基于非线性协整模型的金融危机背景下中美股票市场联动研究

随着世界经济一体化趋势和金融自由化程度越来越强,国际上主要股票市场经常呈现齐涨共跌的趋势,对股票市场的联动的研究不仅对投资者具有重要的意义,对政府当局避免由于外部股票市场联动给本国带来的股票市场的波动和金融市场的稳定性同样具有重要的政策意义。由于资本市场的变量之间普遍存在的是非线性关系而非是线性关系,如果用线性模型进行研究就难免会出现偏颇的结论,因此本文使用比线性协整模型对金融危机背景下中美欧股票市场的联动性进行了研究,结果表明,相对与亚洲金融危机,在次贷危机期间,中国大陆股市与美国股市之间的联动性呈现了逐渐增强趋势。     

后金融危机时代关于中国股市与世界重要股市联动性的思考——基于金融危机前后数据的对比分析

本文通过运用Johansen协整的方法,考察了2007年次贷危机乃至2008全球金融危机前后中国股票市场与世界股票市场联动性的变动情况,并且将印度、巴西、俄罗斯这三个与中国经济发展各方面最相似的国家作为对比项,从而得出中国股市与世界股市联动关系更加客观、可比的结论。实证结果显示：中国与各大股指的长期均衡关系在危机前相对较弱,金融危机发生后进一步减弱,但相对于印、巴、俄三国而言,长期联动关系受金融危机影响较小,保留下来了数量较多的与重要股指之间的协整关系。     

我国股票市场与债券市场联动的国内外因素分析——基于不同时期的比较研究

本文将2007至2012年分为平常时期、美国金融危机时期和“双危机”叠加时期三个阶段,利用描述性统计及Granger因果检验方法分析了国际金融市场风险传染至我国证券市场的路径;运用动态样本相关系数和动态残差相关系数刻画了不同时期、不同事件窗口下我国股票市场和债券市场联动性的变化特征,并据此分析我国股票市场和债券市场联动的主要原因究竟是来自国际还是国内因素,以使反危机政策更具针对性.     

全球金融危机背景下的股市联动性变化——基于DAG和结构VECM的实证分析

随着美国股市大幅波动,全球金融市场剧烈动荡,美国次贷危机已转化成全球性金融危机.本文主要采用向量误差修正模型(VECM)、基于有向无环图(DAG)结果的VAR结构化、脉冲响应函数及方差分解等方法,对危机前和危机期间六个主要国家(地区)的股市进行联动性实证分析,发现危机期间股市联动性加强,美国股指对其他股指的影响增大;英美之间因实体经济竞争产生的联动在危机期间被全球风险导致的共同震荡所取代;危机期间日元套利资本在美日之间的大规模流动加剧了美股波动,同时一定程度上减弱了日股波动;危机期间日经指数取代恒生指数而成为美股向亚洲市场的直接价格传导者;上证指数与世界股指的联动在危机期间显著增强,但仍然是六股指中最独立的.本文的量化结果有助于预测危机期间各国股票市场的联动性波动.     

次贷危机下美国和全球股市之联动

本文选用NADCC-EGARCH模型研究了次贷危机影响下全球主要股票市场的反应,并捕捉到欧亚五个股市同美国股市联动关系的变化过程。实证显示,由美国次贷危机引发的金融危机造成了全球股票市场不同程度的动荡,出现熊市迹象。美国同全球股市间的联动关系在危机扩散后存在结构性变化,且欧洲、日本等成熟市场与美国市场的联动关系受美国股市负面消息的影响较大。中国虽受到一定程度的冲击,但是国内股票市场结构相对稳定。     

国际原油市场与股票市场的联动关系研究——基于分位数回归的经验证据

构建分位数回归模型,依据澳大利亚、中国大陆、日本等八个亚太股票市场2000年1月4日至2017年4月7日数据,考量国际原油市场与股票市场的联动关系.结果显示:原油市场与亚太股票市场呈正向联动关系,在极端股市条件下两个市场的联动性更为明显.原油市场与股票市场的联动性在结构突变处发生阶段性变化,两个市场的波动具有明显的传导作用.鉴此,投资者需注重防范市场间的风险传染,政府部门宜加强金融监管,维护国家能源安全.     

波动溢出网络视角下全球股市风险传染研究

为刻画全球股票市场风险传染的动态路径特征,从波动溢出网络视角分析全球股票市场的风险传染机制.首先,采用DCC-GARCH动态溢出指数框架来捕捉全球股市波动溢出的动态联动性和风险传染效应;然后,基于方差分解构建信息溢出复杂网络,从网络视角分析全球股票市场的风险传染特征.研究发现,在整个样本期间,全球股票市场高度相互关联,并依赖于极端经济事件;从次贷危机到欧债危机期间全球股市溢出整体呈现减弱态势;近年来国际资本流动、金融开放与国际贸易往来等推动我国股市进程走向新阶段,风险溢出与吸收水平有上升趋势.     

中国商品期货金融化了吗？—来自国际股票市场的证据

本文通过研究中国商品期货市场在2006-2015年与国际代表性股票市场的双向信息溢出效应及其时变特征来探讨中国商品期货市场的金融化问题。结果发现中国商品期货市场与国际代表性股票市场间存在着显著的信息溢出效应,且在2008年次贷危机和2010年欧债危机期间,程度更加明显;在溢出方向上,国际股票市场对中国商品期货市场为显著净溢出。据此本文认为中国商品期货市场存在金融化现象,但是相较于国际商品期货市场,中国市场金融化程度要低。     

金砖国家证券市场联动性研究

金砖国家的经济发展越来越受到国际社会的广泛关注,尤其是其资本市场在次贷危机期间的收益表现更受到了国际投资者的青睐。本文选取2008年3月至2014年3月金砖国家股指日数据,建立分位数回归模型研究这几个证券市场的联动性以指导投资实践。研究发现金砖国家证券市场之间不同分位点的联动性不同,这有助于很好地分散投资风险。     

基于GARCH模型的中国——越南股票市场联动性研究

随着中—越经贸合作进程的加快,两国金融合作也不断加强,因此股票市场关系格为重要。本文旨在通过DCC-GARCH模型探究中国—越南股票市场历年以来的联动性,并对其做出解释,为投资者提供资产组合等政策性建议。研究表明,在中国与越南有相关经贸合作政策推出的年份,中—越股票市场联动性较强,大部分时间的联动均表现为中国股票市场影响越南股票市场的单向关系。     

人民币外汇市场间不对称汇率变动的实证研究

现有关于人民币汇率各市场间关系的研究一般是基于多元GARCH模型,探讨各市场间的线性相关关系,未能考虑各市场间汇率变动可能存在的"不对称效应":面临正(反)向的较大冲击时,各市场汇率变动表现出同步性;而面临反(正)向的较大冲击时,各市场汇率变动不同步。本文运用SJC-Copula-MGARCH模型对人民币汇率境内SPOT市场、境内DF市场和境外NDF市场之间的相依关系进行实证分析,发现境内汇率市场(SPOT市场和DF市场)和境外NDF市场间的联系仍较弱;SPOT-DF市场在面临大的正冲击和负冲击时均表现出较强的联动性,而SPOT-NDF市场和DF-NDF市场在面临大的冲击时汇率变动表现出"不对称效应":在面临大的正冲击(人民币相对贬值)时,境内汇率市场和境外NDF市场汇率变动不同步,当面临大的负冲击(人民币相对升值)时,境内汇率市场和境外NDF市场汇率变动表现出较强的同步性。本文进一步分析了上述"不对称效应"的经济机理,探讨了其经济学含义。     

Political crises and the stock market integration of emerging markets

This paper investigates the role of political crises in explaining the degree of stock market integration in emerging markets over the period 1991-2006. Using the International Crisis Behavior database, which contains detailed information on political crises around the world, and employing data on more than 15,500 firms, we assess whether political crises affect stock market integration in 19 emerging markets in South and East Asia, Latin America, and Central and Eastern Europe. We conclude that crises with certain characteristics generally reduce the level of stock market integration in these regions. In particular, the beginning of a political crisis, its severity, the involvement of the US in the conflict, and the number of parties involved in a crisis all have impacts on the level of stock market integration in these markets.     

Spreading the fear: The central role of CBOE VIX in global stock market uncertainty

Construction of efficient portfolios is reliant on understanding the correlation between assets. If correlations change markedly during times of economic turmoil then investors are exposed to greater risk at the most inopportune time. We examine the linkages between global stock markets using measures of market uncertainty (implied volatility). Using a sample of daily changes in G7 and BRIC implied volatility measures, over a 20-year sample period, we demonstrate that uncertainty in U.S. markets plays a pivotal role in global stock market uncertainty. “Fear is spread” across markets, as heightened uncertainty in U.S. markets is transmitted across global markets. Conversely, changes in global market uncertainty do not explain changes in U.S. market uncertainty. While there is a clear increase in connectedness during crisis periods, we observe a disparity in the way that inter-dependencies change during the two major economic crises in our sample period; the GFC (2007–2009) and COVID-pandemic (2020). The additional importance of US news largely drives our results during the GFC, while the effect is spread among several countries (particularly within European markets) during COVID.     

Financial crises and emerging stock markets volatility: do internal factors matter?

This paper has two central aims. The first one is to deal empirically with the effects of financial crises on emerging stock markets volatility. The second objective consists in testing if the level of stock market development affects this relationship. For this purpose, we estimate a static panel data model for a sample of nine emerging economies from January 1990 to December 2006. We consider three types of financial crises, i.e. banking, currency and twin crises. Our empirical results suggest that the onset of financial crises strongly increased stock market volatility. In addition, we find that the biggest impact is exerted by twin crises. When dealing with the second objective, our results show that the market size and the liquidity level can attenuate the effects of banking and currency crises, but not the one associated to twin crises. Nevertheless, the degree of stock market integration seems to reduce the effects of banking, currency and twin crises on stock market volatility.     

The bias in Black-Scholes/Black implied volatility: An analysis of equity and energy markets

In this paper we examine the extent of the bias between Black and Scholes (1973)/Black (1976) implied volatility and realized term volatility in the equity and energy markets. Explicitly modeling a market price of volatility risk, we extend previous work by demonstrating that Black-Scholes is an upward-biased predictor of future realized volatility in S&P 500/S&P 100 stock-market indices. Turning to the Black options-on-futures formula, we apply our methodology to options on energy contracts, a market in which crises are characterized by a positive correlation between price-returns and volatilities: After controlling for both term-structure and seasonality effects, our theoretical and empirical findings suggest a similar upward bias in the volatility implied in energy options contracts. We show the bias in both Black-Scholes/Black implied volatilities to be related to a negative market price of volatility risk. JEL Classification G12 · G13     

Unobservable shocks as carriers of contagion

We propose an identified structural GARCH model to disentangle the dynamics of financial market crises. We distinguish between the hypersensitivity of a domestic market in crisis to news from foreign non-crisis markets, and the contagion imported to a tranquil domestic market from foreign crises. The model also enables us to connect unobserved structural shocks with their source markets using variance decompositions and to compare the size and dynamics of impulses during crises periods with tranquil period impulses. To illustrate, we apply the method to data from the 1997–1998 Asian financial crisis which consists of a complicated set of interacting crises. We find significant hypersensitivity and contagion between these markets but also show that links may strengthen or weaken. Impulse response functions for an equally-weighted equity portfolio show the increasing dominance of Korean and Hong Kong shocks during the crises and covariance responses demonstrate multiple layers of contagion effects.     

Economic engagement and within emerging markets integration

We explore the co-movements between emerging markets by employing dynamic conditional correlation approach. We additionally explore the factors that might drive the conditional correlations between emerging markets. We show that trade with the high income countries is a more important driver of the co-movements between emerging markets relative to trade with other emerging markets either within or outside the geographic region of the given country. We further document that the overall health of an economy, investment and market depth explain the correlation between emerging markets. Evidence is also provided that although, the recent emerging markets and global financial crises raised the correlation between emerging markets, not all country pair correlations increased around the period of the crisis. The findings show that economic engagement as opposed to geographic proximity is more relevant in describing within emerging markets integration. The findings suggest that diversification gains could be achieved by strategically investing across some emerging markets even in crisis periods.     

The impact of the 2008 and 2010 financial crises on the Hurst exponents of international stock markets: Implications for efficiency and contagion

This study analyzes how the 2008 and 2010 financial crises, which began in the US and Greece respectively, affected the Hurst exponents of index returns of the stock markets of Belgium, France, Greece, Japan, the Netherlands, Portugal, the UK and US. We perform two innovative statistical tests for this purpose. The first assesses whether the returns exhibit a long memory in the pre-crisis and crisis periods and determines the extent to which the Hurst exponents, calculated with the multifractal detrended moving average technique (MFDMA), differ from the tranquil to the crisis periods. The second test uses copula models to assess whether the correlation between the local Hurst exponents of the markets where the crises originated and those of the other markets increased due to the crises. The results of the first test suggest that although most of the returns exhibit a long memory in the 2008 crisis period, this is not the case in either the pre-crisis or the 2010 crisis periods. These findings shed light on the dynamics of market efficiency. The results of the second test show a significant increase in correlation between the local Hurst exponents of several markets, suggesting the existence of financial contagion. We observed that the 2008 crisis had a greater impact on the memory properties of stock returns than the 2010 financial crisis.     

Financial crisis,structure and reform

In this study, we examine the relationship between the structure of financial systems and financial crises. Using cross-country data on financial structures and crises, we find that there is a significant short-term reversal in development of the banking sector and the stock market during both bank crises and market crashes, with the corporate bond market moving in the same direction as bank credit. However, the results are significant for countries with market-based financial systems but not for countries with bank-based financial systems. Emerging markets have mainly bank-based financial systems, which may explain why these markets require more time to recover from economic downturns after a financial crisis. Therefore, we argue that governments should emphasize a balanced financial system structure as it helps countries to recover from financial crises more quickly compared with countries that lack such balanced structures.     

Financial liberalization and changes in the dynamic behaviour of emerging market volatility: Evidence from four Latin American equity markets

This paper examines whether the dynamic behaviour of stock market volatility for four Latin American stock markets (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico) and a mature stock market, that of the US, has changed during the last two decades. This period corresponds to years of significant financial and economic development in these emerging economies during which several financial crises have taken place. We use weekly data for the period January 1988 to July 2006 and we conduct our analysis in two parts. First, using the estimation of a Dynamic Conditional Correlation model we find that the short-term interdependencies between the Latin America stock markets and the developed stock market strengthened during the Asian, Latin American and Russian financial crises of 1997–1998. However, after the initial period of disturbance they eventually returned to almost their initial (relatively low) levels. Second, the estimation of a SWARCH-L model reveals the existence of more than one volatility regime and we detect a significant increased volatility during the period of crisis for all the markets under examination, although the capital flows liberalization process has only caused moderate shifts in volatility.