会计目标与会计环境逻辑关系剖析

本文在剖析了政治、经济、文化、教育、法律等几大环境因素对会计目标的具体影响后指出 ,会计环境对会计目标的影响是分层次、分程度的 ,政治因素和法律因素主要影响会计目标的存在 ,经济因素主要影响会计目标的定位。当一个国家决定构建本国的会计目标时 ,应主要考虑经济因素。本文在最后粗犷地勾勒了会计环境因素与会计目标之间的逻辑关系 ,并简要描述了我国经济环境的特征及我国会计目标的定位     

浅谈对会计目标的认识

本文在对会计目标、会计任务和会计职能认识的基础上,详尽的分析影响我国会计目标定位的因素,并根据会计目标提出的相应的监管体系。     

浅析我国事业单位的会计管理

我国会计环境与国外存在较大差异,在会计研究方面不可能照搬国外的研究成果,深入进行会计目标研究成为我国会计界理论研究的重要课题.本文着重在对会计目标和相关影响因素的一般认识的基础上,详尽地分析了影响我国会计目标定位的几大因素,并据此推出了我国会计目标的定位.     

浅析我国事业单位的会计管理

我国会计环境与国外存在较大差异，在会计研究方面不可能照搬国外的研究成果，深入进行会计目标研究成为我国会计界理论研究的重要课题。本文着重在对会计目标和相关影响因素的一般认识的基础上，详尽地分析了影响我国会计目标定位的几大因素，并据此推出了我国会计目标的定位。     

关于会计目标定位的思考

本文在详细梳理了国内外现有会计目标定位主流观点及存在的问题基础上,采用系统分析的方法,将会计目标定位问题视为一个系统(称为会计目标定位系统),探讨了会计目标定位系统的构成要素及其结构,揭示了会计目标定位系统的演化规律及其与会计信息子系统的结构、功能和目标之间的内在关系,提出了会计目标定位的系统观。即业主制企业的会计目标定位是:服务管理观;合伙制企业或有限责任公司的会计目标定位是:基础目标是服务管理观,主导目标是受托责任观;股份上市公司的会计目标定位是:基础目标的基础目标是服务管理观,基础目标是受托责任观,主导目标是决策有用观。在此基础上,得出了会计的原本目标是服务管理观,而受托责任观、决策有用观均是在会计信息系统由业主制企业会计,进化到合伙制及股份上市公司会计过程中,在服务管理观基础上逐渐产生的会计目标;受托责任观和决策有用观之间的关系,也只有在会计信息系统进化到股份上市公司会计的条件下才有可能出现的问题,且它们之间在结构上是对立与同一,功能上是基础与主导的关系等几条重要结论。     

对我国会计目标定位的思考

会计目标指导着经济活动的发展并对其发展具有重要作用。会计目标有受托责任观和决策有用观两种观点。会计环境是影响会计目标定位的主导因素,而不同的会计信息使用者对会计信息的不同需求也对会计目标产生影响。本文通过对两种观点的分析,结合具体的会计环境分析,思考我国现阶段会计目标的定位及发展趋势。     

论中国会计目标定位

本文在总结两种会计目标观念的基础上,根据目标的基本特性具体考虑了会计目标应具备的基本特征和约束会计目标的条件,并结合中国会计环境的现状,指出我国的会计目标决非是在"受托责任观"和"决策有用观"间选其一的问题,中国的会计目标将是一个战略选择的过程,应该根据具体社会经济环境,根据会计信息市场的供求状况,进行不同时期的战略定位.     

新准则下我国会计目标定位问题的思考

会计目标定位理论是会计研究的起点,也一直是会计界关注和讨论的重点课题。本文介绍了目前业内关于会计目标的两种主要观点--受托责任观和决策有用观,分析了影响会计目标定位的一系列因素,并指出新准则下会计目标的定位。最后提出了关于我国现阶段会计目标合理定位的若干思考。     

对我国财务会计目标定位思考

摘要：决策有用观和受托责任观是财务会计目标理论有两大观点：由于我国市场经济环境的特殊性,财务会计目标的确定受到会计环境的影响。使得对我国会计界理论的研究成为深入进行会计目标研究的重点。文章主要从财务会计目标基本理论出发,提出了我国财务会计目标的定位并分析了影响我国财务会计目标的几大因素。长期以来构建财务会计概念框架的逻辑起点是财务会计目标,一直是会计界关注和讨论的重要课题。     

我国政府会计目标定位研究

本文从分析我国政府会计环境入手,剖析了对我国政府会计目标定位影响较大的政府资源来源、财政管理体制、政治体制和市场经济等环境因素,并由此归纳了我国政府会计信息的主要使用者及其对信息的需求,最终提出了我国政府会计的目标定位。     

Disharmony in international accounting standards setting: The Chinese approach to accounting for business combinations

The paper addresses two distinct aspects of disharmony in international accounting standards setting. The first aspect relates to the political economic context of financial accounting standards. This is illustrated by the Chinese standards setters’ decision to allow the pooling of interests method of accounting for business combinations despite the prohibition of this method by both the FASB and the IASB. This decision by the Chinese standards setters appears to have been based on political economic factors related to the need for industrial reorganization in China rather than a desire to serve the needs of global capital markets. The second aspect of disharmony relates to the role played by differential understandings of the fundamental objectives of financial reporting in an international context. The IASB's goal of producing one set of global accounting standards to serve the needs of global capital markets has led to a reduction in the number of permissible accounting methods and a move towards the fair value accounting model. In particular, the IASB concluded that the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations should be the only method allowed for business combinations. In contrast, the Chinese standards setters have recognized the existence of both mergers and acquisitions, and in response they created two different methods of accounting for business combinations. Effectively, the Chinese standards setters developed an alternative approach to accounting for business combinations which challenges the IASB's goal of achieving international accounting convergence through the fair value model.     

The Nature and Rationale of a Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting by Islamic Banks

Islamic banks have to abide by the revealed doctrines in Islam in conducting their business and financial transactions. They employ in-house religious advisers—often referred to as Shari'a Supervisory Board (SSB)—who issue a special report to inform users of financial statements whether or not the bank has adhered to the Islamic principles. Recently, a private standard-setting body—the Financial Accounting Organization for Islamic Banks and Financial Institutions (FAOIBFI)—has been set up to externally regulate the financial reporting by Islamic banks. The FAOIBFI has published two statements on the objectives and concepts of financial reporting to act as a framework in setting accounting standards for Islamic banks. This paper examines the FAOIBFI's approach for developing objectives and concepts of financial accounting and investigates its need for such a theoretical framework. It is argued that the FAOIBFI's objectives and concepts would not be useful in mandating accounting standards on issues that are affected by religious ruling. This does not necessarily mean that such a framework may not be useful in legitimating the FAOIBFI's role and in setting accounting standards for issues that are not governed by revealed moral doctrines although it will be subject to similar limitations to those found by other standard-setting bodies in utilising and applying their framework. However, it implies that the more the FAOIBFI sets accounting standards that incorporate religious ruling, the less it would tend to find its own objectives and concepts useful. The ambiguities that may arise from different interpretations of the religious rules will require resolutions primarily by reference to religious rather than accounting authority.     

The impact of introductory accounting courses on student perceptions about the purpose of accounting information and the objectives of business: A comparison of the UK and Japan

This paper is concerned with the impact of introductory financial accounting courses on student perceptions of business objectives. The paper reports the results of a questionnaire survey of UK and Japanese university students which investigated their views at the start and end of an introductory financial accounting module. The views of Japanese students, in comparison with those from the UK, are of particular interest given evidence in the literature that traditional “social market” traditions in Japan are being influenced by Anglo-American “stock market” values. Our results are consistent with such a phenomenon in that Japanese students’ values regarding business objectives show significant changes that are not mirrored by changes in the perceptions of their UK counterparts. We suggest that accounting education is acting as a conduit for views more commonly held in Anglo-American societies.     

Out-West Products, Inc.: A financial modeling and decision analysis case

The Out-West Products, Inc. instructional case requires students to build a comprehensive financial model to support planning and decision-making. Part 1 of this team-oriented Excel project requires students to construct a baseline model, while Part 2 provides sensitivity analysis and decision-making extensions. The case incorporates cost-volume-profit, accounting income versus cash flow, and benchmarking analyses. Case objectives provide students with a realistic financial modeling experience that includes: building models; linking data across financial statements; testing solutions and analyzing scenarios; and improving critical thinking skills. These objectives closely align to the AICPA Core Competency Framework for Entry into the Accounting Profession. The case can be used in introductory and upper-division managerial accounting, upper-division cost accounting, and MBA managerial accounting courses, and can be modularized to achieve instructor-specific objectives.     

财务会计目标之透视

财务会计目标是会计准则的基石,用来指引整个财务会计概念框架和会计准则体系的构建,在会计准则制定工作中起重要的导航作用。本文在对财务会计目标综述的基础上,分析了我国会计环境对财务会计目标的影响;进一步明确了在我国目前的会计环境下,财务会计目标应定位于"决策有用观+受托责任观"。     

建立我国独立税务会计的思考

目前,我国实行的财务会计与税务会计的混合模式,影响了财务会计信息和税务会计信息的质量,进而影响了会计目标的实现,因此,我国应尽快确立以所得税和增值税为主体的复合制独立税务会计模式,构建我国税务会计概念框架,建立我国税务会计账簿体系.     

创新与趋同相结合的一项准则——评我国新颁布的《企业会计准则——基本准则》

2006年2月15日颁布的《企业会计准则——基本准则》,把创新与趋同结合起来,是协调、连贯和内在一致的规则。基本准则暗含着若干会计基本假设,明确了财务报告的目标和会计信息质量要求。它把会计要素的定义同确认结合起来表述。它使我国会计界耳目一新,并在国际会计惯例趋同方面前进了重要的一步。     

全球视角下的金融会计教育：课程改革和能力培养

全球经济的一体化促成了以金融自由化为主轴的金融改革和公司改革。伴随着这场全球范围内的金融革命,中国经济将更快地融入到开放的世界金融体系中。中国资本市场的国际化必将推动我国会计改革的国际化进程。为了应对金融改革和会计改革的全球化趋势,金融会计教育也应进行以全球化为导向的教学改革。     

THE CHINESE SECURITIES REGULATORY COMMISSION AND THE REGULATION OF CAPITAL MARKETS IN CHINA

The rapid development of China’s capital markets necessitated the establishment of a regulatory agency that would administer market operations and protect investors’ interests. The Chinese Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) was established in 1992 for this purpose. In 1999, the Chinese Securities Law recognized the CSRC as the sole regulatory agency responsible for regulating securities instruments and markets in China. Although the CSRC is considered instrumental to Chinese accounting reforms and capital market development, it has remained relatively unexamined in the accounting literature. This paper contributes to the accounting literature by providing insight into an important regulatory agency that has enormous impact on the economic development of China. Specifically, this paper discusses the CSRC’s establishment and development, its regulatory efforts, and its achievements and shortcomings in its efforts to regulate China’s emerging capital markets. The underlying factors that explain some of the CSRC’s regulatory actions are also analyzed by discussing several cases involving fraudulent financial reporting.