信息透明度对审计收费影响的实证研究

本研究将信息透明度纳入审计费用的研究范围之内,考察我国创业板上市公司信息透明度与审计费用的相关关系,并结合两者的关系提出了一些政策建议方面的思考。实证研究结果表明,我国创业板上市公司信息透明度与审计收费之间存在显著负相关关系,即信息透明度越高,审计收费往往越低。     

公司治理机制对公司透明度的影响——来自中国上市公司的经验数据

越来越多的国家把公司透明度作为衡量公司治理效率的标志 ,并为提高企业透明度做出了种种努力。中国同样面临提高公司透明度的问题 ,然而截至目前 ,国内并没有关于企业透明度与公司治理机制之间关系的实证研究。本文以我国上市公司作为研究对象 ,以自愿性信息披露水平作为公司透明度的替代变量 ,分析了公司治理机制对公司透明度的影响。     

公司透明度与股价波动同步性的相关性研究

本文选取2001-2007年在深交所上市的所有A股上市公司为研究样本,以深交所的信息披露评级指标作为公司信息透明度的度量指标,在此基础上,考察公司透明度对股价波动同步性的影响。实证结果表明,随着公司信息透明度的改善,股价同波动性不断下降,但各信用评级等级之间的股价同波动性差异并不高。本文给出了可能的分析解释,并指出了下一步深入研究的方向。     

地区腐败与公司透明度的关系研究——基于省际面板数据的分析

公司透明度的提高是资本市场有序健康发展的关键。本文从外部治理环境下的地区腐败的角度对公司透明度进行研究。通过来自《中国检察年鉴》以及深圳证券交易所的上市公司信息披露考评报告的数据进行实证研究,本文得出地区腐败程度与公司透明度呈负相关关系的结论,据此提出从腐败治理的路径改善公司透明度的建议。     

机构共同持股与公司透明度

随着我国资本市场的发展,监管机构和市场投资者对上市公司信息披露的质量提出更高要求,而作为重要的利益相关者,共同机构投资者连结企业之间的经济关联在资本市场中越来越常见,探讨机构共同持股对公司透明度的影响对于完善和发展我国证券市场具有深刻意义。本文以2007－2019年A股上市公司为研究样本,考察机构共同持股对公司透明度的影响。实证结果表明,机构共同持股能够显著提高公司透明度。同时,进一步研究发现,机构共同持股通过减少恶性竞争、降低披露的专有成本和缓解代理问题,降低代理成本这两条路径提高公司透明度。在国有企业、创新型企业中,机构共同持股更能提高公司透明度。本文结论为推进股票发行注册制,进一步完善以信息披露为核心的制度体系提供了理论指导,为资本市场信息环境的改善提供了理论支持。     

公司透明度的决定因素——基于代理理论和信号理论的经验研究

信息披露透明是资本市场的基石,本文探讨中国上市公司透明度的决定因素。根据我们的分析框架,公司透明度由内部激励因素和外部压力因素共同决定。借鉴信号传递理论和代理理论,在理论分析的基础上,本文以深市上市公司2001-2008的数据为样本,实证检验了透明度的决定因素。结果发现,内部激励因素(信号传递激励与代理问题)和外部压力因素(市场监管力度)对透明度均有较强的解释力,实证结果与理论分析基本吻合。另外,我们还发现,内部激励因素较好地解释了公司透明度的变化,也是长期透明度的主要决定因素。     

信息透明度与企业经营绩效的关系

亚洲金融风暴之后,上市公司信息透明度及披露质量受到高度关注,根据世界银行及亚洲华尔街报导,东亚国家上市公司普遍有信息透明度不高的问题。台湾也不例外,自1998下半年起,企业财务危机频传,上市公司财务透明度成为投资人关注的焦点,证券市场主管机关除关心会计准则的制订及执行之外,也努力于其它有助于披露环境的改善。例如,新公报的制订逐渐与国际会计准则接轨,以及推行上市公司信息披露程度的评价。本研究以2003至2005年台湾上市柜公司为样本,探讨信息透明度与公司经营绩效的关连性。信息透明度以证券暨期货市场发展基金会"信息披露评鉴系统"的评价结果为代理变量,经营绩效则分别以会计绩效及市场绩效衡量。实证结果发现当信息透明度较高的公司,会计绩效及市场绩效的表现均优于信息透明度较低的公司。     

机构投资者持股能提高上市公司会计信息质量吗?——兼论不同类型机构投资者的差异

本文以2006-2009年深圳A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验了机构投资者总体以及各类型机构投资者持股对会计信息质量的影响。结果发现,机构投资者总体持股降低了财务报告可靠性,但能提高信息披露透明度。分类来看,证券投资基金、保险公司、社保基金和QFII等持股不影响财务报告可靠性,但能提高信息披露透明度;一般法人持股降低了财务报告可靠性,特别是加大了公司向下盈余管理程度,但不影响信息披露透明度;信托公司持股既不会影响财务报告可靠性,也不会影响信息披露透明度。结果表明,不仅机构投资者总体对上市公司会计信息质量影响的渠道不同,而且不同类型机构投资者对上市公司会计信息质量影响的渠道也存在差异。     

信息透明度与公司绩效--基于内生性视角的研究

本文选用深交所信息披露考评结果作为信息透明度的代理变量,分析了透明度对公司绩效的影响,并在此基础上检验了信息透明度的内生性和工具变量的有效性。其中公司绩效分为经营绩效和市场价值两个方面,信息透明度对两者的影响不尽相同。在控制了内生性后,财务绩效与信息透明度显著的正相关;而信息透明度对市场价值的影响却是非线性的,本文首次发现了市场价值呈现为先降后升的"微笑"曲线效应。本文的研究支持信息透明度的内生性假设,并且从侧面验证了中国股票市场的有效性水平不高。     

环境信息透明度与企业信用评级——基于债券评级市场的经验证据

基于2008至2015年期间公司债券发行主体的信用评级数据和手工收集的上市公司环境信息数据,本文研究了环境信息透明度对企业信用评级的影响。研究结果显示,公司获得高信用评级的概率与其环境信息透明度显著正相关;环境信息传递出公司的特质风险、盈余持续性以及盈余质量等信息,从而影响评级决策。进一步研究发现,环境信息透明度与企业信用评级之间的正相关关系在内部控制质量高、具有高质量外部审计的公司中更显著。采用工具变量两阶段回归方法、公司固定效应模型以及倾向得分配对方法控制内生性后,上述结论依然成立。此外,本文发现环境信息透明度可通过影响企业信用评级降低公司的债券融资成本,环境信息透明度对企业信用评级和债券融资成本的影响在污染行业中显著更强。上述研究发现有助于拓展环境信息披露对市场中介行为影响的相关研究,对认识非财务信息在资本市场中的作用和推进节能减排提供了重要参考。     

公司治理对保险公司绩效影响的实证检验——以24家中资财产保险公司为例

近年来,金融机构的治理问题日益引起学者们的重视,成为公司治理领域研究的热点。综观已有的国内外文献,国外研究侧重于不同所有制保险公司的治理差异,且样本多来自英美发达国家;而国内保险公司治理研究刚刚起步,在研究变量、研究样本的选择上还存在一些不足。鉴于此,本文以24家中资财产保险公司为样本,实证检验了股权结构、董事会特征、高管激励机制、信息披露透明度等治理机制对保险公司绩效的影响。     

Working online or offline: Which is more effective?

Teleworking is becoming increasingly prevalent due to the rapid technological development and the spread of COVID-19. Despite the great convenience, questions about its productivity arise. Using regression analysis and difference-in-differences analysis, this study examines the effectiveness of teleworking by comparing the informativeness of analysts’ online and offline corporate visits. An empirical analysis shows that analysts’ forecasts are accurate after offline visits. This finding suggests that teleworking is less productive than on-site work. We further exclude explanations on fatigue and affiliation and confirm this finding’s robustness with alternative forecast performance measures. Additionally, teleworking impacts forecast accuracy based on analyst experience, resources, firm visibility, and transparency. Our results reveal a potential channel through which the COVID-19 crisis influences capital market transparency and overall economic output.     

Investor relations,reputational bonding,and corporate governance: The case of Royal Ahold

Royal Ahold (Koninklijke Ahold NV) was one of the major success stories in the 1990s and is one of the major failures, suffering a complete meltdown, in 2003. We investigate the strategy, investor relations, accounting transparency and corporate governance of Ahold; these elements jointly drive the firm’s performance over the past decade. Investor relations and its implications are an important but under researched aspect of the market’s belief formation process. For Ahold, investor relations is an important component of reputational bonding [Siegel, J., 2005. Can foreign firms bond themselves effectively by renting US securities laws? Journal of Financial Economics 75, 319–359]. Our clinical study documents investor relations’ influence on investor expectations. We then provide an in-depth analysis of the strategy, accounting transparency and corporate governance that lead to Ahold’s downfall. We provide insights and implications into these relationships that present theory and empirical studies have not fully addressed.     

Does corporate governance transparency affect the accuracy of analyst forecasts?

Using country‐level proxies for corporate governance transparency, this paper investigates how differences in transparency across 21 countries affect the average forecast accuracy of analysts for the country's firms. The association between financial transparency and analyst forecast accuracy has been well documented in previous published literature; however, the association between governance transparency and analyst forecast accuracy remains unexplored. Using the two distinct country‐level factors isolated by Bushman et al. (2004 ), governance transparency and financial transparency, we investigate whether corporate governance information impacts on the accuracy of earnings forecasts over and above financial information. We document that governance transparency is positively associated with analyst forecast accuracy after controlling for financial transparency and other variables. Furthermore, our results suggest that governance‐related disclosure plays a bigger role in improving the information environment when financial disclosures are less transparent. Our empirical evidence also suggests that the significance of governance transparency on analyst forecast accuracy is higher when legal enforcement is weak.     

The impact of multi-dimensional corporate transparency on us firms’ credit ratings and cost of capital

This study examines corporate transparency in the US market for a sample of 319 S&P 500 firms. We examine whether a number of disparate measures of corporate transparency used by other researchers are distinct, cohere as measures of a single factor of corporate transparency, or capture multiple different dimensions. Next, we begin to examine the impact of corporate transparency, conceived in the broadest sense, and not limited to financial reporting, on US firms. We develop a model of corporate transparency based on a broad definition and framework proposed by Bushman, Piotrowski and Smith, which we extend in several ways, and then study the effect of corporate transparency on cost of debt, credit rating, and cost of equity. First, we find that corporate transparency is neither a unitary concept nor merely an ambiguous term for multiple distinct concepts: factor analysis of ten corporate transparency variables identifies four independent underlying dimensions: public disclosure information, intermediary information, earnings quality information and insider information. Second, we find that corporate transparency has significant power to explain cross-sectional variation in credit rating and cost of capital. More specifically, (i) credit rating, cost of debt, and beta are significantly associated with disclosure information transparency; (ii) credit rating, cost of equity, and beta are significantly associated with intermediary information transparency; and (iii) cost of equity and beta are significantly associated with insider information transparency. Our findings offer a more comprehensive evaluation of corporate transparency than prior studies, and we demonstrate direct economic implications for both US firms and markets.     

Corporate Governance and Information Efficiency in Security Markets

This paper investigates a neglected topic in corporate governance research; namely, do governance characteristics affect the market reaction to news? The topic is important given the emphasis by governance regulations and codes of best practice on the need for greater transparency of corporate activities. For the first time in the corporate governance literature, we show that corporate governance characteristics (particularly the presence of founding family directors and gender diverse boards) affect the market reaction to company specific news. The results of the paper point to the analysis of the impact of governance characteristics on the market reaction to news being a new and complementary research agenda within corporate governance.     

信息透明度、公司治理与中小股东参与

本文利用深交所社会公众股东网络投票的数据,研究了公司信息透明度、中小股东参与公司决策与治理以及其他治理机制之间的关系。经验证据表明当公司信息透明度越差,中小投资者参加投票的积极性越高。上市公司的股权结构会影响中小股东的投票参与率,并且上述关系在信息透明度更差的公司中更显著。进一步分析发现,中小股东参与公司治理能够提高公司未来绩效,并且这种绩效改善在信息透明度更差的公司中更为明显。本文说明中小股东参与公司治理能有效地缓解代理问题,而公司信息透明度会影响其效果的发挥。