有效市场假说与分形市场假说之争

作为现代金融理论基石的有效市场假说越来越多少被实践证明不符合现实,而建立在非线性动力系统之上的分形市场假说,利用流动性和投资起点很好地解释了有效市场假说无法解释的各种市场现象。通过定性分析和定量分析表明,有效市场假说只是分形市场假说的一种特殊情况,有效市场只是在某个特定时段才可能出现。但由于分形市场假说在数学建模上的困难,有效市场假说仍具有现实的参考和指导意义。     

分形市场理论在大豆期货市场中的实证研究

本文以大连期货交易所大豆期货价格的日收盘价为样本,运用重标级差来研究期货市场价格的非线性特征.从统计结果来看,样本序列呈现出尖峰、胖尾等有偏特征,其H值大于0.5.这说明期货价格波动并不遵循有效市场理论,期货价格时间序列具有持久性趋势.同时发现,连豆期货存在着一个大约516天的非周期循环长度,这进一步证明期货市场价格波动的非随机性.     

基于分形市场理论的开放式基金风险分析

有效市场是现代金融学理论的基石,也是数量化金融市场理论的核心.有效市场是建立在收益率时间序列数据必须满足正态分布基础上,但是大量的实证分析发现,收益率时间序列数据并非完全或者不满足正态分布,为此Edgar·E·Peters提出了分形市场假说,分形市场理论假定收益率时间序列服从分形分布,其核心是Hurst提出的R/S分析法(Hurst指数),通过R/S法计算Hurst指数H,并由此得到分形维数α,通过分形维度量投资风险.利用分形市场理论,选取大成基金管理公司中的开放式股票型基金大成创新基金实证分析,用收益率时间序列的分形维度量风险,判定基金十大重仓股个股以及投资组合的风险大小,并且对投资组合进行优化,求出最优投资比例.     

上海股票市场的分形特征实证研究

基于重标极差(简称R/S)分析方法,文章研究了上海综合指数序列在我国实行股市涨跌停政策后的分形特征。通过计算Hurst指数,验证了上证综指的长记忆性的存在性,并得出大约460个交易日的平均循环长度,表明上海股票市场具有明显的分形特征。     

基于分形理论的资本市场非线性研究框架

基于资本市场的复杂性与非线性特征,提出了一个研究资本市场的非线性分析范式.该研究范式主要理论假说有:有限理性人、分形市场假说与分数布朗运动.它不同于基本有效市场假说的线性分析范式.资本市场的非线性分析框架为研究资本市场提供了一个新的视角.     

上海股票市场的分形特征研究

本文对有效市场假说和分型市场假说的基本理论做了介绍,对上海证券市场的分形结构进行了研究,并对上证指数收盘价的日数据和周数据进行R/S分析并计算Hurst指数,通过对比发现,上海股票市场不属于EMH所描述的有效市场,而是具有自相似性、状态持续性、长期记忆周期等明显的分形特征。     

我国股市非线性特征的检验与分形验证

对我国股票市场的非线性特征进行分析,实证检验说明我国股票市场不服从传统理论假定的正态分布,呈现出＂尖峰＂和＂厚尾＂态势,股票市场的收益率具有持续性,存在长期记忆的分形特征,是一个复杂的非线性系统。     

基于MF-DFA的中国股指期货价格的多重分形实证研究

本文通过应用多重分形谱分析法和多重分形消除趋势波动分析（MF-DFA）法,研究了新产生的中国股指期货市场的多重分形性。通过对2942个股指期货最后十分钟结算价格的分析,我们发现中国股指期货的收益率具有长程相关性和多重分形性,期货价格波动并不能用单一的标度指数进行充分描述。进一步通过将原始序列和转换后的收益序列进行比较,转换过程包括重排以及相位随机化,我们发现导致中国股指期货市场多重分形性的两种不同成因。研究结果表明,虽然厚尾分布是造成多重分形性的一个方面,但长程相关性才是引起中国股指期货市场多重分形的主要原因。     

沪深300指数的分形特征分析

本文将沪深300指数和上证指数、深证成指分别叠加分析,发现三者整体走势基本一致,可以说明沪深300的走势代表了中国证券市场的走势。对沪深300指数的日、周、月收益率进行统计分析、K-S检验及R/S分析,统计分析发现收益率的分布可能不是正态分布,K-S检验得出沪深300指数的收益率不服从正态分布,R/S分析得出沪深300指数日、周和月收益率的Hurst指数均大于0.6,进而验证了收益率的分布是一个分形结构。因此可以说我国证券市场的有效性不强,受外界的影响较大,比如受国家政策的影响。     

分形市场假说对现代金融学线性范式的挑战——分形市场假说文献述评

现代金融学采用线性范式建立起了完整的理论体系。非线性科学的发展表明线性范式的局限性正是导致现代金融学陷入困境的重要原因。分形市场假说基于非线性范式,采用有限理性人假设和演进的研究方法,对金融市场做出了迥异于有效市场假说的解释。其代表的非线性的思维范式构成了对现代金融学思维范式的挑战。该假说对金融市场整体控制也有重要的指导意义。     

The cost of capital- the practitioners view

The application of a SWARCH model to stock market returns allows one to endogenously determine the regime dependence of the stock market volatility. Comparison of the results from a sample of daily data from five major stock markets shows that the majority of the markets switch regimes simultaneously. This fact is used to investigate the relation between market volatility and the behaviour of the variance—;covariance matrix. It is found that the international variance—;covariance matrix is not stable and that changes in the matrix are dependent on the volatility regime. A high level of variance causes an increase in the average correlation coefficient. The co-movement of the markets is further described by a steady increase in the covariance over the whole sample period. It can be shown that both the time component and the regime dependence of the average correlation have separate and significant explanatory power.     

我国基金风格资产收益长记忆性分析——基于修正R/S方法的研究

证券市场是个典型的非线性复杂系统。本文运用修正R/S分析法对我国基金风格资产收益单一分形的基本统计特征进行检验,并与经典R/S方法进行对比分析。研究结果表明:在日、周、月等三种时间标度下Hurst指数均显著大于0.5,表现为持久相关性特征,说明股市风格具有长记忆性;从经典R/S分析结果看,我国股市风格具有显著的分形结构特征,风格资产指数收益率序列具有长记忆性,不同风格资产的业绩具有不同的周期性。     

Term structure of return correlations and international diversification: evidence from European stock markets

The paper examines the term structure of correlations of weekly returns for the stock market in the US, Japan and nine European countries between 1988 and 1994. Stock indices are decomposed into permanent and temporary components using a canonical correlation analysis and then short- and long-horizon return correlations are calculated from these two price components. The empirical results reveal that the relationships of return correlations among these stock markets are not stable across return horizons. While correlations, in general, tend to increase with return horizons, there are several cases showing that correlations decline when investment horizons increase.     

中美黄金市场的价格发现和动态条件相关性研究

本文运用向量误差修正模型、Hasbrouck信息份额分析法和Engle(2002)提出的动态条件相关多元GARCH模型,研究从2004年11月18日至2008年11月17日期间,中国黄金市场与美国黄金市场的价格发现和动态条件相关性。实证结果发现:中国黄金市场现货和美国黄金市场期货、ETF三者间存在长期均衡关系,美国黄金市场ETF和期货在价格发现过程中居主导地位;中美黄金市场间的相关性随时间变化而动态改变,上海黄金交易所开设夜市交易及延长夜市交易时间,增加了两个市场的关联性,但中国黄金期货的推出和2008年全球金融危机的加深,又使中美黄金市场间的相关性有所降低。     

El coeficiente de Hurst y el parámetro α-estable para el análisis de series financieras Aplicación al mercado cambiario mexicano

This paper addresses the utility of estimating the parameter α of α-stable distribution and the Hurst coefficient for financial series in periods of high volatility. By estimating the Hurst coefficient and the parameter α we seek to explore the violation of two assumptions in modeling financial series, the assumption that the series are normally distributed and that the successive returns are independent. We present the case of the peso dollar Fix Mexico exchange rate in the 1992–2011 period. One of the main results is the identification of fractal characteristics and heavy tails in the series for some periods in different magnitudes, such differences are accentuated during crisis periods. Characterizing the series by these parameters through an index will improve decision-making on the type of analysis that is methodologically correct to apply in a specific time window for asset pricing and risk management.     

Mispricing and lasting arbitrage between parallel markets in the Czech Republic

If co-existing parallel markets are efficient, then arbitrage will maintain a correct pricing relationship. A related question is whether two parallel emerging markets offering more or less the same securities but using different institutional designs, can behave as a single, fully integrated market. In this paper an explicit model of price convergence (with transaction costs) is introduced, in which price differences are studied using levels of arbitrage activity. For the empirical analysis two parallel markets in the Czech Republic are used — the Prague Stock Exchange (PSE) and the RMS (over-the-counter system). In particular, the degree of arbitrage activity is studied for different segments of the PSE and the evolution of arbitrage in the early history of these emerging markets. The empirical results provide evidence of market linkage for actively traded stocks. A significant relationship is found between the segment of the market to which a given firm belongs and the estimated level of arbitrage trading. Moreover, the level of arbitrage activity increases over time for all market segments, and as the markets mature, the differences among the segments gradually disappear.     

中国艺术品投资收益:离岸与在岸市场的特征和互动

文物艺术品既是一个国家的历史印记和文化瑰宝,也是情感资产和动产。本文基于2000-2017年全球艺术品核心市场--北京、香港、纽约和伦敦核心拍卖行中国书画的微观数据,使用特征价格法构建全球中国艺术品市场价格指数,展示全球中国艺术品拍卖市场发展的全貌,同时创新性地使用重复交易数据探讨离岸和在岸中国艺术品市场投资特征和互动关系。研究表明:北京和香港市场作为中国艺术品最大的在岸和离岸拍卖市场价格相互联动,走势基本一致;艺术品财务收益和精神回报是艺术品投资收藏和消费的主要原因,不同市场间财务收益和风险分散的差异是艺术品市场资产配置和资金流动的动力;纽约和伦敦市场中国艺术品投资收益率低于北京和香港,香港是全球中国艺术品投资收益率最高的地区,重复交易中的北京-香港交易策略占优,离岸香港市场得天独厚的环境优势使香港中国艺术品市场未来发展前景可期。     

Accountability in a Free-Market Economy: The British Company Audit, 1886

The relative merits of market forces compared with regulations as the more efficient mechanism for ensuring adequate accountability from business (and non-business) organizations is a subject of keen debate. Britain in the second half of the nineteenth century is regularly cited as an example of how the market will ensure adequate accountability in the absence of regulatory requirements. There is a great deal of speculation but very little hard evidence concerning the precise levels of accountability during this period. This study is designed to penetrate contemporary attitudes and actions by using primary sources to determine the audit arrangements made by quoted companies in the year 1886. It is discovered that professionally qualified accountants generally, and chartered accountants in particular, had achieved a dominant position by 1886, and possibly rather earlier; a finding which is also used to illuminate the question of the nature of the professional accountants' work in the late nineteenth century.