棋盘式优势产业集群的网络创新发展思路——以武汉光电子产业为例

棋盘式产业集群是指众多规模不等的企业交叉联系,聚集在一起形成的产业集群,武汉“光谷”是棋盘式集群的典型代表.棋盘式产业集群,特别是其中的高新产业集群应强调其创新能力的培育,据此本文提出网络创新培育思路.网络创新培育方案强调的是区域创新能力,企业、科研单位、地方政府、商会都是培育主体,强调微观经济的商务环境,有针对提高集群而不是个别大企业(或部门)竞争力的长期议程,强调地方或区域的本地化和根植性,促进集群企业联网、建立信誉并加强对话以形成溢出效应,混合大企业和中小企业的参与,并形成政府、产业界、学术界的伙伴关系.     

棋盘式优势产业集群的网络创新发展思路——以武汉光电子产业为例

棋盘式产业集群是指众多规模不等的企业交叉联系,聚集在一起形成的产业集群,武汉“光谷”是棋盘式集群的典型代表.棋盘式产业集群,特别是其中的高新产业集群应强调其创新能力的培育,据此本文提出网络创新培育思路.网络创新培育方案强调的是区域创新能力,企业、科研单位、地方政府、商会都是培育主体,强调微观经济的商务环境,有针对提高集群而不是个别大企业(或部门)竞争力的长期议程,强调地方或区域的本地化和根植性,促进集群企业联网、建立信誉并加强对话以形成溢出效应,混合大企业和中小企业的参与,并形成政府、产业界、学术界的伙伴关系.     

产业集群创新的区域金融扶持体系研究:宁波案例

企业是创新的主体，创新是产业集群竞争力的重要源泉，也是区域竞争力的核心。要提高产业集群的创新能力，应当依据产业集群融资的特点，加快金融体制改革和创新步伐，探索和研究扶持产业集群创新的区域金融体系。     

产业集群对区域经济发展的推动作用

产业集群作为一种新的生产与流通的组织行形式,是当前是研究较多的一个课题,产业集群何如作用于区域经济的发展,提高区域经济的竞争力是本文主要探讨的问题,文章主要从产业集群对推动区内企业的学习效应,提高集群内资源的配置力,推动组织和制度创新等方面来分析产业集群对区域经济发展的推动作用.     

创新集群的竞争优势与创新驱动发展新战略

本文从集群的概念和内涵出发,着重论述了创新集群的竞争优势以及集群战略对区域经济发展的意义.文章指出,产业集群是一种全新的产业组织形式、是一个特殊的社会生产系统、是一个区域创新系统,它具有规模、创新、资源和组织等方面的优势,这是发展产业集群的意义所在.作者认为,集群战略是区域经济发展的新战略,因为创新集群是国家与区域创新系统的一种重要实现方式,它有利于培育与提升产业竞争优势、推动地方经济增长、促进中小企业发展.     

提升我国中小企业集群竞争力的策略研究

中小企业集群能给中小企业带来区域创新优势、区域成本优势、区位品牌优势、产品差异化优势等竞争优势,故成为前人研究的热点,本文则选择我国中小企业集群竞争力作为研究基点,通过对我国中小企业集群现状的分析,提出了提升我国中小企业集群竞争力的基本策略,如:强化集群内企业创新能力的培育,优化集群组织结构,培育集群资源整合能力等。     

内蒙古稀土产业集群化成长的要素及其培育途径

产业集群以其在拉动区域经济增长中的重要作用而受到国内外的广泛关注。当前，内蒙古稀土产业集群发展还处于雏形阶段，发展总体形势良好，但也面临着一些困难和问题，可通过以下途径加快培育西部稀土产业集群：培育核心企业是加快西部稀土产业集群形成与发展的关键；进一步完善多元化的人才聚集和培养机制；构建西部稀土产业集群化的创新网络体系；建立加快稀土企业发展的金融支撑体系；有效发挥政府在产业集群发展中的公共服务功能。     

江西中小企业产业集群发展现状和策略探析

中小企业目前已经成为江西省扩大就业的重要渠道。江西要加快区域经济增长,实现在中部崛起的经济目标,就必须实行产业集群发展战略。江西各地工业园区中小企业产业集群发展不平衡,集群发展存在问题。要正确处理好市场主导与政府引导的关系;加强与知名核心企业的联系;政府要通过减少行政审批、降低各项收费来完善中小企业服务体系的同时,加强对企业的合作创新观念的引导,建立完善的产学研结合的创新体系,建立创新的保障机制,加强对中小企业集群的区域品牌建设,引导产业集聚。     

广深金融服务业集群特征、效应与策略研究

金融服务业集群作为新兴的经济现象,能够为区域经济发展提供持久的竞争动力.广州、深圳作为华南地区的中心城市,吸引了大批金融企业到此集聚,形成规模庞大的金融服务业集群.本文基于两地金融服务业集群的现状与特点,利用波特的集群理论,从竞争效应、成本效应等五方面来探讨两地金融服务业的集群效应,分析两地金融服务业在集群过程中各自的...     

激励集群企业创新的财税政策研究

产业集群的组织特征与地理邻近等为群内企业的创新活动提供了优势,但是现实中我国大部分集群并没有充分发挥这一优势。本文在分析集群企业创新优势来源、我国集群企业创新中存在的问题及政策需求分析的基础上,探讨通过相应的财税政策体系对集群整体与集群企业个体两个层面进行干预,从而改变集群创新环境、提升创新功能,解决集群企业创新过程中面临的共性问题,让集群企业愿意创新、有能力创新也敢于创新。同时,结合财税政策工具的优缺点,对政策的运用与组合提出建议,旨在形成激励集群企业创新的政策合力。     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.