公司社会责任履行对财务业绩的影响--基于发布企业社会责任报告下的研究

文章以2011～2012年披露企业社会责任报告的486家上市公司为样本,运用OLS回归方法,实证检验上市公司在发布企业社会责任报告的情况下,公司社会责任对财务业绩的影响。研究结果表明：上市公司多次发布企业社会责任报告能够促进公司财务业绩;公司履行社会责任能够直接促进公司财务业绩的提高;上市公司履行社会责任可以通过发布企业社会责任报告提高公司财务业绩。     

主要金融集团企业社会责任报告对比分析

为了推动国内银行业企业社会责任报告的编制工作，本文对国内外主要金融机构已发布的商业银行企业社会责任报告进行了对比分析，主要涉及企业社会责任的定义、企业社会责任报告框架、内容和措施的对比，以及报告所披露获奖情况的介绍，并在此基础上对国内银行业社会责任报告的内容提出了框架性的建议。[编者按]     

中央企业社会责任审计机制研究

作为中国企业的龙头,中央企业纷纷履行社会责任,发布社会责任报告,为中国广大中小型企业树立了良好的典范,让社会责任成为企业的核心价值理念的一部分,为建设国家和谐社会做出贡献,引领中国现代企业文明的发展进程。在这样的大环境下,社会责任报告不仅仅需要在内容上有所规范,对企业发布的社会责任报告更是要同财务报告一样进行审计,并且提出了更高的要求。本文旨在建立一套比较完善的、适合中央企业的社会责任报告体系,更重要的是建立一套针对中央企业社会责任报告的审计机制,为国内建立全面的社会责任审计机制提供思路,从而构成完整的企业社会责任体系。     

浅析农业企业社会责任报告披露内容

近年来,农产品安全问题频发,农业企业的社会责任问题引起广泛关注。文章分析了目前我国农业企业社会责任报告披露的现状及存在的问题,探讨了我国农业企业社会责任信息披露的内容,对我国农业企业发布社会责任报告具有一定的借鉴作用,并且有利于公众监督。     

保险企业承担社会责任之路径

随着我国构建社会主义和谐社会历史进程的逐步推进，企业社会责任问题日益引起关注。保险企业社会责任理念则来源于2007年中国人寿发布的我国保险业首份《企业社会责任报告》。中国平安在2006年发布的一份题为《诚信平安企业公民之道》报告，阐述了“企业公民”概念，并承诺将在社会公益、灾难救助、环境保护等方面承担广泛的社会责任。     

社会责任报告与鉴证相关问题研究——以苏宁2011年社会责任报告为例

一、企业社会责任报告的解读苏宁电器股份有限公司是中国3C(家电、IT,消费类电子)家电连锁零售企业的领先者,是中国最大的商业零售企业,经营商品涵盖了空调、冰洗、彩电、小家电、通讯、电脑、数码、OA办公、厨卫,以及百货、图书、家居等。本文以其2011年度社会责任报告为例,对我国企业社会责任报告与鉴证等相关问题进行研究与分析。(一)苏宁社会责任报告的主要内容2011年社会责任报告是苏宁公司公布的第4份社会责任报告,该报告披露了公司     

企业社会责任报告的规范问题分析

企业社会责任报告是企业非财务信息披露的重要载体,编制企业社会责任报告对企业来说是一个创造价值的过程。分析我国社会责任报告在内容、质量、地区分布及第三方审核等方面的相关规范问题,提出规范内容、完善形式、加强引导及实施监督等措施。并以中联重科所发布的2010年社会责任报告进行了例证。     

中外企业社会责任报告信息披露比较

本文通过对中国石油和壳牌石油2006~2009年度社会责任报告在形式和内容上的比较,分析了中外企业社会责任报告披露的异同之处,然后对改进我国企业社会责任报告披露提出了一些重要启示:统一社会责任报告的编制框架;完善利益相关方的参与和信息反馈机制;开展社会责任报告第三方审验;社会责任报告内容要体现平衡原则;选择适当的社会责任报告披露形式以提高披露的效果。     

企业业绩与企业社会责任关系研究

本文选择我国2007-2009年沪深国有上市公司发布社会责任报告的公司为研究对象,针对企业财务业绩与社会责任的关系问题进行实证研究。通过重新构建企业社会责任指标,采用新的计量方法,在对前人研究的基础上,对社会责任指标进行分解,用经济责任、职工权益、环境责任、产品质量、社会公益和企业文化六个方面来度量企业社会责任,并采用打分的方法进行赋值,从上市公司已经公开发布的上市公司社会责任报告中选取数据,通过逐一研读上市公司社会责任报告,手工收集数据,得出企业履行社会责任的分数作为企业履行社会责任替代变量,检验企业履行社会责任对企业业绩的影响。     

我国实施社会责任披露制度的几点思考

欧美发达国家，企业已普遍披露社会责任信息。但在我国，企业社会责任披露尚处于认识与探索阶段。目前，我国正在大力建设和谐社会，国家“十一五”国民经济和社会发展规划纲要中首次把单位GDP能耗降低、单位工业增加值用水量降低等具有法律效力的8个约束性指标纳入经济社会发展主要指标体系中．一些组织和地方政府也正在推进企业履行礼会责任，2005年12月由国务院国资委中国企业改革与发展研究会发起的中国企业社会责任联盟正式成立，联合与动员全社会力量，积极推进中国企业社会责任事业有组织地开展，并为中国企业践行企业社会责任提供理论的指导与支持；中国纺织工业协会于2005年颁布了《中国纺织企业社会责任管理体系》（CSC9000T），并正采取措施在全国行业范围内推广实施。深圳市于2006年在全国率先制订了《深圳推进企业履行社会责任指导意见》（讨论稿），目前正通过多种形式向社会各界和市民征求意见，准备在仝市全而推进企业履行社会责任。种种迹象表明，在我国推行社会责任披露制度的时机已趋于成熟。     

海外企业社会责任信息披露研究综述及启示

研究发现，企业进行社会信息披露的外在驱动因素主要有两种：一是来自规章制度和立法的压力；二是来自投资者及其他利益相关者对企业社会责任信息的需求。而企业进行社会责任信息披露的内在影响因素主要有：成本和利益、战略、企业绩效、公司规模、行业属性等。当前国外企业社会责任信息披露实践和理论研究成果主要表现在企业社会责任信息披露能够给企业资本市场行为带来的利益，如较高的股价、较低的股票风险和较低的资本成本，而且，随着投资者对企业社会责任信息需求的增多，投资者关系的内涵也在扩展，与投资者沟通企业社会责任信息已成为国外企业的发展趋势。     

Stock repurchasing and corporate social responsibility

Stock repurchases are controversial. Researchers often view the positive association between free cash flow and the volume of the stock repurchases to be in the shareholders’ interest and the positive association between executive options and stock repurchases to be in the managers’ interest. Using firms’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings as a measure of ethical culture—one that increases the cost of self-serving behavior for managers— we examine whether a firm’s CSR rating is related to its stock repurchase decisions. Although the baseline regression shows a positive association between CSR and repurchases, we find that CSR amplifies the positive association between free cash flow and stock repurchases and lessens the positive association between executive options and stock repurchases. These results indicate that ethical culture might play a role in repurchase decisions: it may encourage repurchases aligned with shareholders’ interests and discourage those primarily in managers’ interest. Furthermore, we also find that high CSR firms are associated with a greater completion rate of announced repurchase programs and receive more favorable stock market reaction to their repurchase announcements.     

Is better banking performance associated with financial inclusion and mandated CSR expenditure in a developing country?

Motivated by legislation mandating CSR expenditure to improve social equality and economic development in India, we examine the association of CSR expenditure and financial inclusion with the performance of banking firms in the period after introduction of the legislation. We study whether mandated CSR expenditure and/or financial inclusion measures are associated with better financial performance, using both accounting and stock market measures of performance, for Indian banks during 2015–2017. Our results demonstrate that level of CSR expenditure and degree of financial inclusion is not associated with banks’ financial performance when performance is measured in accounting terms. However, a significant negative association is found when performance is measured by stock market return. These results suggest that the current design of the legislation is unlikely to achieve its purpose. This is the first study to present clear evidence on the associations of mandatory CSR spending and firm‐level financial inclusion with accounting‐based and market‐based bank performance.     

Does a Government Mandate Crowd Out Voluntary Corporate Social Responsibility? Evidence from India

This study investigates the implementation of a Government of India mandate that requires firms to spend at least 2% of their profits on corporate social responsibility (CSR). The results show that qualifying firms that voluntarily engaged in CSR before the mandate reduce their CSR spending afterward. Despite increasing advertisement expenditure likely to offset the lost signaling value of voluntary CSR, stock prices and operating performance of former voluntary CSR spenders who qualify under the law decline. Our results suggest that regulatory intervention in CSR can both diminish its signaling value and lead to a reduction in voluntary CSR spending.     

Shareholder election of CSR committee members and its effects on CSR performance

We examine the election of directors to corporate social responsibility (CSR) committees and whether shareholder votes influence CSR committee effectiveness. Our study is motivated by the importance that shareholders place on CSR and the responsibilities of the board in overseeing a firm's CSR practices. We find that CSR committee members receive greater shareholder support than other directors. We further find that among CSR committee members, those who are more experienced and skilled receive greater shareholder support. Furthermore, when a firm's CSR performance is poorer (better), CSR committee members receive lower (greater) shareholder support compared with other directors. Finally, we find that through voting, shareholders can increase the efficacy of the CSR committee, leading to improvements in CSR committee structure and performance. Overall, our results suggest that shareholders value the services and expertise of CSR committee members and hold them accountable for CSR performance. Shareholder votes are also effective in enhancing CSR performance.     

Differential Effects of Strong Corporate Governance on Both Professional and Voluntary Corporate Social Responsibility Activities of the Firm

ABSTRACT

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been of interest in the past decade, but prior studies have not investigated the relationship between strong corporate governance and types of CSR activities. This study introduces the concept of professional CSR activities (which means CSR activities pursued in a formal organizational structure over a long period) and voluntary CSR activities (which means CSR activities pursued tentatively and individually) and how strong corporate governance has differential effects on the two types of CSR activities. Our empirical results show that the stronger the corporate governance is, the more professional CSR activities are encouraged.     

A Textual Analysis of US Corporate Social Responsibility Reports

We employ computer-based textual analysis to examine disclosure patterns for a sample of US corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports from the period 2002–2016. Starting from 466 features commonly used in computational linguistics, our results show that the linguistics or disclosure patterns in CSR reports can be used to accurately predict the actual CSR performance type of CSR reporters. Specifically, we find that the two most commonly used disclosure characteristics, number of words and number of sentences, alone can be used to predict reporting firms’ CSR performance type with 81% accuracy. The accuracy of prediction increases to 96% when the top 50 linguistics features most relevant to firms’ CSR performance are included in the prediction model. In addition, we find that the linguistic features of CSR disclosure identified by our study are incrementally value relevant to investors even after controlling for the actual CSR performance score from the professional CSR rating agencies. This finding suggests that the linguistic features of CSR disclosure can be an important venue for capital market participants in evaluating firms’ CSR performance type, especially when professional CSR performance ratings are not available.     

Corporate social responsibility and financial fraud: evidence from China

This paper investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on corporate financial fraud in China. We find that CSR scores are negatively associated with fraudulent financial activities, suggesting that CSR firms are less likely to engage in financial fraud. The results also indicate that the negative relation is more significant for CSR performance than CSR disclosure. Additionally, we demonstrate that the negative effect of CSR is more pronounced for firms with voluntary CSR practices, continuous CSR engagements, financial pressure and internal control weaknesses. Overall, we find that CSR is an ethical behaviour that reduces financial misconduct.     

Does Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Create Shareholder Value? Evidence from the Indian Companies Act 2013

In 2013, a new law required Indian firms, which satisfy certain profitability, net worth, and size thresholds, to spend at least 2% of their net income on corporate social responsibility (CSR). We exploit this regulatory change to isolate the shareholder value implications of CSR activities. Using an event study approach coupled with a regression discontinuity design, we find that the law, on average, caused a 4.1% drop in the stock price of firms forced to spend money on CSR. However, firms that spend more on advertising are not negatively affected by the mandatory CSR rule. These results suggest that firms voluntarily choose CSR to maximize shareholder value. Therefore, forcing a firm to spend on CSR is likely to be sub‐optimal for the firm with a consequent negative impact on shareholder value.     

社会责任信息披露对企业资本结构的影响——基于市场竞争度的视角

社会责任信息披露是企业与利益相关者进行沟通的重要渠道,亦是履行企业社会责任的重要手段,外部利益相关者可借此了解企业的经营策略。以2012年沪深两市上市公司为截面样本,通过实证研究发现：企业社会责任信息披露与资本结构之间呈现“U”型结构,且该结构在市场竞争激烈时显著,在市场竞争度低时不显著,说明市场竞争强化了企业社会责任信息披露与资本结构之间的关系。