浅析土地整理对生态环境的影响

土地整理从提出到实施,已经走过了20多年的历程。土地整理实施过程中,偏重于耕地数量和质量的提高,往往忽视了对生态环境的影响。应结合地形、气候、植被等影响因素,做好土地整理可行性研究,并加强生态环境保护。     

基于栅格数据空间分析的土地整理生态评价--以江西省南康市凤岗镇为例

研究目的:土地整理生态评价旨在为优化土地整理规划设计与实施,提高耕地质量提供科学依据.研究方法:以GIS为支撑,建立土地整理生态评价综合评价模型.研究结果:土地整理生态评价为提高土地整理规划设计与项目实施的科学性、针对性奠定了良好的基础.研究结论:利用GIS的空间分析功能,采用栅格作为评价单元,可实现土地整理生态环境的定量评价,为更好地开展土地整理工作提供理论依据和决策支持.     

土地整理不能缺少生态评估--土地整理产业化与ISO14000的关系

改善区域生态环境质量——土地整理的重要目标 　　土地整理是在一定的区域内,按照土地利用总体规划或城市规划所确定的目标和用途,采取行政、经济、法律和工程技术的手段,对土地利用状况进行调整改造、综合整治,提高土地利用率和产出率,改善生产、生活条件和生态环境的过程。土地整理包括农地整理和市地整理。 　　农地整理 (Land Consolidation)是对未利用土地、废弃地、中低产田、闲散地等进行田、水、路、林的综合整治,以提高土地质量,改善农业生产条件和生态环境。市地整理 (Land Readjustment)是对城市边缘地区、城市建成区…     

基于熵权模糊物元模型的土地整理生态环境影响评价——以湖北省老河口市孟楼镇基本农田整理项目为例

在物元分析的基础上结合模糊集概念和熵权理论,以老河口市孟楼镇基本农田整理项目作为评价对象,选取比较有代表性的土地整理项目生态环境影响评价的指标体系,构建基于客观权重和欧氏贴近度的模糊物元的土地整理生态环境影响评价模型.研究表明:老河口市孟楼镇基本农田整理项目生态环境影响属于"较好"级.与其他方法相比,此模型能有效避免权重确定方面主观性较大和评价标准不确定性带来的影响,从而为土地整理生态环境影响的综合评价提供一条新途径.     

土地整理生态环境影响评价

土地整理是一种常见的人类改造地理环境的活动,其目的在于提高土地利用率,满足人类生存和发展的需要.因此探讨土地整理活动对生态环境的影响,对土地资源的合理利用是必要的.从土地整理案例出发,结合目前研究现状,分析土地整理活动中对生态环境造成影响的各个因素,以及它们的作用性质和强度,建立起评价指标体系,并采用层次分析法进行指标量化.运用模糊综合评判方法对案例进行评价,建立起土地整理生态环境影响评价的一般模型.     

土地整理的景观格局与生态效应研究综述

研究目的：从土地整理对景观格局与生态环境的影响两个方面综述国内外的相关研究,并对其趋势进行展望,以期为中国土地整理事业的快速健康发展提供科学依据。研究方法：文献资料法和对比分析法。研究结果：土地整理在有效促进土地资源保护的同时,也会对不同尺度的景观格局和生态效应产生影响。研究结论：国内外土地整理对景观格局与生态效应的研究为我们提供了丰富经验和成果参考,但未来还需从以下几方面进行研究：（1）加强土地整理的景观类型的科学划分;（2）构建与土地整理生态过程相关联的指数集;（3）注重土地整理的多尺度景观格局与生态耦合研究;（4）强化土地整理的景观生态规划和应用。     

浅议土地整理与土地生态保护

目前,一些地方在开展农地整理工作时,片面强调增加耕地面积,改进农业生产条件,提高耕地质量,却忽视了改善区域生态环境的重要性,致使土地整理后的自然生态环境遭到一定程度的破坏,进而危及土地可持续发展和生物多样性。1.土地整理项目忽视生态效益的原因分析。从土地利用总体规划上看。现阶段的土地利用总体规划在制定的时候往往着眼于提高土地的集约利用水平、提高土地的质量、达到土地的适度规模经营、改善生产条件以及提高农村现代化水平等方面,对于土地整理的生态保护这一要求考虑甚少,也缺乏对土地整理规划在生态保护方面的合理性的论…     

土地整理中的生态安全问题

由于我国的土地整理发展比较迟,还存在很多问题,尤其是大多数地区将增加耕地面积作为土地整理的主要目标,而忽略了生态安全建设,进而引发了一些生态问题.运用分析比较、定性与定量相结合等方法分析当前土地整理对生态安全产牛的影响,找出土地整理对生态安全负面影响的根源,并针对这些问题结合实际施上过程提出一些对策和建议.     

土地整理中的生态安全问题研究

土地整理在协调人地关系,实现土地资源优化配置方面具有重要的作用和巨大的发展潜力。然而由于我国的土地整理发展比较迟,还存在很多问题,尤其是大多数地区将增加耕地面积作为土地整理的主要目标,而忽略了生态安全建设,进而引发了一些生态问题。本文主要运用分析比较、定性与定量相结合等方法分析当前土地整理对生态安全产生的影响,找出土地整理对生态安全负面影响的根源,并针对这些问题结合实际施工过程提出一些对策和建议。     

土地整理景观生态评价方法及应用——以江汉平原土地整理项目为例

研究目的:建立土地整理景观生态评价方法,以江汉平原土地整理项目为例,研究土地整理的生态影响.研究方法:景观生态评价法和实证分析法.研究结果:(1)土地整理景观生态评价包括景观分类、数据处理和景观指数选择三方面内容;(2)整体景观尺度上.土地整理后景观变得更规则、结构更简单,但景观多样性下降;(3)景观类型尺度上,土地整理改变了耕地、坑塘、农村居民点、道路及沟渠等景观类型的特性,一方面可提高农田综合生产能力,另一方面,降低了坑塘等景观的生态作用.研究结论:土地整理景观生态评价方法是一种定量反映土地整理生态效应的方法.可为土地整理生态评价提供理论依据和决策支持.     

国土资源与可持续发展

今天 ,我向大家介绍一下我国国土资源的有关情况 ,并与大家一起学习中央关于国土资源管理的重要指示精神。我的介绍分为三个部分 :一是对国土资源重要地位和作用的认识 ;二是对国土资源面临严峻形势的分析 ;三是保护和合理利用国土资源的对策。一、国土资源的重要地位和作用自然资源包括土地资源、矿产资源、海洋资源、水资源、森林资源、草原资源、生物资源、气候资源、能源资源及自然景观旅游资源等十多种。社会生产离不开资源 ,无论生产创造的财富属于哪一个门类 ,其起始点都必定是自然资源。任何一个国家 ,其经济发展的规模、速度以及稳…     

国土资源科技进步与可持续发展

本文探讨了国土资源科技进步与可持续发展的关系 ,科技进步实现我国现阶段可持续发展的途径 ,对可持续发展的未来进行了展望 ,并提出了若干结论和建议。     

保障抗震救灾粮油质量安全的实践与体会

<正>"5·12"特大地震,给四川省粮食系统造成了重大人员伤亡和巨额经济损失,全省21个市州、148个县(市、区)、618个企业遭受了不同程度的破坏和损失,造成的直接和间接经济损失达到140亿     

江苏省地质环境管理改革发展的目标与路径

江苏省现阶段的主要地质环境问题是由自然因素和人为因素造成和引发的。多年来,江苏省地质环境管理取得了很大成绩,但也存在不少问题。新时期加强地质环境管理要根据江苏省的实际,不断深化认识,健全法制,明确责任,突出重点,拓宽地质环境管理思路;要从政府、企业和社会三方面着手,构建保障社会科学发展的地质环境管理新机制,全面推进地质环境管理改革,为江苏省现代化建设"两个率先"的宏伟目标服务。     

Similarities and dissimilarities between the EU agricultural and rural development model and Romanian agriculture. Challenges and perspectives

The main aims of this study are to highlight the differences and the similarities between the European model of agricultural and rural development, and the state of play in the Romanian agricultural sector. Statistically speaking, the agricultural sector's indicators of the past two decades place Romania outside the family picture of the EU countries, with very slight resemblances, and very strong discrepancies between their economic, technical, and institutional characteristics. At present, competition-wise, farming and farmers in Romania are still strongly disfavoured in relation to their competitors in the old EU Member States. In Romania, the economic and institutional mechanisms have most often been devised to the disadvantage of agricultural production, by claiming that subsistence farming would be the sustainable way, and by channelling the added value to other sectors. An option to continue the agricultural policies of the past decades and to abandon the national support lent to agriculture would be particularly risky through its unpredictable and incalculable social and economic effects.     

Technical and Organizational Change and Economies of Scale and Scope in Developing Countries

This article examines the impact of flexible automation (FA) and associated organizational techniques on scale and scope economies and optimal scale. It is based on an in-depth survey of 62 engineering firms in Brazil, India, Mexico, Thailand, Turkey and Venezuela. The paper finds that the replacement of old, mainly conventional, machine tools and transfer lines by new computer-numerically-controlled machine tools and related FA has resulted in lower economical batch sizes and the manufacturing of growing variety, making it possible to reap economies of scope. Scale and scope economies at product level have, however, reinforced scale economies at plant level, resulting in higher levels of optimal output. The main factors accounting for such impact are the reduction in the number of operations required, the improved efficiency and accuracy of the new technologies and the much higher capital fixed costs vis-a ¤ -vis the technologies that were replaced. Higher plant scales could limit the potential for industrialization in developing countries.     

Land use planning and health and well-being

This paper is concerned with the relationship between the planning of settlements and health. It gives a brief introduction to the issues before summarising the evidence in relation to a range of topics, concluding with some more speculative thoughts on likely future findings.Modern planning was invented in response to inhumane living conditions in 19th century cities. But in the last century the connection was lost. Only now, with concerns over climate change and obesity, is there beginning to be the realisation that the physical environment is an important determinant of health.The paper uses a particular model of this relationship based on eco-system and health determinants theories to structure the review of evidence. The review covers: lifestyle choices in relation to physical activity and diet, mental well-being and community, the local economy and income, health inequalities and strategic land use transport planning, pollution and urban form, and finally impacts on global ecology.There is now a growing consensus that while personal factors are critical in determining health, the urban environment exacerbates or mitigates health and well-being outcomes.The level of active travel (walking and cycling) and outdoor recreational activity is strongly affected by accessibility to local facilities. Access to green, natural environments, and to local social networks, are factors in mental well-being. The wider sub-regional pattern of housing, economic development, land use and transport is a determinant of social exclusion and therefore health inequalities. It also affects health-damaging pollution, adaptability in the face of climate change and the level of carbon dioxide emissions.We have literally been building unhealthy conditions into many of our towns and cities. But comparisons with the best cities in Europe indicate that it is possible to reverse the less desirable trends. Success depends, however, on more radical policies of local authority control over land and finance than any political party has yet advocated. It also requires collaboration between the full range of powerful public and private organizations that influence the built environment.Future research is likely to further strengthen these conclusions. It will become much more obvious that planning for health and well-being is not only the NHS, but about creating a health-promoting physical, social and economic environment.