture (CA) in Tanzania so as to improve the food security and rural livelihood of small- and medium-scale farmers through the scaling-up of CA as a sustainable land management (SLM) tool as well as increasing the numbers of SLM-CA farmer field schools (FFS) in communities. The project had two phases from 2004 to 2010. It was funded by a Government of Germany trust fund and implemented by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the Ministry of Agriculture in Tanzania. The project pilot districts include Arumeru (Arusha and Meru Councils), Karatu, Babati, Hanang and Moshi districts. CA has been shown to offer positive elements that could contribute to fighting hunger and poverty.     

The Real of Community,the Desire for Development and the Performance of Egalitarianism in the Peruvian Andes: A Materialist–Utopian Account

The paper proposes a materialist–utopian perspective for explaining the persistence of community in the Andes by drawing upon Lacanian theory and the thought of the Peruvian Marxist José Carlos Mariátegui. What characterizes the Andean comunidad are not notions of belonging and identity, but the existence of a fundamental antagonism (what I call the ‘Real of community’). The argument unfolds ethnographically. Usibamba, a peasant comunidad in the central Peruvian Andes, is known as a highly egalitarian and disciplined comunidad. However, a disjunction exists between deep‐seated aspirations of justice and egalitarianism and the particularistic interests of families and individuals. This disjunction manifests itself in a contradictory, schizophrenic regime of discipline and negotiation that produces ‘split subjects’. Desiring development and the staging of theatrical performances of egalitarianism enables Usibambinos to deal with this disjunction and to present an image of unity and determination. I conclude that the comunidad persists through ‘impossible political acts’ brought about by a residual but growing category of landless comuneros who constitute ‘the part of no part’, the uncounted or unnamed.     

边缘旅游地开发研究——以赤峰市为例

边缘旅游地正逐渐成为旅游发展研究的热点之一;在阐述边缘旅地形成机理的基础上,分析了赤峰市旅游业边缘化的原因及表现;对边缘旅游地赤峰市的旅游业开发进行可行性分析,提出摆脱旅游业边缘化的对策和措施,强调必须紧紧依托周边京津冀辽等核心旅游地,注重区域间的优势互补,借助周围核心旅游地的优势扩大赤峰市的旅游市场,在边缘地树立大旅游观念,同时依据赤峰市自身的资源优势不断开发特色旅游产品、打造品牌,积极培养优秀的旅游人才。