基于模糊综合评价的政府会计准则基本准则评价

政府会计概念框架有助于丰富政府会计理论、指导政府会计准则、促进政府会计国际趋同。因此,有必要对政府会计概念框架进行评价,找出关键因素并予以重视,以保证政府会计概念框架的质量,为我国形成完善的政府会计准则奠定基础。首先分析影响政府会计概念框架的因素,构建政府会计概念框架评价指标体系,再采用模糊综合评价法进行评价,基于评价结果提出完善概念框架的建议。     

基于模糊综合评价的政府会计准则基本准则评价

政府会计概念框架有助于丰富政府会计理论、指导政府会计准则、促进政府会计国际趋同。因此，有必要对政府会计概念框架进行评价．找出关键因素并予以重视，以保证政府会计概念框架的质量．为我国形成完善的政府会计准则奠定基础。首先分析影响政府会计概念框架的因素，构建政府会计概念框架评价指标体系，再采用模糊综合评价法进行评价，基于评价结果提出完善概念框架的建议。     

政府会计二元结构体系中的概念框架研究

我国理论界已达成"政府会计由预算会计和财务会计两大相对独立的系统构成"的新共识。政府会计二元结构格局的形成决定了人们迫切需要运用二元结构思维重新考究政府会计概念框架的构建,以指引即将展开的政府会计改革。二元结构新理念可以融入政府会计目标、政府会计核算对象与适用范围、政府会计主体、政府会计信息质量特征、政府会计核算基础与计量属性、政府会计要素、政府财务报告等概念框架及其表现形式之中,进而形成新的政府会计概念框架体系。     

论中国政府会计概念框架的选择

对政府会计概念框架具体要素的选择进行研究将有助于推进政府会计改革和提升公共治理效率。本文借鉴已有的理论研究成果和国际组织及改革先行国家的实践经验,探讨我国政府会计概念框架结构选择,并对概念框架各个具体要素的内容提出我们的观点,试图为我国政府会计改革以及服务于透明高效政府的建设提供有益参考。     

政府会计与企业会计:概念框架差异与启示——基于IPSASB与IASB最新研究成果的分析

政府会计与企业会计在技术层面具有较多的共性,因此,政府会计概念框架的研究可以借鉴企业会计已有的成果。然而,由于政府(公共部门)环境与企业环境存在显著的差异,政府会计概念框架体系的构建不能直接移植企业会计的相关理念。本文以国际公共部门会计准则理事会与国际会计准则理事会最新发布的关于会计概念框架的有关文献为基础,试图比较并分析政府会计与企业会计之间的共性与特性,为我国未来政府会计改革借鉴企业会计改革经验提出建议与启示。     

关于政府会计管理模式的研究报告（二）——政府会计准则设计

所谓"准则",是人们和行动等所依据的原则。我们设计的政府会计准则,类似于我国企业会计基本准则。这个准则,应体现概念框架的要求,但不受概念框架的局限;既要具有统领性、统一性、覆盖性,又要具有前瞻性。其主要内容,应强调下列十个方面。一、政府会计适用范围目前,政府会计主体与其他不适用政府会计的会计     

国家治理视角的政府会计概念框架

政府会计是国家治理的基石和重要组成部分,其概念框架要服从和服务于国家治理。政府会计概念框架中的政府会计目标、政府会计信息质量特征、政府会计主体、政府会计基础、政府会计对象与要素、确认与计量、政府会计财务报告等都应该依据服从和服务于国家治理的要求加以界定。     

构建政府会计概念框架研究

建立以政府会计目标为逻辑起点的政府会计概念框架，是政府会计理论建设的需要，是制定政府会计管理模式的需要，也是中国与国际政府会计协调的需要。本文拟就如何建立政府会计概念框架的几个主要问题．谈些看法。     

浅谈我国会计概念框架的构建

从世界经济的发展趋势来看,构建财务会计概念框架已经成为国际会计协调化的大方向,也是我国进行会计改革的主要任务。在现有环境约束下,构建财务会计概念框架是一种制度均衡,但会计环境的差异决定了我国在制定财务会计概念框架过程中不能完全照搬美国的“综合模式”或国际会计准则委员会的“简约模式”,而必须结合我国具体的会计环境制定相应的财务会计概念框架。     

论现代政府会计

经济体制改革推动政府职能转换，企业会计改革推动政府会计改革。在我国迈进WTO的门槛后，如何建立现代政府会计、构建适应我国国情的政府会计概念框架，是一个值得探讨的问题。     

Converging New Public Management Reforms and Diverging Accounting Practices in Flemish Local Governments

This paper aims at presenting a comparative study of the diverging development of accounting reforms in Flemish local governments in terms of accounting from a technical point of view. On the one hand, the objectives and the framework of current governmental accounting reforms aiming at improving New Public Management are currently converging. On the other hand, a conceptual examination reveals that the prescribed accounting practices are widely diverging and apparently this is also the case for the practical implementation of the reformed accounting systems. By way of conclusion, a number of possible reasons for this unsuccessful proliferation are presented.     

政府会计环境与政府会计改革研究:回顾和展望

影响政府会计改革的环境因素问题是“政府会计国际比较研究”(CIGAR)中的重要命题。政府会计环境的变化是政府会计改革的动因,并且能有效地评价政府会计改革的可行性和可操作性。本文对这一领域相关研究文献进行归纳和分析,目的是勾勒出此类研究的框架,以明晰研究思路,更好地指导未来的研究。     

Governmental Accounting in Spain and the European Monetary Union: A Critical Perspective

During the last twenty-five years, the changes in Spanish accounting have been radical and significant, especially since 1986 when Spain joined the European Union. Those changes were first introduced in business accounting, following the patterns of the Fourth Directive, but governmental accounting has also been affected by structural reforms that have modified the financial reporting system, the accounting standards and the accounting principles to be applied. However, the governmental accounting system needs further improvement, particularly given the EMU framework and the relationship between governmental accounting and national accounting.     

The Conceptual Framework as a Coherent System for the Development of Accounting Standards

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) visualized a conceptual accounting framework as a 'coherent system of interrelated objectives and fundamentals that can lead to consistent standards that prescribes the nature, function, and limits of financial accounting and financial statements' (FASB, 1976). To Australian standard setters, the primary purpose of the conceptual framework (CF) was only to be used as a 'guide' in developing and reviewing accounting standards (AASB, 1995, para. 5). The International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) diminished the role of a conceptual framework even further by openly acknowledging that some standards are inconsistent with the guidelines offered by the framework (IASC, 1989 para. 12). Even though the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) supposedly pursues a policy of harmonization of conceptual frameworks and accounting standards, there are also acknowledged inconsistencies in the conceptual frameworks of the IASC.
The aim of this article is to assess the coherence of the Australian (and IASC) conceptual framework. This analysis identifies confusion in drafting or construction of the conceptual framework, internal inconsistencies, and inconsistency with the legal framework within which business entities operate. Accordingly it is suggested that the adoption of a conceptual framework will not lead to consistent accounting standards, and inevitably the conceptual framework will lack credibility so long as it is inconsistent with legislation.     

Development of Accounting Regulatory Framework in China: An Empirical Evaluation

In China, the government has long been involved in directly regulating accounting work. The rule-based accounting regulations have been formulated for different industry and business ownership structure by the central government since the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949. Remarkable changes have, however, taken place in Chinese accounting which have resulted from the wide-ranged economic and accounting reforms in the last two decades. Recently, an accounting regulatory framework based on accounting standards has been introduced, with great efforts to develop a set of practical accounting standards. A survey study was conducted to empirically investigate the prevailing perceptions of the users and providers of business accounting in respect of four major conceptual and practical issues underlying the construction of the accounting regulatory framework in the changing business environment in China. The study results demonstrate that the respondents from various interest groups possessed mixed views. They generally endorsed the current progress in the accounting reforms. On the other hand, the majority of the respondents were supportive of further changes in reshaping accounting regulatory framework to accommodate the growth of market-oriented economy in China.     

我国国际化会计人才的概念框架、培养模式与质量提升

在中国经济全球化发展过程中,国际化会计人才的培养是我国会计事业发展的重大任务。首先,本文在阐释国际化会计人才培养的概念内涵与基本目标、构建国际化会计人才培养概念框架并简述国内外相关研究的基础上,将改革开放四十年来我国国际化会计人才培养划分为探索学习期、市场发展期、国际趋同期和全球机遇期四个阶段;其次,总结了我国在会计准则全面持续趋同、国家人才战略实施、国际化会计人才培养和国家经济全球化发展等方面取得的丰硕成果,提出了以国际需求拉动、国家战略引领、国际广泛合作、院校倾力培养和社会积极参与为基本特点的我国国际化会计人才培养"五环模式";最后,基于利益相关者视角分析了我国国际化会计人才培养面临的主要挑战,探讨了国际化会计人才的质量提升战略举措。     

基于IASB概念框架的可靠性质量特征之认识理性——一个经济学视角的分析与讨论

2010年IASB修订IASC时期制定的概念框架,将可靠性质量特征修改为"如实表述",同时放弃审慎性和实质重于形式这两个可靠性质量特征的指导性标准,意图增加财务报告的透明度与相关性。在我国会计准则与国际趋同日益成为现实的大背景下,有必要明确可靠性在财务会计信息质量中的地位及其去留问题。从经济学视角分析,可靠性与相关性关系变迁具有逻辑上的理性轨迹,从强调相关性到突出可靠性应为一个理性回归。建立可靠性质量特征之认识理性的现实意义在于,对IASB修订概念框架的意图与后果作出理论研究层面的讨论。     

Reciprocal and Non-Reciprocal Transactions: The FASB's Stock-Based Compensation Project

Whether the FASB's conceptual framework can be used to derive accounting treatments has been debated. Mozes (1998) argued that the conceptual framework's high level of abstraction meant that several alternative views were possible for the treatment of stock-based compensation and that this was unhelpful. This article identifies a problem at the abstract level of the conceptual framework that requires resolution before Mozes' proposals to remedy the high level of abstraction may be acted upon—the inappropriateness of the conceptual framework's distinction between liabilities and equity. The conceptual framework is clear that equity transactions are non-reciprocal but the accounting treatment to be derived from this view is unacceptable and was not presented as an option in the stock-based compensation project. Instead, the FASB's basis for conclusions is based on reciprocal transactions, disguising the inappropriateness of the conceptual framework's definitions. Failure to revise the conceptual framework leaves the FASB, and other standard-setting bodies drawing on the FASB's concepts, open to developing serious inconsistencies in other pro-jects where the distinction between liabilities and equity is important, and without conceptual support for their stance on stock-based compensation.