我国对外直接投资和出口贸易相互关系——基于面板数据联立方程组的实证研究

对外直接投资与出口贸易都是影响我国经济的重要因素,本文根据2003~2012年全国25个省、自治区和直辖市的省际面板数据,构建出口贸易方程和对外直接投资方程的联立方程组模型进行实证分析。研究表明,出口贸易不影响对外直接投资,而对外直接投资每增加1个百分点,出口贸易就减少0.165156个百分点。根据Granger因果检验结果显示:短期内对外直接投资不影响出口贸易,但是出口贸易影响对外直接投资;长期来看,对外直接投资与出口贸易互为因果关系。     

对外直接投资与浙江出口贸易的关系研究

近年来,浙江加大对外开放力度,积极招商引资,外商直接投资在浙江得到迅速发展,对浙江经济的发展起到了重要的作用。本文通过实证研究表明浙江省实际利用对外直接投资与出口贸易存在长期稳定关系,对外直接投资对出口贸易产生了积极的促进作用。     

我国对外直接投资和出口贸易相互关系——基于面板数据联立方程组的实证研究

对外直接投资与出口贸易都是影响我国经济的重要因素,本文根据2003²012年全国25个省、自治区和直辖市的省际面板数据,构建出口贸易方程和对外直接投资方程的联立方程组模型进行实证分析。研究表明,出口贸易不影响对外直接投资,而对外直接投资每增加1个百分点,出口贸易就减少0.165156个百分点。根据Granger因果检验结果显示:短期内对外直接投资不影响出口贸易,但是出口贸易影响对外直接投资;长期来看,对外直接投资与出口贸易互为因果关系。     

我国对外直接投资与出口贸易相互关系的实证分析

通过收集我国1987—2010年对外直接投资和出口贸易的时间序列数据,采用向量回归(VAR)模型方法,实证分析二者的相互关系。实证结果表明两者之间具有长期平稳的互补关系,并且出口贸易对对外直接投资的促进作用大于对外直接投资对出口贸易的促进作用。最后根据模型结论提出相应对策,以使我国的对外直接投资和出口贸易得到更好的发展,进而更有力地推动我国经济健康稳定向前。     

云南省对外直接投资与出口贸易的分析

利用云南省2003~2016年的年度数据,运用协整检验和OLS参数估计法,对云南省的对外直接投资和出口贸易之间进行实证研究。结果表明,云南省的对外直接投资和出口贸易之间是相互替代关系,外商直接投资和生产总值对出口贸易有促进作用。因此,根据云南省的发展情况提出发展多元化投资主体、提高产品国际竞争力和发展服务贸易的措施。     

中国对外直接投资与出口贸易结构关系研究——基于逆向技术溢出效应

随着近年来我国外向直接投资的兴起,以及对出口结构改善以提高本国产品长期竞争力的需要,本文主要研究出口贸易结构与对外直接投资间的关系.通过1990-2012年对外直接投资与出口贸易结构的相关数据,运用ADF单位根检验、协整检验、格兰杰因果检验以及多元回归方程的估计发现:对外直接投资对我国的出口贸易结构有着显著的正向促进效应.本文在研究两者关系时,主要关注通过逆向技术溢出效应渠道产生的改善效应.     

中国对外直接投资的效应及发展策略

对外直接投资将日益成为我国企业"走出去"的重要途径.通过对中国企业对外直接投资母国效应,尤其是对我国出口贸易效应进行实证分析,表明不断发展的中国企业对外直接投资对我国经济发展具有积极作用.目前中国企业对外直接投资中最大的问题是资金不足,需要多方努力来解决,尤其是要加快金融业改革步伐,为我国企业对外直接投资提供强有力的支持.     

我国企业对外直接投资的区位选择研究

企业在进行对外直接投资的过程中,首先要做出正确的区位选择,这直接关系到企业生产的国际布局和经营成败.当前我国企业对外直接投资的区位选择问题常常被忽视,导致对外投资利润较低甚至失败.本文首先分析了我国企业对外直接投资区位选择的现状和特点,其次运用引力模型对区位选择问题进行实证研究,最后结合实证研究结果对我国企业对外投资区位选择提出建议.     

江苏省对外直接投资与对外贸易的关系的实证研究

对外贸易与对外直接投资都是促进江苏省经济发展的因素,它们之间联系紧密。本文应用协整检验、多元回归、格兰杰因果关系检验,利用江苏省1996~2015年的数据,对江苏省对外直接投资与对外贸易之间的关系进行实证研究。结果表明:江苏省进口与江苏省对外直接投资有替代关系,江苏省出口与江苏省对外直接投资有互补关系。     

对外直接投资对出口贸易的影响研究——以广东省为例

本文从广东省对外直接投资和出几的现状出发,分类总结了对外直接投资对出影响的内在机理,并分类阐述了广东省对外直接投资对出口贸易的影响以及存在的问题,最后提出了相关建议.     

财政与资源性资产管理的关系问题研究

资源与环境问题是我们必须越来越重视的问题,在财政管理中尤其要体现这一问题的重要性。本文通过对财政与资源性资产管理的关系的分析,提出了对我国目前国有资产管理进行改革的政策建议。     

Optimal incentive contract in continuous time with different behavior relationships between agents

Dynamic contracts with multiple agents is a classical decentralized decision-making problem with asymmetric information, it is usually discussed according to moral hazard and the behavioral relationship between agents. To do so, in this paper, according to behavior relationships between agents, we analyze continuous time optimal contracting in principal multi-agent moral hazard settings. According to stochastic optimal control theory, the optimal contract of the generalized principal-agent dynamic problem is given, the optimal behavior selection and incentive mechanism of agents are analyzed. The result shows that, in the two-agent model, the incentive effect of cooperative relationship is greater than that of competitive relationship; when they are in a cooperative relationship, with the more influential agent receiving higher pay; under multi-agent model, an increase in the number of agents reduces effort and rewards, this indicates that the team size has strict boundaries. The research conclusions can be applied to solve two kinds of principal-agent problems that the principal needs to motivate the agent to compete or cooperate in the actual social production and life.     

CEO Ownership and Discretionary Investments

Abstract:  This study investigates empirically the relationship between CEO ownership and discretionary investments such as R&D and capital expenditures. We assert that the under-investment problem is high for R&D-intensive projects, while the over-investment problem is high for capital expenditures because of differences in risk between the two types of investments. Building on the linkages between investments and investment-related agency problems, we hypothesize that the relationship between CEO ownership and investments depends on whether increasing ownership mitigates or exacerbates the under- or over-investment problem. We find a non-linear association between CEO stock ownership and R&D investments; R&D investments increase and then decline across increasing levels of ownership. Further, we find that R&D investments and CEO stock options are positively associated at high levels of option holdings. In contrast, capital expenditures do not vary with CEO ownership (stock or options). Finally, consistent with our underlying assumption, we find that the influence of R&D investments on future firm risk is significantly larger than that of capital expenditures. Our findings indicate that managerial risk aversion affects discretionary investments.     

Specific investment,supplier vulnerability and profit risks

We investigate, theoretically and empirically, the impact of relationship-specific investment on suppliers’ profitability and profit risks. In addition to the familiar holdup problem, we explore another facet of specific investment that has received little attention in the literature, namely suppliers’ vulnerability to customer risks. In a theoretical model, we demonstrate that the supplier vulnerability problem implies a negative relationship between the degree of specificity and the expected profit of a supplier, and a positive relationship between the degree of specificity and volatility of the supplier's profit. Using panel data on over 5,000 US firms from 1990 to 2010, our empirical analysis shows the prevalence of the supplier vulnerability problem.     

基于Copula函数的国际原油价格与股票市场收益的相关性研究

针对国际原油价格与金砖五国股票市场收益之间的相关性问题,使用 AR(p)-GARCH(1,1)-Copula 模型进行检验。运用广义误差分布(GED)获取收益残差序列,对 WTI 原油价格和金砖五国股市收益之间的相关性进行实证分析。研究结果表明,国际原油价格与中国股市收益呈现微弱的相关关系,而与其他四国股市收益的相关关系较为明显。用时变 SJC Copula 模型刻画国际原油价格与金砖五国股票市场收益的相关性最为合适。     

权益再融资资金使用方式与再融资以后的经营业绩

本文讨论了中国上市公司的权益再融资资金使用方式与再融资以后的经营业绩之间的关系。结果发现,与国外的有关研究结果不同,投资于具体项目公司的再融资以后的经营业绩下滑幅度显著低于没有具体投资项目的公司。这说明,对于中国上市公司而言,投资于具体项目公司的代理成本相对低于没有具体投资项目的公司。此外,在公司治理机制有待完善的情况下,政策因素能够发挥一定的积极作用。2001年以后,证监会关于关联交易表决的特殊规定在一定程度上减弱了再融资资金使用方式与再融资后经营业绩之间的负相关关系。     

Proving regularity of the minimal probability of ruin via a game of stopping and control

We reveal an interesting convex duality relationship between two problems: (a) minimizing the probability of lifetime ruin when the rate of consumption is stochastic and the individual can invest in a Black–Scholes financial market; (b) a controller-and-stopper problem, in which the controller controls the drift and volatility of a process in order to maximize a running reward based on that process, and the stopper chooses the time to stop the running reward and pays the controller a final amount at that time. Our primary goal is to show that the minimal probability of ruin, whose stochastic representation does not have a classical form as does the utility maximization problem (i.e., the objective’s dependence on the initial values of the state variables is implicit), is the unique classical solution of its Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation, which is a non-linear boundary-value problem. We establish our goal by exploiting the convex duality relationship between (a) and (b).     

An Examination of Adverse Selection in the Public Provision of Insurance

Using a unique data set from Florida's residual property insurer, we test for adverse selection in the public provision of homeowners’ insurance in Florida. We find a significant relationship between the losses and deductible choices of insureds in Florida's residual homeowners’ insurance market. This relationship provides strong evidence of the existence of an adverse selection problem in Florida's residual property insurance market. While this relationship is important to Florida regulators (and taxpayers) specifically, a finding of an adverse selection problem in residual markets in general has implications more broadly for government providers of insurance as an adverse selection problem in these settings will impact the public policy debates and decisions involving these markets.     

试论环境会计与企业发展

进入80年代,环境问题由地区性问题上升为全球性问题,会计与环境破坏有重大牵连,对会计责任的要求已经超出了人际和契约关系的范围,拓展到了社会关系的层面。会计工作是企业存在和发展的基础和前提,而建立并实行环境会计制度是企业实现可持续发展的必要保证。环境会计的实质是要将企业在生产过程中所造成的牺牲环境质量的代价。随着社会经济的发展,会计与环境的联系会越来越强,用会计处理一些环境问题必然会成为当代和未来会计学发展的一大趋势。     

Sand in the wheels or wheels in the sand? Tobin taxes and market crashes

The recent economic crisis revived interest in financial transaction taxes (FTTs) as a means to offset negative risk externalities. However, up-to-date academic research does not provide sufficient insights into the effects of transaction taxes on financial markets as the literature has here-to-fore been focused too narrowly on Gaussian variance as a measure of volatility. In this paper, we argue that it is imperative to understand the relationship between price jumps, Gaussian variance, and FTTs. While Gaussian variance is not necessarily a problem in itself, the non-normality of return distribution caused by price jumps affects not only the performance of many risk-hedging algorithms but directly influences the frequency of catastrophic market events. To study the aforementioned relationship, we use an agent-based model of financial markets. Its results show that the relationship between FTTs and price jumps is intricate. This result implies that regulators may face a trade-off between overall variance and price jumps when designing optimal tax.