关于中国新兴货币政策工具“常备借贷便利”的解析与国际比较

随着中国金融的不断发展,为了满足金融市场更高的调节需求,中央银行在传统的货币政策工具的基础上,又发展出了一套以流动性调节为主的货币政策工具体系,而"常备借贷便利"则是中国货币政策短期流动性工具的代表,本文以该政策工具为研究对象,分析其产生的原因、特点、影响,通过国际比较,得出启示,从而为"常备借贷便利"这项货币政策工具在中国金融市场上更好地运作奠定良好的基础。     

关于中国新兴货币政策工具“常备借贷便利”的解析与国际比较

随着中国金融的不断发展,为了满足金融市场更高的调节需求,中央银行在传统的货币政策工具的基础上,又发展出了一套以流动性调节为主的货币政策工具体系,而“常备借贷便利”则是中国货币政策短期流动性工具的代表,本文以该政策工具为研究对象,分析其产生的原因、特点、影响,通过国际比较,得出启示,从而为“常备借贷便利”这项货币政策工具在中国金融市场上更好地运作奠定良好的基础.     

两次危机金融市场境外救市政策的比较与思考

2020年新冠肺炎疫情迅速蔓延,导致全球金融市场发生历史罕见的剧烈震荡。与2008年金融危机相比,本次危机境外金融市场救市政策更为迅速,货币政策着力于提供短期流动性,财政政策聚焦于危机中的预防、对冲和纾困。两次危机救市政策推出后,市场均不同程度改善。后疫情时代,创新货币政策工具是支持流动性直达实体经济的重要手段。加强货币政策、财政政策与其他监管措施的有效协同,强化对杠杆资金、自动化交易等微观市场因素的监管,加快对限制股市做空措施的研究探讨,有利于抵御系统性风险,维护金融市场平稳有序运行。     

金融危机条件下美联储新货币政策工具的运用

次贷危机爆发后,美联储根据本国金融市场变化情况,在《联邦储备法令》的授权下,创设了包括定期标售工具、定期证券借贷工具、一级交易商信用工具、货币市场投资者融资工具在内的7种新型货币政策工具,旨在为各类金融机构提供流动性支持,鼓励金融机构的放贷积极性,及恢复金融市场功能。该文详细介绍这些新型货币政策工具的操作规则及市场功能。     

我国中央银行流动性工具箱的创新、演进特点及法律问题研究

对金融市场流动性予以调控,是中央银行的法定职责。单一货币政策体系下,存款准备金率、基准利率、公开市场业务是我国中央银行流动性工具箱的三大工具;而货币政策与宏观审慎双支柱体系下,则需要在原有流动性工具箱改进的基础上进一步创新。由此,常备借贷便利、中期借贷便利等登上历史舞台。梳理我国中央银行流动性工具箱的创新演进过程,发现流动性调控中存在中国人民银行法律地位不够明确、流动性工具取舍中的法律依据不足、中央银行流动性调控中自由裁量权的边界不清等法律问题,这些均是未来修订、制定法律应予以重视的。只有解决了这些问题,我国中央银行对流动性的调控才能在法律界限内进行,市场的透明度与公平才能强化。     

央行公开市场操作与货币政策取向

2009年4月，央行通过公开市场操作巨额正回购行为引发市场对货币政策的担沈，这种行为向市场传递了怎样的信号？是否意味着央行宽松货币政策的转向？是否将引发2009年金融市场流动性的“逆转”？央行回购与流动性对冲央行公开市场操作是中央银行吞吐基础货币、调节市场流动性的主要货币政策工具，其政策目的是通过资金的投放和回笼，维持金融市场的稳定。4月份以来，     

货币政策对商业银行流动性创造的影响效果研究北大核心CSSCI

流动性创造是商业银行高效运转的关键,也是中央银行运用货币政策工具实现有效调节的主要方式。本文通过运用Sys-GMM估计方法,探讨了数量型和价格型货币政策工具对商业银行流动性影响的效果。研究认为:货币政策对不同规模商业银行流动性创造存在差异,对中小商业银行更为显著;商业银行对价格型货币政策的敏感程度高于数量型,资产规模较小的商业银行,对同业拆借利率、存款准备金率因素的变化较为敏感;货币政策对商业银行流动性创造的影响是短期的、阶段性的。因此,差异化的货币政策是提高货币政策效果的重要方式,增强商业银行对金融市场的敏感程度,提高自发调节流动性创造的能力,形成货币政策调节的期限差异,对增强货币政策效果具有重要意义。     

美联储创新型货币政策工具——基于机制安排的视角

金融危机管理中,美联储对创新型货币政策工具的运用在缓解金融市场流动性方面发挥了重要作用。然而,创新型工具的运用也带来了新的问题。本文在介绍美联储创新型货币政策工具的同时提出了新工具可能引发的若干问题,在此基础上从机制安排的角度分析了美联储的对策。     

流动性冲击、货币政策失误与金融危机——对美国金融危机的反思

本文认为:(1)流动性冲击主要通过资产负债表渠道和资产价格渠道来影响金融市场,正是这两种渠道才使得流动性在金融危机爆发及传导的过程中扮演了重要角色。借款人的资产负债表效应导致损失螺旋和保证金螺旋的产生,造成资产的折价销售,推动了资产价格的下跌和进一步的银根紧缩;(2)房地产泡沫的形成与美联储的货币政策失误、金融市场结构变化、新布雷顿森林体系以及投资者的羊群行为等有关,房地产泡沫破灭是美国金融危机的导火索;(3)金融危机爆发后,美联储通过调整中央银行的资产负债表,推出各种形式的金融创新工具,向金融市场注入流动性,有效地降低了金融市场崩溃的概率。论文最后从流动性管理的角度,对美国金融危机进行了反思。     

信息技术发展对货币政策中介目标的影响与优化研究

传统的广义货币M2越来越难以全面解释经济中的货币量,货币政策中介目标有效性受到挑战,从而影响了货币政策的传导效率。本文研究表明:信息技术发展对传统货币政策传导机制构成冲击,为提高货币政策的有效性和前瞻性,应扩容流动性发行机构和金融资产种类,构建新的流动性总量指标体系。在新的流动性总量框架下,央行可通过创新资产工具和负债工具实现货币政策的最终目标。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

Disclosure of government financial information and the cost of local government’s debt financing——Empirical evidence from provincial investment bonds for urban construction

China’s slowing economic growth and rapid urbanization have made local government debt financing a significant issue.This study uses a sample of China’s provinc...     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

【正】The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing ...     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.