盈余管理与审计师变更关系的实证研究

本文通过对上市公司盈余管理的行为分析,以验证审计师的审计监督作用,进而通过外部审计来约束上市公司的盈余管理行为。     

我国上市公司股权结构对盈余管理的影响实证研究

本文选取2006～2008年中国沪深两市的主板A股股票为样本,通过描述性分析和回归分析,论文从股权集中度、股权制衡度、股权构成以及股权流动性四个方面分析了我国上市公司的股权结构现状对盈余管理的影响研究不同股权结构下的盈余管理,对我国进行盈余管理治理,选择适合的股权结构,规范发展资本市场都有重要的意义     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理实证研究

盈余管理是会计界研究的焦点问题,但对盈余管理的研究大多集中于盈余管理的理论、动机、手段等方面,研究方法主要以规范研究为主,盈余管理实证研究较少。基于此,本文在新会计准则实施的背景下．以我国所有上市公司为研究样本,验证和分析了新旧会计准则下我国上市公司盈余管理水平的差异以及新会计准则下我国上市公司的盈余管理途径。     

新会计准则下上市公司盈余管理实证研究

盈余管理是会计界研究的焦点问题,但对盈余管理的研究大多集中于盈余管理的理论、动机、手段等方面,研究方法主要以规范研究为主,盈余管理实证研究较少。基于此,本文在新会计准则实施的背景下,以我国所有上市公司为研究样本,验证和分析了新旧会计准则下我国上市公司盈余管理水平的差异以及新会计准则下我国上市公司的盈余管理途径。     

盈余管理动因实证研究文献综述

管理层进行盈余管理的动机是多种多样的。本文选取了研究基于契约动因,政治动因,增发新股动因而进行的实证研究文献。在琼斯的文章中发现,美国在进行反倾销调查时,并没有将盈余管理纳入考虑,会导致被调查国家的公司得到不公正对待。章卫东的研究表明,上市公司所在地政府与企业高管,有支持和挖空上市的动机。     

盈余管理动因实证研究文献综述

管理层进行盈余管理的动机是多种多样的。本文选取了研究基于契约动因,政治动因,增发新股动因而进行的实证研究文献。在琼斯的文章中发现,美国在进行反倾销调查时,并没有将盈余管理纳入考虑,会导致被调查国家的公司得到不公正对待。章卫东的研究表明,上市公司所在地政府与企业高管,有支持和挖空上市的动机。     

我国上市公司盈余管理对股价影响的实证分析

盈余管理在西方被称为“市场参与者的游戏”,近年来日益受到我国会计学界的关注。证券市场的迅速发展要求上市公司提供高质量的会计信息,由于盈余管理与会计信息质量关系密切,使得对上市公司盈余管理问题的研究成为投资者、债权人、政府主管部门以及会计准则制定机构关注的重点。另一方面,证券市场经验数据证明,股价的波动也同盈余管理密切相关,而利益相关者很可能利用盈余管理手段来影响股价从而获取利益。因此,加强我国上市公司盈余管理和股价相关性的研究,对提高上市公司会计信息质量和改善证券市场资源优化配置功能有着重要意义。本文运用实证分析方法,选取了竞争性强的家电行业和竞争性弱的石油行业的上市公司,从盈余管理度量着手,研究竞争性不同行业的上市公司盈余管理对股价的影响大小,并对投资者的行为提出相关建议。     

盈余管理基本理论及其研究述评

本文除分析了盈余管理的一般定义外 ,着重从“经济收益观”和“信息观”两个角度研究了盈余管理的含义 ,并明确提出了盈余管理的五个基本特征。在此基础上 ,本文透过对现代企业存在的“契约磨擦”和“沟通磨擦”分析 ,提出契约磨擦和沟通磨擦是盈余管理存在的两个基本条件。此外 ,本文还讨论了盈余管理实证研究的内容、深远意义和目前存在的问题。     

公司治理与盈余管理关系的研究综述

公司治理结构和盈余管理行为均是目前学术领域研究的热点问题之一.本文对国内外有关公司治理结构与盈余管理关系的实证研究文献进行了梳理,并对相关研究现状进行评价总结.     

企业盈余管理路径研究

在当今发达国家尤其是美国,企业在盈余管理上出现了越来越多的问题。随着我国资本市场的逐渐完善,市场经济日趋繁荣,企业的盈余管理问题也逐渐凸显,成为了我国学者进行研究的一个新课题。本文在之前学者研究的基础之上,分析了我国企业盈余管理存在的内在动因及方式,并简述了我国企业盈余管理的路径,针对我国企业盈余管理存在的问题,提出了治理建议。     

Detecting Earnings Management: A New Approach

This paper provides a new approach to test for accrual‐based earnings management. Our approach exploits the inherent property of accrual accounting that any accrual‐based earnings management in one period must reverse in another period. If the researcher has priors concerning the timing of the reversal, incorporating these priors can significantly improve the power and specification of tests for earnings management. Our results indicate that tests incorporating reversals increase test power by around 40% and provide a robust solution for mitigating model misspecification arising from correlated omitted variables.     

Equivalizing Incomes: A Normative Approach

The paper deals with the comparisonof living standards and investigates two normative methods ofderiving equivalizing transformations for a population whichhas different household types. The first one equates the utilitylevels of representative household members belonging to differenthouseholds. The second method evaluates the well-being of householdsby a social welfare ordering defined by means of household utilityfunctions. The methods can determine the implicit normative assumptionsinvolved in conducting distributional analysis using any equivalizingtransformation. In particular income-level dependent equivalencescales can be founded in this framework. The assumptions underlyingboth approaches are examined and compared.     

Management of Earnings and Analysts' Forecasts to Achieve Zero and Small Positive Earnings Surprises

Abstract:  This paper corroborates the finding of prior studies that managers avoid reporting earnings lower than analyst forecasts (i.e., negative earnings surprises) and provides new evidence of actions contributing to this phenomenon. Specifically, we provide empirical evidence of both (1) upward management of reported earnings and (2) downward 'management' of analysts' forecasts to achieve zero and small positive earnings surprises. Further analysis of the components of earnings management suggests that both the operating cash flow and discretionary accruals components of earnings are managed.     

Influence of Culture on Earnings Management: A Note

This article examines the influence of national culture on earnings management across a broad cross-section of countries. In addition to examining the relation between culture and earnings management in general, two different types of earnings management are examined, namely, earnings smoothing and earnings discretion. Regression results indicate that, as expected, the cultural dimensions of uncertainty avoidance and individualism are significantly related to earnings management, even after controlling for investor protection and other legal institutional factors. Culture has a stronger relation with earnings smoothing than with earnings discretion, and cultural dimensions explain a greater percentage of the variation in aggregate earnings management and earnings smoothing than do investor protection variables. These findings suggest that there is a significant link between culture and cross-national differences in earnings management, especially in the form of earnings smoothing.     

Earnings Management Around Share Repurchases: A Note

This work examines a subset of the important area of earnings management. Specifically, it seeks to identify the extent of earnings management preceding self-tender offers for a sample of U.S. firms. Pre-repurchase total accruals and discretionary current accruals were found to be somewhat lower for a sample of self-tendering firms compared to a sample of industry- and performance-matched control firms. Weak evidence of post-buyback accruals reversal is also presented. The evidence is weakly consistent with the notion that share repurchases are employed by managers to exploit shareholders through earnings management.     

The Effect of Earnings Forecasts on Earnings Management

We develop a theory of the association between earnings management and voluntary management forecasts in an agency setting. Earnings management is modeled as a "window dressing" action that can increase the firm's reported accounting earnings but has no impact on the firm's real cash flows. Earnings forecasts are modeled as the manager's communication of the firm's future cash flows. We show that it is easier to prevent the manager from managing earnings if he is asked to forecast earnings. We also show that earnings management is more likely to follow high earnings forecasts than low earnings forecasts. Finally, our analysis shows that shareholders may not find it optimal to prohibit earnings management. Earlier results rationalize earnings management by violating some assumption underlying the Revelation Principle. By contrast, in our model the principal can make full commitments and communication is unrestricted. Nonetheless, earnings management can be beneficial as it reduces the cost of eliciting truthful forecasts.     

杠杆操纵:不为盈余的盈余管理动机

本文以我国A股上市公司为研究对象,实证检验了杠杆操纵与盈余管理之间的关系.研究发现,企业杠杆操纵压力越大(或曰杠杆操纵动机越强),其有利于控制账面杠杆率的盈余管理程度越大,且这一效应在非国有企业中更强,表明杠杆操纵动机确实是企业盈余管理的一种特殊动机.本文的研究不仅丰富和拓展了盈余管理动机方面的研究文献,从资产负债表信息出发研究盈余管理动机,揭示了出于杠杆操纵目的进行盈余管理的这种特殊动机;而且提示公司内外部治理主体尤其是投资者关注资产负债表信息质量,尽力甄别可能存在的杠杆操纵,准确认识企业债务风险水平和收益质量.     

Short Selling and Earnings Management: A Controlled Experiment

During 2005 to 2007, the SEC ordered a pilot program in which one‐third of the Russell 3000 index were arbitrarily chosen as pilot stocks and exempted from short‐sale price tests. Pilot firms’ discretionary accruals and likelihood of marginally beating earnings targets decrease during this period, and revert to pre‐experiment levels when the program ends. After the program starts, pilot firms are more likely to be caught for fraud initiated before the program, and their stock returns better incorporate earnings information. These results indicate that short selling, or its prospect, curbs earnings management, helps detect fraud, and improves price efficiency.     

会计制度改革、盈余稳健性与盈余管理

本文以1994-2007我国会计制度改革为研究背景,分析了盈余稳健性和盈余管理之间的内在关系和相互影响,并以此为基础检验了我国会计准则的执行质量。研究得出,扣除操控性应计利润后,上市公司的盈余稳健性同会计制度中稳健性原则的运用程度仍紧密相关。并且,强化稳健性原则和限制公允价值的运用显著降低了公司高估盈余的水平,而弱化稳健性原则和扩大公允价值的运用,则导致了公司盈余管理水平的显著提高。总体而言,没有证据表明盈余稳健性的提高导致了上市公司的大清洗行为。