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1.
本文在国外理论研究的基础上,深化和拓展了汇率传递效应非对称性理论,分析了1995年1季度至2009年4季度期间人民币汇率变动对原油进口价格的动态影响以及人民币汇率变动对原油进口价格传递效应的非对称性。结论表明,第一,人民币汇率变动对原油进口价格存在较强的传递效应,部分时间存在超传递现象和逆传递现象。第二,汇率变动对原油进口价格的传递效应总体并未出现下降趋势,而呈现时大时小的特征,汇率变动对原油进口价格的传递效应与通货膨胀两者之间存在一定的负向关系,这与以往研究从宏观层面得到的结论截然不同。第三,无论本文单独考察升值和贬值条件下人民币汇率对原油进口价格传递的非对称性,还是加入汇率变动幅度这一约束条件来分析,本文均得到贬值的传递效应大于升值传递效应的结论。同时,汇率波动幅度大于某一特定临界值时,传递效应显著;反之,则不存在传递效应。  相似文献   

2.
本文运用滚动回归分析方法,研究自1995年至2013年人民币汇率变动对价格水平的影响。通过设置虚拟变量、运用门限模型等计量方法从汇率变动方向和汇率变动幅度两个层面考察了人民币汇率传递的非对称性。实证结果表明,不论采用OLS回归模型还是门限回归模型均得到人民币汇率传递是不完全的结论,且在2008年全球金融危机发生以后,人民币汇率变动对进口价格和国内物价水平的汇率传递效应都呈现下降趋势。并且由门限模型得到的实证结果表明:人民币贬值对进口价格和国内物价的传递效应都较大,人民币变动波幅较大时对进口价格的传递效应较大,人民币变动波幅较小时对国内物价水平的传递效应较大。  相似文献   

3.
引 言 汇率传递是国际经济学领域一个重要的研究课题.《新帕尔格雷夫货币金融大辞典》将汇率传递(exchange pass-through)定义为"进口价格对汇率变化反应的程度",也就是商品进口国和出口国之间1%的汇率变动导致以本币计量的进口价格的百分比变化.随着研究的深入,汇率传递的概念得到进一步扩展,上述定义被称为狭义的汇率传递.Kahn (1987),Menon (1995),McCarthy (2000),Hufner和Schoder (2002)等提出了广义汇率传递的定义,指"国内价格对汇率变动的反应过程",国内价格水平包括消费者价格、生产者价格、投资品价格、零售价格、批发价格等不同价格指标.研究我国人民币汇率变动对国内物价的影响程度、作用机制,可以帮助我们更好地预测通货膨胀水平,增强货币政策的针对性,提高政策干预的时效性,及时有效地化解汇率波动对物价水平的不利影响,从而促进国民经济持续平稳发展.  相似文献   

4.
汇率传递效应不仅影响国内总需求与总供给的均衡.而且还会影响国内货币政策实施的有效性。人民币汇率变动对我国进口价格及其他价格水平的传递程度是决定汇率调节我国贸易收支以及稳定国内物价水平的一个关键因素。本文的目的在于运用协整等方法分析人民币汇率变动对我国出口价格水平的影响,研究结果表明:无论长期内还是短期内,进出口价格对汇率波动的反应都较为敏感,不完全汇率的传递广泛存在于中国的出口企业。  相似文献   

5.
人民币升值的价格传递效果是近年来的一个研究热点。已有学者利用人民币汇率变动与关国对我国进口价格指数等数据进行研究,得出了人民币汇率变动的价格传递极低的结论。本文选择美国与我国贸易品相关性较高的消费品价格指数,利用2005年7月至2008年10月之间的月度数据,采用Johsen&Juselius协整检验、误差修正模型分析汇改以来人民币汇率升值期间中关双边名义汇率变动的价格传递效应。研究发现中关双边名义汇率波动对美国消费物价的影响是显著的,长短期传递系数分别为O.1871、0.1917,并在此研究中得到几点政策启示。  相似文献   

6.
运用2005年1月至2010年6月的月度数据,对人民币汇率在不同行业进口价格传递效应的大小进行了测算,结果表明产品可替代性越高的行业其汇率的进口价格传递效应也相应越强,反之则反是。基于上述结论,进一步分析了人民币汇率变动对中国产业结构调整的影响,认为人民币的自由浮动有利于产业结构的优化调整。  相似文献   

7.
传统的汇率价格传递效应理论是建立在一价定律基础上的,认为汇率变动会对进出口价格产生完全的传递效应。但是,大量的实证研究表明,汇率变动引致的进出口价格相应的变动往往是不完全的。关于汇率变动对进出口价格的不完全传递效应,多数学者从微观经济学的视角展开研究,如不完全竞争、价格歧视、沉淀成本、厂商定价策略等;近年来也有一些学者试图从宏观经济学的视角进行解释,如一国通货膨胀环境、货币政策稳定性等。  相似文献   

8.
本文在局部均衡框架下建立了引入进口关税的成本加成模型分析国外出口厂商的定价行为,并构建了我国各产业的进口价格、名义有效汇率和国外出口商生产成本指数,利用分布滞后模型首次对各产业的汇率传递效应进行了实证研究。主要发现:无论短期还是长期,各产业进口价格的汇率传递效应都存在很大差异。以采掘、皮革、冶金和纺织为主的资源类产品的进口价格传递弹性普遍较高,甚至超过具有高附加值的机械产业。资源类中以进口稀有金属为主的采掘业长期传递弹性最高。短期内,几乎所有产业的外国出口厂商都会通过调整成本加成来吸收汇率变动;而在长期,汇率变动基本上对各产业进口价格都有不同程度的传递,尤其资源类产业更倾向于采取生产方货币定价方式。结果表明我国一方面可以通过汇率升值提高购买力,另一方面在产业结构调整中则强烈需要改变现有高耗能的增长模式。  相似文献   

9.
我国中小出口企业出口价格汇率传递弹性实证分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以2003年12月到2010年7月美国对进口中国产品价格的统计为样本,以Feenstra(1998)、Marston(1989)和Ohno(1989)的理论模型为基础,研究人民币汇率变动对进口国进口价格的传递程度,得出人民币汇率对我国中小出口企业出口价格不完全传递的结论,揭示不完全传递的原因和启示。  相似文献   

10.
基于2005年7月至2010年6月的数据估计了进出口价格的汇率传递弹性。回归模型分析的结果认为名义有效汇率变动对进口价格的影响大于对出口价格的影响。对人民币名义有效汇率与贸易条件的关系进行协整检验,结果在长期内二者存在协整关系。通过脉冲响应函数和方差分解得出结论:人民币名义有效汇率变动不是引起贸易条件变动的主要原因,名义有效汇率变动的贡献度在第11期之后,稳定在17.4%左右。  相似文献   

11.
This paper develops a view of exchange rate policy as a trade-off between the desire to smooth fluctuations in real exchange rates so as to reduce distortions in consumption allocations, and the need to allow flexibility in the nominal exchange rate so as to facilitate terms of trade adjustment. We show that optimal nominal exchange rate volatility will reflect these competing objectives. The key determinants of how much the exchange rate should respond to shocks will depend on the extent and source of price stickiness, the elasticity of substitution between home and foreign goods, and the amount of home bias in production. Quantitatively, we find the optimal exchange rate volatility should be significantly less than would be inferred based solely on terms of trade considerations. Moreover, we find that the relationship between price stickiness and optimal exchange rate volatility may be non-monotonic.  相似文献   

12.
This paper extends the Mussa and Rosen (1978) model of quality pricing under perfect competition. Exporters sell goods of different qualities to consumers who have heterogeneous preferences for quality. Production is subject to decreasing returns to scale and, therefore, supply and the toughness of competition react to cost changes brought about by exchange rate fluctuations. First, we predict that exchange rate shocks are imperfectly passed through into prices. Second, prices of low-quality goods are more sensitive to exchange rate shocks than prices of high-quality goods. Third, in response to an exchange rate appreciation, the composition of exports shifts toward higher quality and more expensive goods. We test these predictions using highly disaggregated price and quantity U.S. import data and find only weak empirical evidence in support of our theory.  相似文献   

13.
The real exchange rate is driven by fluctuations of the relative price of traded goods and the relative price of nontraded to traded goods. This study explains the variance decomposition of the real exchange rate using a stochastic dynamic general equilibrium model of comparative advantage with money. Given interest rate shocks, exchange rate stability reduces the covariance between the two relative prices and raises the contribution of the relative price of nontraded to traded goods. Productivity shocks do not alter the covariance across exchange rate regimes and let the relative price of traded goods drive the real exchange rate.  相似文献   

14.
Exchange rate disconnect is one of the central puzzles in international macroeconomics. Recently, there is a growing literature that studies the microeconomic foundations or mechanisms for incomplete exchange rate pass-through. However, the estimations of the exchange rate pass-through vary widely in the existing literature. Our article proposes the use of a policy-based instrumental variable for exchange rate, exploiting the exchange rate reform in China, and finds that 67% of exchange rate pass-through into the FOB export price of Chinese exports. This contrasts to the almost full exchange rate pass-through using OLS estimation. We further find that the export price of homogeneous goods, low-technology goods, and goods supplied by domestic non-SOEs is more sensitive to exchange rate changes.  相似文献   

15.
Traditional theory attributes fluctuations in real exchange rates to changes in the relative price of nontraded goods. This paper studies the relation between the United States’ bilateral real exchange rate and the associated bilateral relative price of nontraded goods for five of its most important trade relationships. We find that this relation depends crucially on the choice of price series used to measure relative prices and on the choice of trade partner. The relation is stronger when we measure relative prices using producer prices rather than consumer prices. The relation is stronger the more important is the trade relationship between the United States and a trade partner. Even in cases where there is a strong relation between the real exchange rate and the relative price of nontraded goods, however, a large fraction of real exchange rate fluctuations is due to deviations from the law of one price for traded goods.  相似文献   

16.
Departures from purchasing power parity imply that different countries have different prices for goods when a common numeraire is used. Stochastic changes in exchange rates are associated with changes in these prices and constitute additional sources of risk in asset pricing models. This article investigates whether exchange rate risks are priced in international asset markets using a conditional approach that allows for time variation in the rewards for exchange rate risk. The results for equities and currencies of the world's four largest equity markets support the existence of foreign exchange risk premia.  相似文献   

17.
This paper shows that the assumption used in many two-country business cycle models that all non-traded goods are nondurable consumption goods magnifies the severity of the consumption-real exchange rate anomaly, which is the discrepancy between the high correlation between relative consumption and the real exchange rate predicted by most models and the low correlation observed empirically. This assumption hampers the ability to generate wealth effects necessary for the economies to deviate away from full risk-sharing. Using an alternative setup in which non-traded goods can also be investment goods improves the ability of the model to generate wealth effects, and therefore to overcome the anomaly.  相似文献   

18.
本文在汇率的弹性价格货币模型基础上,加入非贸易品与贸易品价格差异因素进行扩展,运用OLS回归方法分析了产出、货币供给、利率对1994-2005年人民币对美元汇率的影响。分析表明,弹性价格货币模型较好的解释了影响人民币对美元汇率的各个因素。贸易品非贸易品的价差显著影响着货币模型的购买力平价和名义汇率的偏离,但是BS效应并不存在。主要原因是作为政策手段的人民币汇率一直被低估,名义汇率低于贸易品购买力平价。  相似文献   

19.
论经济长期稳定增长前提下的人民币汇率改革   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
杨特 《上海金融》2008,(5):66-69
本文首先提出人民币汇率改革应明确一个前提:人民币汇率政策的目标是,使汇率服务于我国经济长期稳定增长的需要。在具体分析了人民币汇率与几大宏观经济目标的关系后,接下来阐述了人民币汇率改革的方向:一是在汇率形戍机制上,随着我国金融体制改革的不断深化,逐步加大人民币汇率的浮动弹性,实现真正的以市场供求为基础的有管理的浮动汇率制度;二是在汇率水平上,与我国经济增长相伴随,实现人民币汇率水平的稳中有升。本文进一步探讨了人民币汇率改革的阶段性目标。最后,针对当前人民币汇率改革面临的问题,笔者提出了相关政策建议,以求实现更为合理的人民币汇率形成机制,从而为人民币汇率改革长期目标的实现打下基础。  相似文献   

20.
We identify periods of capital inflows reversals—looking at both gross and net capital flows—and document the behavior of macro and credit variables in economies with different degrees of exchange rate flexibility. We find that more exchange rate flexibility moderates credit swings during capital flow cycles, mainly because it is associated with milder credit growth during the boom. Flexibility, however, cannot completely shield the economy from a credit reversal. We observe what we dub as a recovery puzzle: credit growth in economies with more flexible exchange rate regimes remains tepid well after the capital flow reversal takes place. This results stress potential complementarity of macro-prudential policies with the exchange rate regime. More flexible regimes could help smoothing the credit cycle through capital surcharges and dynamic provisioning that build buffers to counteract the credit recovery puzzle. In contrast, more rigid exchange rate regimes would benefit the most from measures to contain excessive credit growth during booms, such as reserve requirements, loan-to-income ratios, and debt-to-income and debt-service-to-income limits.  相似文献   

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