濮阳互助金融制度的建立与变革

正濮阳市农村贷款互助合作社(以下简称"助贷社"),是中国社会科学院贫困问题研究中心与濮阳市政府共同核准成立的小额信贷试验项目。自2006年7月注册成立以来,得到了地方党政部门、社会各界大力支持,以及学术界、金融界和"三农"领域专家学者的不断指导。助贷社组建了一个立志服务农村基层金融、打造普惠金融体系的实践团队,组织培训难以获得正规金融机构支持的弱势民众和小微型企业,通过"小额信贷(经济活动)     

成立农户自立服务社探索小额信贷扶贫新路子

福建省福安市于2001年成立农户自立服务社,采取"小额信贷、整贷零还、五户联保、小组互助、技术服务"的运作模式,开展小额信贷扶贫,实现了扶贫由"输血"向"造血"的转变,探索出一条在市场经济体制下,为贫困人口提供有效信贷服务的同时实现信贷机构自身可持续发展的新路子。     

濮阳市农村贷款互助合作社财务可持续性分析

正机构情况总览基本财务情况濮阳市农村贷款互助合作社(以下简称"助贷社")自成立以来,总资产、贷款笔数和贷款余额持续大幅增加,从2008年开始,助贷社开始转亏为盈,业务量在2009年实现大幅度跃升。2009年助贷社进入城市,成立市社,努力从城市吸引投资资金,引资助农,带动城乡进一步互动。其总资产从2006年底不到60万元,到2011年9月底超过1.1亿元,累计扩张190.3倍。同时,累计还款率一直很高,只在2008年、2009年贷款总额成倍扩大     

国际小额信贷发展的历史经验

本文考察了国际小额信贷的典型案例,并简要梳理了不同模式间的差异,以此为中国小额信贷的可持续发展提供参考。小额贷款公司是中国特色的小额信贷模式。结合中国国情,在国际小额信贷发展的制度主义的主流框架下,本文提出有关小贷公司发展的三个方向:一是发展成村镇银行等新型金融机构;二是发展成互助基金;三是坚守纯粹的企业性质的金融服务机构,在国家有关优惠政策的指导和激励下,切实服务好"三农"。     

商业

<正>头条"2015年中国小额信贷峰会"在京举办12月1日,由中国小额信贷联盟(简称小贷联盟)联合中国县镇经济交流促进会(简称县镇经济促进会)举办的"2015年中国小额信贷峰会暨中国小额信贷联盟十周年年会"系列活动在京举办。峰会意在回顾小额信贷十年发展经验和教训,探讨未来发展方向和战略,对一些问题形成行业共识,从而为下一个十年发展做好准备。与会者认为,应该尽快打造适合小额信贷发展的金融生态环境,建立和完善     

浅议我国农村小额信贷业可持续发展的模式选择

我国小额信贷业尚处于起步阶段,但在东南亚及拉丁美洲很多国家的微贷业已经发展到相当成熟的阶段;这些国家确保微贷业可持续发展的成功经验是经营商业化、利率市场化和风险控制完善化。当前发展小额信贷业可以有效地缓解我国城市流动性过剩和农村流动性不足的问题,促进"三农"发展。本文着重梳理了国际上微贷业发展的成功经验,以期为我国小额信贷业的发展有所贡献。     

国际小额信贷发展的历史经验

本文考察了国际小额信贷的典型案例,并简要梳理了不同模式间的差异,以此为中国小额信贷的可持续发展提供参考.小额贷款公司是中国特色的小额信贷模式.结合中国国情,在国际小额信贷发展的制度主义的主流框架下,本文提出有关小贷公司发展的三个方向:一是发展成村镇银行等新型金融机构;二是发展成互助基金;三是坚守纯粹的企业性质的金融服务机构,在国家有关优惠政策的指导和激励下,切实服务好“三农”.     

"小额信贷+保险"服务模式有待完善

"小额信贷+保险"将个人信用与信贷额度、风险控制能力在实务操作中加以综合运用,是农村小额信贷的一种捆绑经营模式. "小额信贷+保险"信贷产品的发展现状     

商业化小额信贷公司融资渠道研究——以温州为例

小额信贷公司作为一种新型金融组织,是向农户和中小微企业等提供贷款的公司,也是促进民间资本阳光化和加快"三农"发展的主要途径。但伴随小额信贷公司信贷规模的不断扩展,小额信贷开始遭遇"无钱可贷"的境地,故如何解决融资难课题的研究迫在眉睫。鉴于此,本文首先从国内外对小额信贷的研究现状入手,分析温州商业化小额信贷公司融资渠道现状,提出思考建议,以期对温州商业化小额信贷公司的发展有所借鉴。     

会泽县小额信贷发挥"四两拨千斤"的作用

近年来,云南省会泽县针对自身贫困面大、贫困程度较深的现状,在全县范围内大力推广小额信贷扶贫工作.为使广大农民群众"贷得到、用得上、还得了",该县财政局、扶贫办、县妇联及各乡镇不断加强小额信贷资金的管理,使小额信贷充分发挥出面向贫困人口、贷款自愿、项目自选、管理自治、小额短期、整贷零还、利息贴差等优点,现已成为该县广大农民群众极易接受和见效较快的扶贫方式.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.