公众预期与货币政策中介目标的动态关联性——基于VAR模型的实证分析

本文通过基于VAR模型的实证分析发现,货币供应量变动引起公众收入预期和价格预期的同方向变化;名义利率变动引起公众收入预期的反方向变化,对公众价格预期的影响很微弱.对宏观经济运行中的预期波动,央行货币政策的响应是迅速的.针对当前的经济下滑,货币政策应采取适度凋低名义利率、继续稳定货币供应量的政策,有利于提振公众收入预期,并防止公众高价格预期;应以宽松货币政策为辅,积极财政政策为主.     

货币政策对房地产价格的动态影响

本文构建了房地产价格与汇率、货币供应量之间关系的VAR模型,并运用脉冲响应函数与方差分解法研究了汇率变化及货币供应量对我国房地产价格的动态影响。研究结果显示,汇率变化(人民币贬值)与房地产价格呈负相关关系;货币供应量变化与房价呈正向关系,且影响有滞后效应,滞后七期。最后运用方差分解法得出"汇率变化对房地产价格变化的贡献率大于货币供应量变化对房价变化的贡献率"的结论。     

对我国利率与货币供应量相关关系的实证分析

利率和货币供应量是最重要的两个货币政策中介目标,本文对两者之间的互动关系进行了实证检验,发现我国货币供应量的变动对市场利率影响较小,但市场利率的变动却能够影响货币供应量.本文分析了这一现象的产生原因,并对我国货币政策中介目标的选择提出了相关政策建议.     

货币供应量与房价波动的关系:基于VAR模型的实证分析与国际经验

近来,两件事件为大家所热议:一是中国高速增长的货币供应,二是快速上涨的房价.本文从货币供应量对房价波动影响的作用机制切入,采用向量自回归模型研究货币供应量与长期贷款利率变动对房价所产生的动态影响.研究表明,货币供应量变化对房价产生长期的持续正向影响,货币供应量的增加会导致房价上涨.新国五条及后续的房地产行业调控政策极为必要.     

我国货币政策影响房地产价格的实证分析

本文对我国货币政策与房地产价格的关系进行了理论和实证分析,得出了货币政策可以影响房增产价格,利率对房地产价格的影响比货币供应量更为显著,货币政策对房地产价格的影响时滞为2个季度等相关结论.     

货币政策对经济周期波动的效应检验

本文从经济周期角度出发,利用我国1991—2010年间经济状态指数、货币供应量同比增长率及实际利率数据,运用VAR模型分析我国货币政策对经济周期波动的影响。研究结果表明,货币政策的变化会对经济周期产生影响,货币政策的冲击对我国经济状态指数变化具有一定的解释力。     

我国货币政策影响房地产价格的实证分析

本文对我国货币政策与房地产价格的关系进行了理论和实证分析,得出了货币政策可以影响房地产价格,利率对房地产价格的影响比货币供应量更为显著,货币政策对房地产价格的影响时滞为2个季度等相关结论。     

货币政策视角下中国房地产价格上涨原因探析

本文分析了中国房地产市场的现状,并结合房地产价格的走势与货币政策的发展趋势,从货币供应量、信贷规模以及利率变化等三个方面来分析货币政策与房地产价格的关系.     

对我国利率与货币供应量相关关系的实证分析

利率和货币供应量是最重要的两个货币政策中介目标,本文对两者之间的互动关系进行了实证检验,发现我国货币供应量的变动对市场利率影响较小,但市场利率的变动却能够影响货币供应量。本文分析了这一现象的产生原因,并对我国货币政策中介目标的选择提出了相关政策建议。     

汇率波动、财政赤字与最优货币政策规则

本文构建了包含汇率和财政赤字以及资产价格的IS-Philips曲线,在此基础上引入央行损失函数推导了最优利率反应函数并利用中国的数据实证分析了汇率与财政赤字以及资产价格的变化对最优货币政策的影响.研究表明资产价格波动对均衡利率的影响最大,其次才是产出和汇率波动,而政府财政赤字水平对于均衡利率的影响很小;最优货币政策反应函数中产出缺口、价格水平以及资产价格的反应权重会受到央行损失函数中贴现因子与货币政策赋予产出稳定权重的影响,而政府财政赤字与汇率的变动不会受到贴现因子与产出稳定权重影响.     

Loan Rates and Collateral

We investigate the relation between corporate loan spreads and collateralization. We use propensity scoring to create a matched sample of pairs of loan facilities from the Dealscan database. We find that noncollateralized loans are associated with lower spreads even after controlling for risk.     

The Relationships Between Mortgage Rates and Capital-Market Rates Under Alternative Market Conditions

Mortgage interest rates have become more integrated with other capital-market interest rates over recent decades, apparently as a result of the deregulation of financial markets. The link is both imperfect and time-varying. Mortgage rates during some time periods appear to be sticky with respect to their adjustment to changes in capital-market rates. We examine the relationship between weekly conventional mortgage rates and the interest rates on treasury and corporate securities under differing market conditions. We draw three conclusions based on the analysis. First, deregulation changed the link between mortgage rates and riskless interest rates, which confirms the findings of Goebel and Ma (1993). Second, mortgage rates were cointegrated with risky interest rates even before deregulation. Third, the link between mortgage rates and the risky bond rate can be associated with the behavior of the risk premium in the bond rate. The observed relationship is consistent with the stickiness observed by Haney (1988) and causes a more pronounced stickiness when rates are falling than when they are rising.     

QE2退出后利率与汇率可能的变化——美联储货币政策展望与影响

今年以来,影响债券市场的主要因素是通胀和流动性波动。在目前时点上,尽管上述变量仍有一定的不确定性,但是大致来看,出现超预期冲击的可能性较小。我们一直认为未来影响资本市场最大的不确定性主要来自外部,尤其是美国货币政策走向。     

Asset Prices and Exchange Rates

We study the implications of introducing demand shocks and tradein goods into an otherwise standard international asset pricingmodel. Trade in goods gives rise to an additional channel ofinternational propagation—through the terms of trade—absentin traditional single-good models. The inclusion of demand shockshelps overturn many unrealistic implications of existing internationalfinance models in which productivity shocks are the sole sourceof uncertainty. Our model generates a rich set of implicationson how stock, bond, and foreign exchange markets co-move. Wesolve the model in closed-form, which yields a system of equationsthat can be readily estimated empirically. Our estimation validatesthe main predictions of the theory.     

Exchange Rates and Capital Flows

This paper explores the ability of portfolio and foreign direct investment flows to track movements in the euro and the yen against the dollar. Net portfolio flows from the euro area into US stocks – possibly reflecting differences in expected productivity growth – track movements in the euro against the dollar closely. Net FDI flows, which capture the recent burst in cross‐border M&A activity, appear less important in tracking movements in the euro‐dollar rate, possibly because many M&A transactions consist of share swaps. Movements in the yen versus the dollar remain more closely tied to conventional variables such as the current account and interest differential.     

Exchange Rates and FOMC Days

Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting days provide a natural laboratory for exploring the effects of policy uncertainty and learning on exchange rate determination. A reasonable hypothesis is that the meeting outcomes are price-relevant public information associated with a switch to an "informed-trading state." Evidence is provided by intradaily exchange rates for 10 FOMC meetings. A particularly interesting finding is that the informed-trading regime tends to emerge during the time that the FOMC meets. An extensive search of public news indicates that the informed trading cannot be explained as the response to public information.     

Interest Rates and Credit Risk

This paper explores the effects of shifts in interest rates on corporate leverage and default in the context of a dynamic model in which the link between leverage and default risk comes from the lower incentives of overindebted entrepreneurs to guarantee firm survival. The need to finance new investment pushes firms' leverage ratio above some state‐contingent target toward which firms gradually adjust through earnings retention. The response to interest rate rises and cuts is both asymmetric and heterogeneously distributed across firms. Our results help rationalize some of the evidence regarding the risk‐taking channel of monetary policy.     

Housing Rents and Inflation Rates

This paper develops a quality-adjusted measure of marginal housing rents using a monthly statistic of landlord net rental income. The marginal rent index (MRI) exhibits deflation during recessions and leads the official rent index by 7 months. The modified inflation rate based on MRI suggests that the annual official inflation rate was overestimated by 1.7–4.1% during the Great Recession but underestimated by 0.3–0.7% during the subsequent expansionary period.     

Swap Rates and Credit Quality

This article presents a model for valuing claims subject to default by both contracting parties, such as swaps and forwards. With counterparties of different default risk, the promised cash flows of a swap are discounted by a switching discount rate that, at any given state and time, is equal to the discount rate of the counterparty for whom the swap is currently out of the money (that is, a liability). The impact of credit-risk asymmetry and of netting is presented through both theory and numerical examples, which include interest rate and currency swaps.