侵犯商业秘密罪之罪过形式探析

对商业秘密的保护,其正当性及必要性自无需多言,然而涉及到犯罪认定问题更需谨慎。脱胎于《反不正当竞争法》规定的侵犯商业秘密罪究竟在罪过形式上是故意还是过失,抑或两者兼具?本文试从侵犯商业秘密罪主观罪过形式几种学说入手,探析其罪过形式,以期更好地阐释其主观方面要件。     

由赵勇案看毒品犯罪主观明知的认定问题

毒品犯罪是现代社会一种常见的犯罪,由于毒品犯罪要求证明行为人具有主观明知的故意,所以如何认定行为人对毒品在主观上"明知",关系到毒品犯罪的罪与非罪问题,这也正是司法实践中经常遇到和需要准确把握的疑难问题.运用"推定"的方法,在一定条件下推定犯罪嫌疑人、被告人"主观明知"成为刑事立法发展完善和司法实践的必然选择."推定"的依法合理运用,为司法机关有效打击毒品犯罪提供了新的思路和途径.     

浅谈专利间接侵权行为的构成要件

学者关于专利间接侵权行为的构成要件有不同的观点,分为三要件说和四要件说。三要件说为有专利间接侵权行为实际发生、原则上要有直接侵权行为发生,且间接侵权行为与直接侵权行为之间有因果关系、间接侵权行为人主观上有故意的心态;四要件说为侵害行为、因果关系、主观过错和损害事实。结合民法中规定的侵权行为构成要件的标准,在不同观点中,我较认可侵权的四要件说,即侵害行为、因果关系、主观过错、损害事实。     

对抢劫罪中主客观相统一原则的具体运用的探讨

主客观相统一是定罪活动的基本原则之一,意思是指在认定某一行为是否构成犯罪时,必须坚持行为人主观上有犯罪的故意或过失的罪过,客观上又实施了危害社会的行为,行为人只对其罪过的内容中所包含的行为与结果负刑事责任,在行为人罪过中不包含的行为与结果,行为人则不负刑事责任。但是实践中行为人的主观罪过和客观行为往往不易认清。本文就抢劫罪的几种特殊情况进行分析,以使主客观相统一原则在抢劫罪的定罪活动中的具体运用更加明晰。     

对违法票据承兑、付款、保证罪的防范对策

对违法票据承兑、付款、保证罪的构成具有与其他金融票证犯罪不同的法律特征：一般的金融票证犯罪在主观罪过形式上均表现为故意犯罪，而该罪却主要表现为过失犯罪。该罪的产生有着错综复杂的原因，防范该罪必须从严把关，规范操作。     

拐卖妇女、儿童罪若干疑难问题研究

拐卖妇女、儿童犯罪行为直接侵犯了妇女儿童的人身权利,间接危害了社会的稳定.刑法第二百四十条规定,拐卖妇女、儿童罪是指以出卖为目的,拐骗、绑架、收买、贩卖、接送或者中转妇女、儿童的行为.条文虽然对什么是“拐卖”行为予以详细解释,但在司法实践中如何准确地认定本罪仍有很多需要深入探讨的问题.论者将从处理拐卖妇女儿童犯罪实践中出现的新问题出发,探究包含“拐卖妇女、儿童的行为是否以违背被害人意志为前提”等八个典型问题,重点剖析拐卖妇女儿童罪与相近罪名或相似行为的区别,以统一和完善司法认定的标准.     

浅析诽谤罪

随着近年来诽谤罪的发案率呈上升趋势,在立法与司法两个方面划分罪与非罪,此罪与彼罪对打击真正的犯罪者,保障无辜公民不被刑事追究具有极为重要的意义。笔者通过简要分析诽谤罪的犯罪构成,立法、司法不足,提出相应的立法、司法完善措施,以期对正确认定诽谤罪罪与非罪、此罪与彼罪尽绵薄之力。     

关于挪用公款罪相关问题的探讨

挪用公款罪是我国司法实践中一种常见多发的犯罪,单位挪用公款归他人使用情况不应认定为挪用公款罪,但是单位负责人挪用公款的行为应根据其是否属于“擅自“挪用行为来决定对单位负责人是否按照挪用公款罪定罪处罚。“挪“与“用“的关系应该采用单一行为的观点,这样可以正确理解挪用公款罪的既遂与未遂问题,从而对行为人处罚时做到罪刑相适应。挪用公款不退还的,只要行为人主观上具有不退还的故意,就应该按照贪污罪定罪处罚。     

利用未公开信息交易罪若干问题探讨——以“老鼠仓”行为的刑事立法与司法处境为视角

"老鼠仓"行为尽管已经"入罪",但其"入罪"的立法理性是基于罪刑法定基本原则、社会危害性、刑罚目的等因素的考量;"老鼠仓"行为"入罪"后罪名确定为利用未公开信息交易罪,其存在争议的真正原因是司法罪名的正当性问题,但是应对现行罪名保持应有的尊重;在该罪的司法适用中,要对"未公开信息"、"明示或暗示"等问题给予准确的理解和定位,方能更好地实现立法的司法化,对司法实践有所裨益。     

私分国有资产罪若干疑难问题研究

本文结合近年来的司法实践,就私分国有资产罪司法认定中的疑难问题进行了探讨."违反国家规定"应从广义上来理解,对单位私分"小金库"的行为要具体问题具体分析,区别对待;在认定私分国有资产罪过程中,不应片面强调"人人有份",而应看其私分行为是否体现单位的意志和单位的整体利益;对由政府成立的临时性机构能否成为私分国有资产罪的主体,应以该机构或该机构组成人员的职责来认定,不应按其身份来确定.     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

我国助学贷款改革刍议--"双担保"机制设计

国家新出台的助学贷款政策,还不过是既有的框架下的局部调整,存在诸多不完善的地方。为此,对国家助学贷款应构建高校与就业单位的“双担保”机制。从长期来看,要构建一个系统有效的“政府部门管理和商业银行运作相结合”、“多层次、多渠道、多方式”、“担保和非担保、贴息和非贴息、市场和非市场运作互相补充”的中国教育金融框架。     

人行县支行备份路由的解决方案

目前江苏省内人民银行各县(市)支行与其市中心支行的网络互联是通过专线经中国电信的x.25分组交换网实现的,没有其它备份线路,一旦线路或路由器出现故障,电子联行、银行信贷登记咨询、货币发行管理等业务系统就不能与中心支行的业务系统实现正常通信,这不仅会影响本行业务工作的正常进行,甚至可能会影响上级行业务系统的正常运行.针对这一问题我们首先想到的解决方法是,购买一个路由器作为备份路由器,再租用一条其它方式的远程连接线路作为备份线路,这样的备份设备费用至少15万～2万元.如果采用Windows 2000 Server(或者Windows NT Server 4.0),使用其免费提供的请求拨号路由服务,就能实现临时应急备份路由.下面对Windows2000的请求拨号路由及其安装配置做一详细说明.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

证券公司集中交易的广域网平台解决方案

一、证券业务发展趋势概述目前，我国金融机构正面临着前所未有的挑战。一方面，国内金融机构亟待解决增加赢利、加强风险管理和提高工作效率等诸多传统问题；另一方面，随着我国加入WTO，金融市场将逐步开放，国际竞争在所难免，国内金融企业将面临来自外资金融企业的全面竞争     

凯恩斯不确定性经济理论的形成机制

在凯恩斯的不确定性经济理论中,概率是知识或信念的所有物,而不确定性对应着一种数字上不可测量的概率情形.凯恩斯通过把不确定性与信息完备性联系在一起,从而奠定了现代不确定性理论的基础.凯恩斯的一个重要贡献就是将不确定性和预期置于宏观经济分析的中心,不确定性理论成为其建立宏观经济学的逻辑起点和基石,而认知不确定性则作为一个关键性内容贯穿于凯恩斯经济分析的全过程.