住宅产业价值链价值分布研究——以西安市为例

利用从西安住宅市场上调研收集的数据,根据住宅产业价值链系统结构,运用构建的住宅产业价值链价值分布测算模型——熵权-模糊综合评价模型对西安市住宅产业价值链价值分布进行了剖析。研究表明,西安市住宅产业价值链存在太过于依赖土地价值与资金价值,而投资分析、建设、营销服务等阶段价值创造能力过低,以及整体价值创造水平偏低等问题。因此,建议通过完善住宅产业的外包制度、调整土地供应制度、构建合理价值分配机制、建立价值创造联盟制度、构筑住宅产业虚拟价值链与价值网络等途径,来优化西安市住宅产业价值链价值分布格局,以促进产业升级。     

浅谈评估与会计对接的共同价值基础

以财务报告为目的资产评估,是以资产评估为专业工具,以公允价值为计量属性,评估与会计直接对接的专业鉴证领域.新会计准则基础由收入费用观向资产负债观转型,奠定了评估与审计对接的共同价值基础.     

从价值链到价值群：企业价值战略创新

以可持续发展为经营战略的企业将不断进行博弈“游戏”。以企业为核心、以产品流程为对象而设计出的多重价值活动组成了企业间的价值群。本文认为价值群的设计与创造是企业获得持久利润的条件，从价值链到价值群是企业价值战略的一种增值方式创新。     

财务管理业务粘性与企业价值突围

企业财务管理是一项综合型很高的管理活动,已经参与到企业的每一项生产经营活动中.本文在财务管理方面,对企业管理的改革维度和破局的关键进行了研究,根据企业价值的创造,研究并分析了财务管理的核心内容及内外部的价值链,探索企业价值的突围路径.     

浅论资产负债观在企业价值创造中的影响与应用

资产负债观下,会计核算和报告的重心更加关注资产增加及由此引起的所有者权益(净资产)增长,以实现企业新增价值创造。资产负债观在企业价值创造中的影响表现为确立了资产负债表的核心地位、全面收益计量的核算模式、企业价值创造的目标和手段以及企业战略管理的重要地位。资产负债观在企业价值创造中的应用,包括构建财务管理战略,有效控制风险,合理配置资源,实现新增价值创造;建立价值创造决策信息支持系统,规范交易事项处理,落实财务报告目标;顺应战略管理要求,适应复杂环境变化,为企业核心竞争力战略奠定基础。     

供给侧改革中的价值驱动与资产评估新动力

供给可以创造需求,但能否创造有效的需求取决于供给产品的消费价值和投资价值。供给侧改革的最终目的是高效率地创造价值,供给侧改革的核心内容离不开价值驱动。资产评估的研究对象和分析结果是价值,具有价值发现和价值判断的功能,资产评估在供给侧改革中将大有所为。同时,供给侧改革过程中会遇到许多新的难题,如何对其进行合理的价值判断,需要以创新思维引领资产评估行业发展,加强行业理论建设与人才建设,拓展新的业务空间,并通过推动评估立法进程促进资产评估行业管理法制化和规范化。     

大股东控制、政府控制层级与公司价值创造

本文着眼于公司价值的边际增量——投资绩效,从相对更短的价值链,研究了大股东控制、政府控制层级在我国上市公司价值创造过程中的作用与效率,以深入探究所有权结构与公司价值关系的迷雾。基于我国上市公司的经验证据发现:不同的所有权结构在公司价值创造中的作用与效率和终极所有权性质密不可分,大股东追求控制权私有收益对市县级政府和非政府所属上市公司的投资收益产生了消极影响。具体而言:市县级政府控制和非政府控制上市公司的投资绩效受到堑壕效应的消极影响,但利益趋同效应仅在非政府控制上市公司中有所显现;股权制衡对市县级政府和非政府控制的上市公司投资绩效有一定的积极作用。     

基于模块化的价值链会计研究

模块化所内含的价值创造方式的变革和以价值链管理为基础的价值链会计具有内在结合研究的现实性与逻辑性。本文不同于以往以线性价值链为基础的价值链会计研究,而是以模块化为基础建立网络状价值链会计研究体系。通过划分虚拟会计主体与实体会计主体、通用信息与专用信息,以价值模块为载体构建了价值链会计的运行机制,以解释模块化时代会计信息系统的结构特征。     

价值链视角的公司价值纠偏研究——以一汽轿车为例

通过对价值链背景下顾客价值到企业价值逻辑过程的分析,以及对顾客价值理论文献的回顾,指出在使用传统自由现金流量法得到价值评估初始评估结果后,需要从顾客价值的角度对初评结果进行纠偏。以一汽轿车为例设计的顾客价值指标体系以及客户调查问卷,根据顾客价值要素对价值评估结果进行的纠偏,表明纠偏很重要。     

企业价值评估的DCF模型实证研究

企业价值是公司财务领域的核心课题,在现有企业价值评估方法中,一方面由于新兴的企业价值评估方法,比如期权方法,因技术上的复杂性和理论体系的不完整性,目前还远远没有进入全面的应用阶段;另一方面,企业价值评估的主流方法仍然在不断的发展和进化,一些新技术和新方法在该领域的应用,为DCF方法保持其主流地位创造了条件.本文选用现金流量折现(DCF)模型中的股权自由现金流量估价模型作为实证的模型,通过对评估结果与各企业市场价值的比较,试图检验现金流量折现(DCF)模型在我国资本市场上的适用性.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.