高等学校零基预算编制问题研究

零基预算近年来在我国得以推广,并取得一定成效。但是,由于预算环境和预算过程中各种不完善因素的存在,零基预算在我国高校财务预算编制中没有发挥根本性的作用。不少高校的财务预算编制采用的是一种形式上的零基预算加部门预算的预算编制模式。零基预算在我国高校的推行既需要政府的政策配套、协调合作,更需要高校改革现有的预算编制模式和预算管理模式,从而形成内外互动的良好的高校零基预算管理体系。     

The Effects of Participation and Job-Relevant Information on the Relationship Between Evaluative Style and Job Satisfaction

This study investigates the intervening effects of budgetary participation and job-relevant information on the relationship between budget emphasis and job satisfaction. It proposes that budgetary participation and job-relevant information are endogenous to budget emphasis. Using the path analytical technique and based on a sample of 152 senior managers, the study found that budget emphasis has an insignificant direct effect on job satisfaction, but a strong indirect effect through job-relevant information and budgetary participation. The results also indicate that job-relevant information has an intervening effect on the relationship between participation and job satisfaction.     

高等学校预算管理中的预算松弛问题研究

预算管理作为高等学校内部管理的重要组成部分,越来越受到人们的重视.然而预算管理在高等学校普遍认同并加以实施的过程中,其效果并非尽如人意,还存在许多问题.预算松弛问题就是高等学校预算管理中的一个主要问题,它是高等学校预算管理中的一种常见现象.预算松弛的存在对高等学校的预算管理既有积极的一面,也有负面的影响,预算松弛积极作...     

Budgeting—the Role of Trust and Participation: A Research Note

Prior studies have found a combination of an evaluative style with high budget emphasis and high participation to be associated with better behavioural outcomes (e.g., lower job-related tension) than all other combinations of budget emphasis and participation. Yet there has been little research to investigate the theory on why this particular combination of budget emphasis and participation is associated with better behavioural outcomes. A path analytical model, which investigates the intervening effects of trust and participation on the relationship between budget emphasis and job-related tension, was used. Senior Norwegian managers were selected as subjects for this study. The results indicate that budget emphasis has an insignificant direct effect on job-related tension but a strong indirect effect through trust and participation. Trust also has an intervening effect on the relationship between budgetary participation and job-related tension. It is therefore possible to conclude that high budget emphasis is associated with high budgetary participation and high trust. High trust, in turn, is associated with reduced subordinates' job-related tension.     

财政预决算信息公开问题研究综述

本文从预决算信息公开的概念、重要性、评估、建议四个方面,对预决算信息公开问题进行综述。预决算信息公开在保障公众知情权,加强监督、防治腐败,加快政府转型、促进“服务型”、“责任型”政府建设,推动政治体制改革、提高政府治理能力,实现“中国梦”方面具有重要意义。预决算信息公开的评估主要是根据具体原则要求,设立相对应的评价指标体系进行评估。建立预算公开的顶层制度设计、完善预算公开的相关法律法规、提高预算信息公开的质量和获取的便利性、引入公民参与机制等措施能够提升预决算信息公开的程度。通过综述,得出,即重视和分析预算、决算两方面信息的重要性,并对其进行对比绩效分析来促进财政信息公开。     

Derivatives Use, Information Asymmetry, and MNC Post-Acquisition Performance

We utilize a sample of US acquiring firms that engaged in international M&As to document the effects of corporate derivatives use on post-M&A long-term performance. We find that derivatives users outperform nonusers. Furthermore, we find that acquirers with derivative policies that are more comprehensive and sophisticated outperform those with less comprehensive and sophisticated policies. They, in turn, outperform acquirers with no existing policies in place. Our results are consistent with the notion that the use of derivatives lowers information asymmetry related agency problems. Furthermore, our evidence indicates that derivatives use is an important corporate activity that has a profound effect on post-M&A performance.     

我国省级人大预、决算审查报告的分析

本文以17省(区、市)的预算监督审查条例、4省(区、市)6年24份预算执行情况和预算草案的审查结果报告、3省(市)15份决算草案的初步审查报告的文本作为评估对象,评估结果显示,党的十八大以来,各省份在预算审查监督的法律完善、监督机构的职能建设和能力提升、监督审查程序的规范和健全等方面,已取得了长足的发展.但总的来说,这些改革仍大多属于技术性、操作层面的改革,省级人大预算监督效力提升的成效仍然不大.人大及其常委会对预算审查监督仍只是程序性的,在预算周期的规划阶段和实施阶段所起的监督作用依然较弱.为加快人大预算监督从形式向实质转变,建议以地方试点推动预算监督实质性改革、以技术手段拓展预算监督的深度与广度、加强预算审查监督队伍建设,全面提升执行能力.     

中国的预算改革：引入中期预算框架的策略与要点

随着预算规模的崛起和财政改革的深化,中国有必要引入发达国家业已普遍采用的中期预算框架(MTBF)。这项改革将为解决多年来困扰我国预算管理的两大难题——财政纪律和优先性配置铺平道路。     

金融危机、财政注资与市场波动

本文通过运用GARCH模型和事件研究方法分析美国政府财政注资在金融危机中的作用。研究表明,在金融危机中,财政注资能有效地稳定市场情绪和抑制金融市场波动。据此,本文为我国健全财政注资机制,完善金融安全网指明了方向。     

基于组织结构的高校绩效预算考评体系构建

针对当前高校绩效预算管理研究中存在的考评责任主体不明确问题,论文试以高校组织结构为平台,以构建一个闭环的高校预算绩效考评体系为目标,分别从建立高校绩效预算评价体系,构建高校绩效预算考评指标,制定与考评结果相配套的促进机制三个方面对基于组织结构的高校绩效预算考评体系进行了研究.     

跨期总额控制、预算执行规则弱化与辖区公共支出绩效

本文采用2008-2017年中国31个省级辖区的面板数据,在区分经常性与资本性地方公共支出的基础上,代表性地考察了社会治安、社会保障、环境保护、基础设施建设四类以结果导向为主的公共支出绩效指标体系,并以财政资金使用非遵从度与跨期财政支出总额控制指数两个核心指标分别描述短期预算执行规则弱化与跨期财政支出总额控制,进而运用广义矩估计(GMM)方法展开实证研究。结果显示:(1)短期预算执行规则弱化对财政经常性支出与资本性支出的绩效影响截然相反。(2)跨期财政支出总额控制的严格约束对促进经常性与资本性支出绩效的提高起到相似的推动作用。(3)跨期财政支出总额控制与短期预算执行规则弱化对财政经常性与资本性支出绩效存在不同的交互效应。     

Trades of the living dead: Style differences, style persistence and performance of currency fund managers

We make use of a new database on daily currency fund manager returns over a three-year period, 2005–2008. This higher frequency data allows us to estimate both alpha measures of performance and beta style factors on a yearly basis, which in turn allows us to test for persistence. We find no evidence to support alpha persistence; a manager’s alpha in one year is not significantly related to his alpha in the prior year. On the other hand, there is substantial evidence for style persistence; funds that rely on carry, trend or value trading or with a long/short bias toward currency volatility are likely to maintain that style in the following year. In addition, we are able to examine the performance of managers that survive through the entire sample period, versus those that drop out. We find significant differences in both the investment styles of living versus deceased funds, as well as their realized alpha performance measures. We conjecture that both style differences and ineffective market timing, rather than market conditions, have impacted performance outcomes and induced some managers to close their funds.     

Perceptions and Attitudes of Different User-groups to the Role of the Budget,Budget Pressure and Budget Participation

This paper examines the perceptions and attitudes of three distinct user-groups to three important budget-related issues. The three user-groups are: accountants, senior non-financial managers and first line managers, each of which has direct contact with budget data in their normal work. The issues, which have been examined by questionnaire and interviews in thirteen medium or large UK companies, are: (a) the perception of the role of the budget in medium and large companies; (b) the use of the budget as a control device, the pressure that may be felt when this occurs and the behavioural consequences of such pressure; (c) the degree of participation in budget setting and whether there is any desire for increased participation. In some instances there were important differences between the user-groups; in particular concerning budget pressure and participation. The general textbook picture of the budget-setting process was not confirmed in certain important aspects. These results raise issues concerning the budgetary control process, including the effects of self-generated pressure, and the desire among accountants for greater participation in the budget process.     

信息不对称和报酬方案对预算松弛的影响研究

本文用实验方法研究预算的激励功能和计划功能需要同时发挥时,在预算参与的情况下,信息不对称和报酬方案对预算松弛的影响。本文的研究发现,信息不对称和报酬方案都会影响预算松弛:无论是否存在信息不对称,编制松弛在真实诱导报酬方案下要低于松弛诱导报酬方案;无论是否存在信息不对称,真实诱导报酬方案下的业绩要好于松弛诱导报酬方案下的业绩;信息不对称时不同诱导报酬方案下的业绩差异大于没有信息不对称时不同诱导报酬方案下的业绩差异;无论是否存在信息不对称,松弛诱导报酬方案下的报酬要大于真实诱导报酬方案下的报酬。上述结果表明,必须以系统思维来进行预算管理,将预算管理置于整个管理体系中考虑,做到与管理体系中的其他内容协调配套,只有这样才能充分发挥预算管理的功能。     

论政府机关绩效预算的战略与战术

文章借鉴“6S战略管理体系”探讨政府机关绩效预算的战略模型,从预算编制、批复、执行、决算与评价的具体过程谈论政府机关绩效预算的战术,通过战略与战术的呼应与对接,实现政府机关绩效预算的有序与高效。     

基金投资风格的持续性研究:原因与结果

本文以2006至2010年期间所有开放式股票型非指数型基金为样本,实证研究基金投资风格的持续性以及基金转变投资风格的原因和结果。研究发现:(1)基金的大盘/小盘风格具有一定的持续性,但是价值/成长风格不具有持续性;(2)基金总体上并没有表现出明显的风格择时能力,而过去的业绩是影响基金投资风格发现转变的一个重要原因;(3)适当地改变大盘/小盘风格、适当地保持价值/成长风格有利于提高未来的业绩。     

信息披露、信息不对称和资本成本:研究综述

信息披露对资本成本的影响是会计领域的一个基本问题,也是经济金融领域的一个重要问题。不同领域的很多文献都从不同方面考察了信息披露对资本成本的影响,但是目前还没有形成一套有机的关于信息披露影响资本成本的理论。为了更好的指导未来的研究,本文将这些文献进行简要总结,旨在形成一套指导研究的理论框架。贯穿这个研究框架的理论逻辑就是信息披露通过影响信息不对称来影响资本成本。最后,本文还给出了一些未来研究建议。     

交叉上市、信息不对称与风险特征

本文以"A+H"交叉上市公司价格差异为研究对象,对A股、H股股票价格之间差异及其变化进行研究。根据对36家A+H股上市公司近期9个月溢价水平的分析发现,信息不对称理论能够解释AH股溢价扩大的现象,投资者与公司之间信息不对称问题得到缓解的趋势不明显,反而有所强化;国有股特征导致AH溢价缩小,海外投资者对国有股份的认同度提升;流动性理论、不同风险偏好理论不能解释AH溢价变化,数据分析支持信息不对称理论、风险特征理论和需求理论。     

Leadership structure and the value of debt contracts: Evidence from the Canadian market

This paper investigates the impact of a firm's leadership structure on its ability to generate value from loans by examining the market reaction to the disclosure of Canadian bank credit agreements. Two leadership structures are considered in this paper. In the first scenario, the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chair of the Board are held by two different persons (denoted as a Separate CEO-Chair structure); in the second scenario, both positions are held by the same person (denoted as a Combined CEO-Chair structure).We observe a stronger market reaction to the announcement of bank credit agreements when firms have a Separate CEO-Chair structure (relative to a Combined CEO-Chair structure). This stronger market reaction for firms with a Separate CEO-Chair structure suggests that the division of CEO and Chair of the Board responsibilities between two people enhances a firm's ability to generate value from its loans. This conclusion is further supported by the fact that the observed market reaction for firms with a Separate CEO-Chair structure is even greater when the size of the board of directors is small. Our results also indicate that bank monitoring activities are more valuable for firms with a Combined CEO-Chair structure and no institutional shareholder.