上市公司社会责任信息披露与资本成本的互动关系研究

根据现代企业组织理论,企业承担了社会责任就应当履行向社会披露企业信息的义务。社会责任信息扮演着与财务信息类似的角色,即减少信息不对称,降低资本成本。但其又不同于财务信息披露,因此正确认识社会责任信息披露与资本成本之间的关系,有利于促进上市公司积极承担社会责任,降低资本成本,提高其盈利水平。     

企业社会责任信息披露与权益资本成本

运用理论分析和实证检验的方法从权益资本成本的角度研究我国上市公司企业社会责任信息披露的经济动机.研究发现:上市公司上期权益资本成本越高,本期披露社会责任报告的可能性越大,说明降低权益资本成本是上市公司决定是否披露社会责任报告的重要经济动机;对于首次披露企业社会责任报告的公司,上期权益资本成本越高,本期社会责任信息披露质量越高;但对非首次披露企业社会责任报告的公司来说,披露企业社会责任报告的资本成本动机不显著.     

碳信息披露与资本成本的关系研究

资本市场上企业的信息披露行为从财务信息披露到非财务信息披露,从企业社会责任报告披露到碳排放披露。企业自愿披露更多的信息都是为了自身利益,包括提高企业价值,降低资本成本等。本文从碳信息披露与资本成本的关系视角出发,以剖析企业的资本成本是否受益于更好的碳信息披露。     

智力资本信息披露对股权资本成本的影响

本文利用智力资本信息披露大样本数据,研究智力资本信息披露对股权资本成本的影响机制.研究表明:(1)总体智力资本、人力资本信息披露与股权成本负相关.(2)相对于内控质量较低的企业,内控质量高的企业披露智力资本与人力资本信息,能够更有效地降低股权成本.(3)与竞争缓和环境中的企业相比,激烈竞争环境中的企业的智力资本、人力资本信息披露对股权成本的降低作用更强.此外,总体智力资本、人力资本信息披露能够通过缓解信息不对称、减少买卖价差的中介路径发挥降低股权成本的作用.     

社会责任信息披露与资本成本研究综述

经济的快速发展带来了一系列问题,从而使得社会责任信息披露越来越被公众所关注。对于企业而言,弄清社会责任信息披露与资本成本的关系变得尤为重要。通过回顾社会责任信息披露对资本成本的影响的文献,对现有的研究进行归纳总结,并加以评述,以期对后续研究提供一些借鉴和建议。     

海外企业社会责任信息披露研究综述及启示

研究发现，企业进行社会信息披露的外在驱动因素主要有两种：一是来自规章制度和立法的压力；二是来自投资者及其他利益相关者对企业社会责任信息的需求。而企业进行社会责任信息披露的内在影响因素主要有：成本和利益、战略、企业绩效、公司规模、行业属性等。当前国外企业社会责任信息披露实践和理论研究成果主要表现在企业社会责任信息披露能够给企业资本市场行为带来的利益，如较高的股价、较低的股票风险和较低的资本成本，而且，随着投资者对企业社会责任信息需求的增多，投资者关系的内涵也在扩展，与投资者沟通企业社会责任信息已成为国外企业的发展趋势。     

上市公司社会责任信息披露与股权资本成本相关性研究

我国大部分上市公司都以权益融资为获取资金的主要渠道,因此企业都希望股权融资成本可以保持在理想的水平上。随着社会环境的变化及市场投资者素质水平的提高教资者对公司信息披露的要求也从仅仅专注于公司的财务信息到更关注公司社会责任（CSR）履行情况的信息。本文以深市和沪市A股上市公司为样本,检验了公司社会责任信息披露质量与公司股权资本成本的相关关系。实证结果表明啦会责任信息披露的水平提高可以促进股权资本成本的降低。     

信息不对称对中小企业融资决策的影响研究——以东莞市中小企业为例

本文以信息不对称理论所强调的代理成本和资本市场层次理论所强调的信息披露成本为理论出发点,以东莞中小企业为案例,研究表明,我国创业板市场建立的意义不在于它能够彻底地解决中小企业融资过程中的代理成本问题,而在于它使中小企业能够通过融资渠道的选择,降低其融资过程中的代理成本,并且通过衡量不同资本市场层级的融资收益与信息披露成本之间的差额,实现企业价值最大化。     

社会责任信息披露与股价崩盘风险--基于信息效应与声誉保险效应的路径分析北大核心CSSCISSCI

本文从企业信息不对称和投资者情绪两个角度探讨了企业股价崩盘风险的形成机理,并以2009-2014年沪深A股上市公司为样本,分别从社会责任信息披露的信息效应和声誉保险效应两条路径考察了对股价崩盘风险的影响。研究发现,社会责任信息披露与未来股价崩盘风险显著负相关,说明企业披露社会责任信息降低了未来股价崩盘风险。对影响路径的分析发现,社会责任信息同时通过信息效应和声誉保险效应降低股价崩盘风险,但声誉保险效应占据主导地位。在通过一系列稳健性检验后,以上结论仍成立。拓展分析表明,自愿社会责任信息披露相对于应规披露,对股价崩盘风险的约束作用更强,且上述关系在企业违规这一特定情境下仍成立。本文不仅丰富了企业股价崩盘风险形成机理的理解和分析范式,为股价崩盘风险的预防提供了新的经验支持,对于深入理解社会责任信息披露的经济后果也具有重要的理论与现实意义。     

社会责任信息披露对企业资本结构的影响——基于市场竞争度的视角

社会责任信息披露是企业与利益相关者进行沟通的重要渠道,亦是履行企业社会责任的重要手段,外部利益相关者可借此了解企业的经营策略。以2012年沪深两市上市公司为截面样本,通过实证研究发现：企业社会责任信息披露与资本结构之间呈现“U”型结构,且该结构在市场竞争激烈时显著,在市场竞争度低时不显著,说明市场竞争强化了企业社会责任信息披露与资本结构之间的关系。     

Corporate social responsibility disclosure and the cost of equity capital: The roles of stakeholder orientation and financial transparency

We examine the benefits associated with corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure in an international setting covering 31 countries. Using variables such as the legal status of labor protection, CSR disclosure requirements, and public awareness of and attitudes toward CSR issues, we divide countries into more and less stakeholder-oriented groups. We find a negative association between CSR disclosure and the cost of equity capital; this relationship is more pronounced in stakeholder-oriented countries. We also find evidence that financial and CSR disclosures act as substitutes for each other in reducing the cost of equity capital. This study furthers our understanding of CSR disclosure and its consequences.     

Quality of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Cost of Equity Capital: Lessons from China

This article explores the relationship between the quality of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and the cost of equity capital by analyzing the financial data and CSR reports of A-share listed firms in China from 2008 to 2014. The quality of the CSR disclosure is shown to be negatively related to the cost of equity capital of the listed firms. This negative correlation proves to be more prominent among firms of environmentally sensitive industries. Taking the ownership of the listed firms into consideration, it is further confirmed that the negative relationship between the CSR disclosure and the cost of equity capital is of higher significance for state-owned enterprises. Our findings also empirically demonstrate that the quality of CSR disclosure is more negatively related to the cost of equity capital among the large listed firms than the smaller ones.     

Informative or distracting: CSR disclosure of peer firms and analyst forecast accuracy

We investigate the relationship between the CSR disclosure of peer firms and the analyst forecast accuracy of the focal firm. We find a negative association between peer CSR disclosure and analyst forecast error of the focal firm, indicating that peer CSR disclosure is informative. This negative association is more pronounced when the information environment of the focal firm is worse, when the correlation in fundamentals between the focal firm and its peers is higher, when the business of the focal firm is less complex, when the focal firm has more expert analyst coverage, when the focal firm's financial performance is more sensitive to CSR engagement, or when the quality of peer CSR disclosure is higher. Overall, we show that peer CSR disclosure conveys value-relevant information about the focal firm. Our study enriches the literature on both analyst forecasts and peer information, and we also provide important implications for practitioners in understanding the role of CSR disclosure in capital markets.     

A Textual Analysis of US Corporate Social Responsibility Reports

We employ computer-based textual analysis to examine disclosure patterns for a sample of US corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports from the period 2002–2016. Starting from 466 features commonly used in computational linguistics, our results show that the linguistics or disclosure patterns in CSR reports can be used to accurately predict the actual CSR performance type of CSR reporters. Specifically, we find that the two most commonly used disclosure characteristics, number of words and number of sentences, alone can be used to predict reporting firms’ CSR performance type with 81% accuracy. The accuracy of prediction increases to 96% when the top 50 linguistics features most relevant to firms’ CSR performance are included in the prediction model. In addition, we find that the linguistic features of CSR disclosure identified by our study are incrementally value relevant to investors even after controlling for the actual CSR performance score from the professional CSR rating agencies. This finding suggests that the linguistic features of CSR disclosure can be an important venue for capital market participants in evaluating firms’ CSR performance type, especially when professional CSR performance ratings are not available.     

The relevance of environmental disclosures: Are such disclosures incrementally informative?

Establishing the information content of transparent voluntary environmental disclosures and the source of this information content is of fundamental importance for corporate social responsibility (CSR) practitioners. Our results indicate that: (1) incremental to information provided by current Toxics Releases Inventory (TRI) data, voluntary environmental disclosures provide valuation relevant information; (2) the various disclosure categories are similar in value relevance, implying that each category is informative of management’s current environmental strategies; (3) current TRI is positively associated with cost of capital but there is no association between voluntary environmental disclosures and cost of capital; and (4) taken together, the above results point to a signaling role for such disclosures and financial performance prediction as the means by which voluntary environmental disclosures enhance firm value. This advances the literature by pinning down the source of firm value enhancement of such disclosures. Our results suggest that a proactive environmental strategy and the signaling of such a strategy to investors can enhance a firm’s stock price, a finding which will assist CSR practitioners in convincing top management that proactive environmental strategies combined with transparent voluntary environmental disclosures are worthwhile.     

Do Financial Markets Care about Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure? Further Evidence from China

Corporations increasingly define their corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities as a part of their business. However, is this trend beneficial to investors? Based on an event study methodology and a sample of Chinese listed companies, we extend the literature on voluntary disclosure by exploring the role of CSR disclosure in reducing stock market information asymmetry, as proxied by share price volatility and liquidity. Our results show that the share price volatility after CSR disclosure is lower than before CSR disclosure; however, the trend is that it decreases first and then increases for three months following disclosure. Stock liquidity also significantly improves after CSR disclosure; however, it increases first and then decreases. Additionally, by dividing CSR disclosure into economic (hard) disclosure and generic (soft) disclosure, we find that the reduction in information asymmetry is higher for hard disclosure than soft disclosure, suggesting that although CSR disclosure does indeed have an impact on investors’ behaviour in China, an economic‐based disclosure contributes more substantially. Finally, to better understand the characteristics of the Chinese financial market, we also explore the role of marketisation with results that show that the effect in reducing information asymmetry is greater for companies located in a region with a higher degree of marketisation.     

董事会报告可读性、制度环境与股权资本成本

依据2007-2016年中国上市公司数据,考量上市公司董事会报告的可读性、制度环境与股权资本成本之间的关系。结果发现：董事会报告更好的可读性、制度环境更完善有助于降低公司股权资本成本;制度环境越完善,公司股权资本成本越少受到董事会报告可读性的影响。鉴此,应完善公司非财务信息披露和外部制度环境,促进企业有效信息的对外传递,降低企业融资成本。     

上市公司分部信息披露动因与约束

分部信息的披露主体主要是上市公司.公司出于竞争投资者有限的资金等目的有自愿披露分部信息的动因.由于分部信息披露存在成本,在没有管制的情况下,企业出于自身利益最大化考虑,将通过对收益和成本的权衡来决定分部信息披露.由于分部信息披露的外部性、分部信息分布的不对称性等,不能完全依赖于自愿披露,必须对分部信息披露进行适度的管制,强制公司披露分部信息.     

Disclosure and the cost of capital: A discussion

In this discussion I comment on the contribution of two papers toward our understanding of how disclosure affects the cost of capital. Specifically, in the context of these papers, I comment on whether disclosure ameliorates or exacerbates the cost of capital that arises from the existence of information asymmetries in capital markets. This is a notion that should be of fundamental interest in that it provides an economic basis for evaluating the costs and benefits of accounting information.