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1.
日本"泡沫经济"时期的货币与财政政策及其教训   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
瞿强 《金融论坛》2001,6(9):52-56
日本80年代后期的"泡沫经济"引起了各国经济理论界与实际部门的重视.本文通过对日本"泡沫经济"形成、发展以及破裂三个时期货币与财政政策的考察,认为"泡沫经济"与宏观经济政策的运用与协调失误有很大关系.在80年代中期,过分强调内外经济协调,导致日元在短时期内急剧升值,为了防止由此而引发的经济衰退,在国内政策上又单纯依赖货币政策,财政政策过于保守;在"泡沫经济"形成与发展过程中,日本银行恪守传统的货币政策目标,在一般物价水平稳定的情况下,忽视了资产价格的上涨及其对经济的影响;在"泡沫"破裂之后,货币政策几乎无所作为,而单纯依靠扩张性财政政策的效果有限.  相似文献   

2.
2008金融危机爆发前,中国经济表现出通货膨胀加剧,资产价格居高不下等过热表象,为此,管理层遵循凯恩斯主义原则出台了一系列从紧的货币政策.但从宏观经济的晴雨表--股票市场的表现来看,货币政策几乎是完全失效了.这似乎论证了理性预期学派坚持的观点--政府经济周期政策无效论;但其"完全理性"的前提假设与现实并不相符.本文试图从其假设缺陷出发说明是微观交易人的有限理性预期而不是完全理性推动了股指的上涨,因此,基于凯恩斯主义的政策不是"对症下药",仅依据经济数据制定政策是不完善的.  相似文献   

3.
宏观审慎政策与货币政策之间的关系是当前理论研究的前沿,国内外对于宏观审慎政策与货币政策目标之间的关系、协调研究还很少.本文在回顾国内外研究的基础上,对宏观审慎政策与货币政策目标进行了比较,比较了两者目标的共同点、不同点,并分析了宏观审慎政策与货币政策目标协调的必要性:两者目标联系紧密、互相影响、具有互补性、需要关注潜在冲突,最后基于前述研究的基础上提出了对策建议.  相似文献   

4.
货币政策是最重要的金融政策之一,但不能等同于金融政策.货币政策的任务是协调金融与经济增长的关系并为经济增长提供稳定的金融环境,货币政策有效性的标志在于货币政策目标的实现程度.  相似文献   

5.
本文利用结构性向量自回归模型从货币政策传导渠道角度讨论了金融中介与货币政策之间的关系.研究表明,政策利率将货币政策目标精准传递至实体经济的效率较低;外国货币政策对我国存在一定的溢出效应;汇率调整对于实体经济的影响具有不确定性;货币政策的信贷渠道传导存在时滞.据此,本文提出了一些优化货币政策传导路径的可行性政策建议.  相似文献   

6.
吴超 《上海金融》2012,(5):16-22,116
本文在一个完整框架内详细考察了房地产价格波动、货币政策调控与我国宏观经济稳定之间的溢出关系与关联特征,从均值水平和波动层面上实证研究了实际产出、通货膨胀、货币政策和房地产价格之间的作用关系。结果显示,房地产价格能够显著影响经济运行并能够在均值和波动层面显著影响货币政策,而货币政策对调控房地产价格作用有限,仅在波动层面具有显著影响。事实上,近年来的政策实践表明,仅靠货币政策难以有效调控房地产市场价格,必须借助多种相关政策措施的配合与协调。  相似文献   

7.
西方经济学界货币政策透明度理论研究述评   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
货币政策透明度是指非对称信息在政策制定者与其他经济主体之间的披露程度,它包括中央银行对政策相关信息的披露程度以及公众对政策信息的理解程度两层内涵.实践中,政策制定者选择多大程度的透明度主要取决于实际的经济环境和政策目标.从纯经济学的角度来讲,政策有效性是决定是否要提高货币政策透明度的唯一原因;而实践中无论是透明还是隐秘的货币政策,都有可能实现比较理想的调控结果.  相似文献   

8.
<正> 公债政策作为政府宏观经济政策的一个组成部分,它不完全与财政政策和货币政策相同,又联结着这两个政策手段.起着桥梁和中介的作用.并辅助和配合着它们的运作而共同完成政府的宏观经济政策目标。本文仅分析我国和西方国家公债政策与货币政策关系的差异。  相似文献   

9.
由本次全球金融危机引发的资产价格泡沫与货币政策、宏观审慎监管之间关系研究的热潮是对以往货币政策和宏观审慎政策理论的一次深刻反思,将有可能导致理论上的重大突破和政策实践上的重大调整.这是当前全球货币政策理论和实践领域的最前沿、最热门的课题.近期国外机构的研究认为:(1)现有的通货膨胀指标不能全面准确反映货币购买力的变化,必然导致资产价格泡沫周期;(2)可以从经济金融变量中提取资产价格泡沫形成的早期预警信息,这为采用"逆风而动"的货币政策策略创造了条件;(3)现行的货币政策框架需要调整,以抑制资产价格泡沫的形成;(4)调整后的货币政策策略仍不足以应对金融失衡,需改进宏观审慎监管,与货币政策一起共同应对金融失衡.国外的研究对我国的政策实践具有借鉴意义.  相似文献   

10.
货币政策传导机制:货币渠道抑或信贷渠道   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
对中国货币政策的传导机制实证分析得出:货币供给量与国内生产总值存在长期稳定关系,货币供给量作为货币政策代理变量具有较大的内生性;但是信贷配额与国内生产总值之间不存在长期稳定关系。中国货币政策传导机制主要还是货币渠道进行的,信贷渠道还不是货币政策传到的主渠道。  相似文献   

11.
本文在两国模型的DSGE框架下引入宏观审慎政策监管机制,把金融摩擦、国际资本流动和宏观审慎政策纳入同一个一般均衡分析框架。通过国际贸易和国际资本流动机制,考察宏观审慎政策的国际影响机制。基于我国的模拟分析结果表明,第一,对于我国来说,宏观审慎政策的国际合作不仅能够有效地应对国内经济冲击,也有助于抵御外部经济冲击。第二,我国推动构建国际宏观审慎政策长效合作机制,有助于积极应对国际资本流动,促进我国资本市场进一步开放。第三,我国宏观审慎政策存在国际溢出效应,但是对其他国家的影响并不明显。  相似文献   

12.
I discuss changes to bank supervision and regulation since the financial crisis. Microprudential supervision promotes the safety and soundness of individual institutions, while macroprudential supervision focuses on emerging risks to financial system stability. I highlight tools for implementing this macroprudential approach to promoting financial stability, and discuss the interactions and proper relationship between monetary policy and financial stability. While macroprudential tools should be the first line of defense against emerging financial imbalances, in cases where those tools proved to be inadequate to limit risks to financial stability, monetary policy should be considered as a possible defense.  相似文献   

13.
This paper investigates the nexus between monetary stability and financial stability. We examine, in the experience of EMU between 1994 and 2008, first, the response of the term structure of interest rates, share prices, exchange rates, property price inflation and the deposit–loan ratio of the banking sector (our proxies for financial stability) to changes in the consumer price level and ECB policy rate (our proxies for monetary stability); second, whether and to what extent lower inflation has caused share price stability and how ECB policy rate has reacted to inflation. Using a sign-restriction-based VAR approach, we find that there is a pro-cyclical relationship between monetary and financial stability in the long-run. With a positive inflation shock, we find on average a 2% estimated decline in share prices. This suggests that the interest rate instrument used for inflation targeting is conducive to financial stability.  相似文献   

14.
Evidence on central banks’ twin objective, monetary and financial stability, is scarce. We suggest an integrated micro–macro approach with two core virtues. First, we measure financial stability directly at the bank level as the probability of distress. Second, we integrate a microeconomic hazard model for bank distress and a standard macroeconomic model. The advantage of this approach is to incorporate micro information, to allow for non-linearities and to permit general feedback effects between financial distress and the real economy. We base the analysis on German bank and macro data between 1995 and 2004. Our results confirm the existence of a trade-off between monetary and financial stability. An unexpected tightening of monetary policy increases the probability of distress. This effect disappears when neglecting microeffects and non-linearities, underlining their importance. Distress responses are largest for small cooperative banks, weak distress events, and at times when capitalization is low. An important policy implication is that the separation of financial supervision and monetary policy requires close collaboration among members in the European System of Central Banks and national bank supervisors.  相似文献   

15.
金融体系在货币政策传导过程中起“中介”作用,货币渠道过程是通过金融市场从货币政策冲击到市场零售利率的价格传导过程,信贷渠道是通过商业银行从中央银行到商业银行的数量传导过程。完善我国金融体系有利于提高货币政策传导效果,同时也是市场经济体制改革的要求,我国中央银行实施货币政策时应该考虑区域金融差异的客观事实。  相似文献   

16.
Many central banks have adopted explicit objectives for financial stability, raising the possibility of trade-offs between price and financial stability objectives. Based on structural vector autoregressions that incorporate both monetary and macroprudential policy shocks for four inflation targeting economies in Asia and the Pacific, we analyse the role of each policy shock in explaining deviations from the other policy’s objective, by applying historical decompositions. The macroprudential measures used in the study affect credit extended to the private sector. We find that there are periods when macroprudential policy shocks have contributed to pushing inflation away from the central bank’s inflation target and when monetary policy shocks have contributed to buoyant credit, suggesting that there have been short-term trade-offs between price and financial stability objectives. However, we also find periods when macroprudential policy shocks helped stabilise inflation and monetary policy shocks contributed to financial stability.  相似文献   

17.
Monetary policy and financial markets are intrinsically linked. Central banks conduct monetary policy by influencing financial market prices. Financial market prices reflect the expectations of market participants about future economic and monetary developments. Monetary policy works primarily through expectations. Transparency and credibility render monetary policy more effective. However, they are no substitutes for action. If a credible central bank uses words with the explicit aim of substituting them for action, it will risk losing credibility. To avoid what has been described as “the dog chasing its tail” problem, central banks must exercise caution in basing their monetary policy decisions on financial market information. The information about expected future developments reflected in market prices must be continuously cross-checked against economic and monetary indicators in what amounts to a “checks and balances” approach to monetary policy.  相似文献   

18.
Monetary and financial stability: Here to stay?   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
We argue that changes in the monetary and financial regimes over the last twenty years or so have been subtly altering the dynamics of the economy and hence the challenges that monetary and prudential authorities face. In particular, the current environment may be more vulnerable to the occasional build up of financial imbalances, i.e. over-extensions in (private sector) balance sheets, which herald economic weakness and unwelcome disinflation down the road, as they unwind. As a result, achieving simultaneous monetary and financial stability in a lasting way may call for refinements to current monetary and prudential policy frameworks. These refinements would entail a firmer long-term focus, greater symmetry in policy responses between upswings and downswings, with greater attention to actions during upswings, and closer coordination between monetary and prudential authorities.  相似文献   

19.
This paper examines whether recent financial changes in three emerging market economies in the Gulf region (Bahrain, the UAE, and Qatar) have distorted the character and the stability of their underlying long-run money demand relations. Money demand instability prompts concerns about the appropriateness of targeting monetary aggregates and could weaken the presumed link between monetary policy and its ultimate objectives. Our results suggest that the quick pace of financial changes in the three emerging market economies did not cause undue shifts in their equilibrium money demand relations. Further evidence from direct tests of cointegration stability indicates the superiority of targeting M1 in the UAE and M2 for Qatar. In Bahrain, both M1 and M2 prove equally appropriate to guide monetary policy. Thus, despite the wave of financial developments that have recently swept the three Gulf economies, the evidence suggests that monetary authorities in these countries should maintain a close watch on monetary growth as a principal policy guide.  相似文献   

20.
以2007~2012年上市公司的并购事件为样本,考察银企关系的不同形态对企业并购支付方式选择的影响。研究发现,具有良好银企关系的企业更倾向于采取现金并购支付方式,但是银企关系的不同形态对企业并购支付方式的选择具有不同的影响。与企业持股银行(股权式银企关系)相比,企业高管的银行背景(信任式银企关系)更倾向于采取现金支付方式。加入制度环境(货币政策以及地区金融发展水平)进一步检验后发现,在货币紧缩时期和金融发展水平低的地区,以上结论依然成立。  相似文献   

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