智力资本与财务资本:谁对企业价值创造更有效——来自于江浙地区企业的实证研究

财务资本对于企业价值创造的作用是毋庸置疑的,而在知识经济时代,智力资本对于企业价值创造也发挥越来越重要的作用。研究以江苏、浙江等地的企业为分析样本,在智力资本三分法的基础上,通过结构化方程构建了四个嵌套模型。研究结果表明:(1)财务资本对于企业绩效具有重要意义,相对于人力资本更处于核心地位;(2)人力资本不能直接对企业绩效发挥作用,需要通过关系资本和结构资本作为中介;(3)智力资本对于企业绩效的可持续增长具有重要意义,企业要获得长期战略绩效,需要更关注于智力资本的积累与培育。     

智力资本驱动企业绩效的有效性研究——基于制造业、信息技术业和房地产业的实证分析

在知识经济时代,智力资本成为企业价值创造和可持续发展的关键性、稀缺性资源。从企业资源配置的角度而言,企业如何从一般性的竞争力转化为持续的核心竞争力,关键是对智力资本如何进行有效的开发,以及确立以智力资本为核心的价值管理体系。本文选取深、沪交易所A股市场中制造业、信息技术业和房地产业上市公司作为研究对象,对智力资本能否驱动企业的绩效进行实证研究,探索现阶段不同行业有效的智力资本驱动因素的差异,为我国不同行业的企业在配置和管理其智力资本,提升企业绩效方面提供借鉴。     

高科技行业的智力资本多重绩效研究

新经济时代,智力资本及其绩效越来越受到广泛关注。从智力资本增值的概念、计量出发,建立绩效和智力资本增值的实证模型,对深交所A股上市公司按行业和板块分类进行实证研究,发现智力资本对不同类型企业多重绩效均产生影响。     

智力资本与区域性银行经营模式转型

本文通过对国内主要区域性银行智力资本的测算,研究智力资本对银行绩效的影响,结果发现,在智力资本中,资本增值系数对银行绩效有主要推动作用,而人力资本增值系数对于银行绩效提升没有显著作用,结构资本增值系数则与银行绩效呈负相关。这说明物质资本仍是当前区域性银行最重要的资源,其对银行绩效的贡献最大,区域性银行的盈利模式仍然依靠传统的高资本消耗模式。本文认为,与传统发展模式不同,区域性银行的发展应该在新环境下依靠智力资本,应转向依靠经营和管理智力资本的发展模式,而非依靠传统的高信贷规模扩展、单纯依赖物质资本投入。     

智力资本与企业绩效的经济分析

对智力资本与企业绩效相关性的探讨一直都是智力资本研究的热点问题。本文在对国内外的相关研究成果进行梳理的基础上,构建以智力资本导向的企业财务分析体系,通过产业结构与智力资本结构的协同效应的分析,提出优化东北地区智力资本结构与产业结构协同的对策。     

智力资本对上市商业银行绩效的影响--基于VAIC测算方法的实证研究

本文使用VAIC测算方法测算2013-2017年31家上市商业银行智力资本,使用静态面板模型和动态面板模型探究智力资本对商业银行绩效的长短期影响。研究发现,智力资本及其组成对商业银行绩效具有显著促进作用,其中结构资本效率的作用大于人力资本效率;智力资本对商业银行绩效的作用受银行的所有制结构影响;智力资本对商业银行绩效的作用具有持续性。结果带来的启示在于,商业银行应积极响应国家金融供给侧结构性改革政策,充分重视对智力资本资源的利用,不同所有制结构的商业银行对组织结构变革要有针对地实施不同措施。     

利益相关者视角下:智力资本与企业价值的关系探讨

一、引言 随着知识经济时代的到来,企业的资源结构潜移默化地发生了改变,智力资本的比重日益增加,企业价值创造的重心已由实物资产的投资转移至智力资本,从而智力资本成为企业最具价值和最稀缺的资源.智力资本不但是企业获取持续竞争优势的关键所在,也是企业未来创新和利润增长的主要驱动因素.本文拟从利益相关者的角度,探讨智力资本与企业价值之间的关系.     

战略视角下的二元式组织学习研究

本文分析了探索性学习和开发性学习的局限性以及破解两者失衡问题的二元式组织学习方法。通过引入企业战略这一情境因素,将企业战略与组织学习整合形成二元式组织学习的理论框架,研究了智力资本结构对二元式组织学习的作用机理。结果表明,战略情境导向下的摸索式学习和追随式学习作为二元式组织学习的最优模式,可以显著提高组织的创新绩效。     

移动互联网企业资本运营与财务绩效的关联性研究——以乐视网为例

移动互联网企业独特的商业模式及其平台化、一体化的发展趋势,使得其实施资本运营战略尤为重要。本文重新归纳移动互联网企业资本运营的模式,阐释其资本运营战略与财务绩效的正向相关关系,并以乐视网为例运用因子分析法考察该企业实施资本运营战略前后的财务绩效变化,结果表明乐视网开展资本运营的5年间财务绩效综合得分逐步提高,资本运营对其财务绩效的影响较为显著。     

试论智力资本会计

研究表明 ,企业制度变迁的过程 ,也就是实体资本与人力资本逐渐分离的过程 ,知识经济下智力资源的稀缺更是加快了智力资本作为独立资本形式的进程 ,财富与智力合作成为现代企业发展的必然结果。因此 ,作为人力资源会计自然升华的智力资本会计应运而生。为能在现有财务会计体系下合理计量、核算和报告智力资本 ,我们可以运用“评估 +讨价还价”的智力资本计量模式和与传统财务会计既相对独立又融为一体的智力资本核算与报告体系。     

Using a robust performance measurement system to illuminate intellectual capital

The central premise of the “fit-as-mediation” view states that knowledge-related factors could determine the usage and design of specific organizational systems, such as management accounting and control systems. This could, in turn, facilitate information processing and bring about positive organizational outcomes. While the influence of knowledge-based assets on measurable performance has been examined extensively in the intellectual capital literature, little is known concerning the role of an organizational control system in fostering the management of intellectual capital as the most strategic asset for organizations. As such, this study primarily aims to explore what role a performance measurement system plays in terms of the diversity of measurement in the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance. We incorporate social capital into the general three-dimensional classification of intellectual capital; namely, human capital, structural capital, and relational capital, to provide a more comprehensive measure of intellectual capital. Further, we conceptualize the diversity of measurement by supplementing the original Kaplan and Norton's BSC model with a new perspective, social and environmental measures. Such integration of financial, customer, internal business process, learning, and growth, along with social and environmental measures could result in an overarching and robust conceptualization of performance measurement; a concept that was barely mentioned in previous literature. We conducted a questionnaire survey involving chief financial officers of 128 Iranian public listed companies. Using the partial least squares (PLS), we find that companies with higher levels of intellectual capital emphasize a greater diversity of performance measures. The findings also show that the diversity of measurement mediates the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance. This paper may offer guidance to companies concerning the competencies needed for securing positive organizational outcomes from their knowledge resources, such as intellectual capital.     

The effectiveness of chief financial officer board membership in improving corporate investment efficiency

The key roles of the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) in firm operating performance, corporate strategic choices, and corporate governance have been increasingly emphasized in recent decades. In this study, we empirically investigate the relation between CFO board membership and corporate investment efficiency to determine whether CFO presence on the board reduces firms’ propensity to over- or underinvest. We find that CFO board membership is significantly associated with a decreased level of corporate over- and underinvestment. Further, the positive effects of CFO board membership on corporate investment efficiency are greater for firms with greater information asymmetries. Last but not least, we find that the improved investment efficiency experienced by firms with CFOs on their boards has a positive effect on the firms’ future performance. Overall, we find that CFO board membership is associated with improved investment efficiency and firms’ future profitability. By documenting the real business impact of CFO board membership on investment efficiency and firms’ future performance, we add bricks to the literature on board composition and how it influences firms’ strategic choices and performance. Our findings suggest that having CFOs on boards could benefit firms’ investment practices, which directly relate to corporate strategic performance.

     

高管背景特征、产品市场竞争与智力资本信息披露——来自我国A股高科技行业的经验证据

以沪深两市高科技上市公司为样本,依据高层梯队理论,实证考察高管背景特征与公司智力资本信息披露行为间的相关性以及产品市场竞争对这一关系的调节效应。结果表明：高管年龄与智力资本信息披露水平显著负相关,而高管学历、任职时间与智力资本信息披露显著正相关;产品市场竞争不仅直接对智力资本信息披露行为产生显著的负面影响,而且强化了高管年龄与智力资本信息披露间的负相关程度,弱化了高管学历、任职时间与智力资本信息披露间的正相关程度。     

企业资金战略预算管理模式研究

企业资金战略预算管理模式创新既是企业财务管理模式创新的重要内容,也是企业管理模式创新的关键环节和核心内容之一,它直接关系到企业财务战略管理的决策效率。本文以企业科学理财观为导向,基于利益相关者合作逻辑,以企业资金最大化增值为主线,以强化企业资金战略风险管理为实现路径,对企业资金战略预算模式创新问题进行了研究。文章揭示了资金战略预算管理模式的内涵;构建了企业资金战略预算管理指标体系,透视了资金战略预算管理的运作模式;分析了资金战略预算管理模式面临的风险性、适时性和有效性问题;提出了解决资金战略预算管理问题的有效策略,以此确保企业资金战略管理目标的实现。     

资本结构与企业绩效的互动关系研究——基于创业板上市公司的实证检验

中小企业在我国经济中具有重要地位,随着我国创业板市场的推出,中小企业的融资问题将会得到有效缓解。本文通过建立资本结构与企业绩效的联立方程模型,应用广义矩估计法(GMM)对联立方程进行估计研究,考察创业板上市企业资本结构与企业绩效之间的互动关系。研究结果表明,资本结构与企业绩效确实存在互动关系,在企业绩效中资本结构、成长能力、股权集中度、董事会兼任经理人和企业规模都对其有显著影响,而在资本结构中盈利性、成长能力、偿债能力、资产担保价值和企业规模五个因素对企业资本结构选择具有显著影响。     

Determinants of intellectual capital disclosure in prospectuses of initial public offerings

Intellectual capital is recognised as the new economic era’s pivotal factor underlying value creation. Deficient and inconsistent intellectual capital reporting is escalating information asymmetry between informed and uninformed investors. This provides fertile ground for informed investors to extract higher abnormal returns and higher wealth transfers from uninformed investors, particularly during a firm’s initial public offering (IPO). This study investigates the association between intellectual capital disclosure levels in prospectuses of 444 IPOs listing on the Singapore Stock Exchange between 1997 and 2006, and three potential explanatory determinants: (1) ownership retention; (2) proprietary costs; and (3) corporate governance structure. Statistical analysis supports our conjecture of a positive association between intellectual capital disclosure and ownership retention. We also find, consistent with expectations, a negative influence of proprietary costs on the positive intellectual capital disclosure – ownership retention association. However, contrary to predictions, we do not find an IPO’s corporate governance structure significantly influences the negative interaction of proprietary costs on the ownership retention – proprietary cost association. Our findings have implications for various parties such as regulators who may impose unnecessary costs on issuers if they introduce mandatory disclosures whilst lacking an understanding of the factors influencing intellectual capital disclosures.     

资本结构选择偏好、成长性与公司绩效

本文通过基于不同资本结构选择偏好和成长性分类对上市公司资本结构和绩效的关系进行研究,研究发现:我国上市公司资本结构与绩效整体呈负相关;考虑内生性基础上,资本结构对绩效的负面影响提高了;不同负债水平下,资本结构对绩效的影响存在显著差异,且负债水平越高,资本结构对公司绩效的影响越大;在不同成长性水平下,资本结构与绩效都是负相关的,且成长性越低负面影响越大。     

Relative-to-rival corporate philanthropy,product market competitiveness,and stakeholders

Unlike most of the literature that examines the relationship between corporate philanthropy and financial performance, this study investigates the mechanisms through which corporate socially responsible behaviors produce financial outcomes. We propose that corporate philanthropy improves corporate competitiveness by eliciting positive responses from stakeholders, who assess a firm’s philanthropic contribution in relation to its rivals to determine what level of support they wish to provide to the firm. We predict that a firm’s philanthropy relative to its rivals has a positive effect on its product market competitiveness, and that this positive effect is moderated by three conditions that influence stakeholder response: stakeholder attention to philanthropy, its perceived legitimacy, and expectations of corporate giving. Our predictions are generally supported by our analyses. Overall, this paper shows that strategic philanthropy has a quantitative dimension, and firms obtain the market competitiveness associated with corporate philanthropy by integrating their rivals’ positions into their decision making.