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1.
"新形势下通货膨胀及其治理"学术论坛认为,自2006年底以来新一轮的物价上涨,是在复杂经济金融环境下多种力量共同作用的结果。考虑到全球经济增长速度下滑、粮食能源价格上涨、流动性过剩的外部经济环境,加之我国汇率升值预期明显、农产品价格持续上升以及产业结构调整压力不断加大的现实因素,宏观经济政策需要把握好调控的力度和时机。而如何平衡通胀治理和经济稳定增长之间的利弊得失是理论界和实务部门研究的重点。  相似文献   

2.
本文通过构建可计算的一般均衡模型分析绿色信贷政策的投融资传导路径,基于历史数据模拟了绿色信贷对各行业产出的短期、中期以及长期影响。不同于已有的普遍结论,本文的实证研究表明,绿色信贷在我国的中、短期对"两高一剩"行业具有较明显的产出抑制效果;但从长期看,由于投资型驱动的产业结构及经济增长模式,绿色信贷的政策效果不明显。因此,在我国绿色城镇化和产业结构调整的重要机遇期,建立高效的排放权衍生品市场等更加科学的绿色信贷和绿色金融体系,加强金融市场对各行业供给侧改革的支持应是重中之重。下一步的研究可以将绿色金融体系,政府财政政策纳入一般均衡模型的框架中,以形成更优的绿色金融、绿色产业与宏观经济的传导机制和作用效果。  相似文献   

3.
基于大量原始数据对河北省碳排放量进行测算,从能源消费构成、产业结构、生活出行和能源价格等方面入手,应用VAR模型、脉冲响应函数和方差分解等方法,对碳排放的影响因素及影响程度进行了深入分析。研究表明,能源消费构成对河北省碳排放量的影响最大;其次是能源价格和产业结构的影响,但产业结构的调整在短期内不能快速实现降低碳排量的目标,能源价格的调整在短期内可以起到有效抑制碳排放量的作用;出行方式对碳排放的影响作用已开始显现。  相似文献   

4.
从贸易顺差的负增长、居民收入增长的明显减缓以及固定资产投资价格的上涨等因素分析将证明经济增长的下滑是实质性的。一季度的宏观经济数据为我们揭示了许多重要的信息,对于我们对宏观经济政策的研究十分重要,首先是对于宏观经济紧缩政策下经济增长的评估。按照所公布的数据,一季度国内生产总值6149l亿元,按可比价格计算,同比增长10.6%,比上年同期回落1.1个百分点。这样一个结果对于很多人似乎还是一个可以接受的结果,好像紧缩对于经济增长的影响并不大。但是从贸易顺差的负增长、居民收入增长的明显减缓以及固定资产投资价格的上涨等因素分析将证明经济增长的下滑是实质性的。  相似文献   

5.
近期食品价格不断攀升,政府政策调整频繁。预计2011年1季度CPI将保持在4.5%~5%的高位,其主因是由于短期内食品CPI上涨压力持续;非食品CPI也会持续小幅上扬。近期政策调整显示货币条件将加速回归正常,这将对未来国内需求增长有一定制约,限制过热风险。但紧缩力度不会太激烈,经济硬着陆的  相似文献   

6.
本文在局部均衡框架下建立了引入进口关税的成本加成模型分析国外出口厂商的定价行为,并构建了我国各产业的进口价格、名义有效汇率和国外出口商生产成本指数,利用分布滞后模型首次对各产业的汇率传递效应进行了实证研究。主要发现:无论短期还是长期,各产业进口价格的汇率传递效应都存在很大差异。以采掘、皮革、冶金和纺织为主的资源类产品的进口价格传递弹性普遍较高,甚至超过具有高附加值的机械产业。资源类中以进口稀有金属为主的采掘业长期传递弹性最高。短期内,几乎所有产业的外国出口厂商都会通过调整成本加成来吸收汇率变动;而在长期,汇率变动基本上对各产业进口价格都有不同程度的传递,尤其资源类产业更倾向于采取生产方货币定价方式。结果表明我国一方面可以通过汇率升值提高购买力,另一方面在产业结构调整中则强烈需要改变现有高耗能的增长模式。  相似文献   

7.
刘楹 《银行家》2008,(1):47-48
2007年以来,在股票、房地产等资产价格不断攀升的同时,物价水平出现了明显的上涨,国民经济运行表露出过热的征兆.在这样的背景下,中央经济工作会议要求实施从紧货币政策,标志着货币政策走向全面紧缩,将在今后一段时间的宏观调控中发挥更大作用.  相似文献   

8.
2002年以来,我国强劲的经济增长以及货币供应量增幅回升并没有带动物价的明显上涨。从原因看,近年来我国经济总体供给能力较强,产生需求拉动型物价上涨的可能性很小;企业劳动考报酬的增长低于劳动生产率的增长,限制了工资推进型物价上涨的可能;原材料、能源价格上涨对物价的影响作用在未来将释放得更为充分;政府大力支持农业发展的政策取向。有利于稳定粮食价格;人民币兑美元汇率的提高,有助于降低进口商品的价格。  相似文献   

9.
本文提出能源对生产制约程度的能源制约系数指标;在投入产出分析框架下,编制1997-2002-2007年混合型能源投入产出递延表;根据投入产出模型计算并对比了3个时点的产业能源制约系数、能源价格、能源强度和产业结构比重的变化;根据LMDI分解模型分析全部生产的能源制约系数变化的三个影响因素(能源价格、能源强度和产业结构)的贡献,发现能源价格是影响全部生产能源制约程度的最重要的原因,据此提出有针对性的政策建议。  相似文献   

10.
本文分析了货币因素和货币政策影响能源价格上涨的内在机制和主要渠道,并在Gordon“三角模型”的框架内开展实证研究。结果表明:货币因素从需求拉动、成本推动和预期驱动三方面影响能源价格,其中需求拉动是主要渠道;货币因素对能源涨价的贡献度超过了产出缺口代表的需求因素和进口能源价格代表的供给因素;各种货币政策工具对能源价格均有影响,其中人民币汇率弹性的影响最明显,存款准备金率次之,利率影响最小。面对能源价格的结构性上涨,央行应密切关注包括能源在内的总体物价,逐步完善货币信贷政策和发展能源金融市场。  相似文献   

11.
We investigate the effects of monetary policy on asset prices in economies where assets are traded periodically in bilateral meetings. The trading mechanism is designed to maximize social welfare taking as given the frictions in the environment and monetary policy. We show that asset price “bubbles” emerge in a constrained‐efficient monetary equilibrium only if liquidity is abundant and the first‐best allocation is implementable. In contrast, if liquidity is scarce, assets are priced at their fundamental value in any constrained‐efficient monetary equilibrium, in which case an increase in inflation has no effect on asset prices, but it reduces output and welfare.  相似文献   

12.
石油价格变动对价格总水平的影响分析   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
石油是最重要的战略资源之一,其价格变动对价格总水平和经济运行有着重要的影响。本文在阐述石油价格变动影响价格总水平的机理和途径的基础上,从投入产出的角度分析石油价格变动对各产业产品价格及价格总水平的具体影响,并通过分析石油价格与价格总水平变动的历史规律来进一步探讨二者之间影响的数量关系。  相似文献   

13.
本文对一些学者提出的内外经济失衡的关系进行了考证。结果表明外部经济的失衡虽增强了货币供给的内生性,但并不必定导致内部资产价格的高涨。因此在政策选择上,要避免面对外部经济失衡采取一些应对内部经济失衡的政策工具来调节内部经济增长过快问题。同时,出于在经济发展过程中资产价格时间序列发生结构性变化的考虑,政策制定极有必要考虑资产价格因素。  相似文献   

14.
This paper analyzes the effects of public information in a perfect competition trading model populated by asymmetrically informed short‐horizon investors with different levels of private information precision. We first show that information asymmetry reduces the amount of private information revealed by price in equilibrium (i.e., price informativeness) and can lead to multiple linear equilibria. We then demonstrate that the presence of both information asymmetry and short horizons provides a channel through which public information influences price informativeness and equilibrium uniqueness. We identify conditions under which public information increases or decreases price informativeness, and when multiple equilibria may arise. Our analysis shows that public information not only directly endows prices with more (public) information, it can also have an important indirect effect on the degree to which prices reveal private information.  相似文献   

15.
We examine the issue of pricing forward futures and option contracts written on the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the change of which is a measure of inflation affecting the economy. Traditional approaches postulate an exogenous process for the price level and then derive CPI derivatives prices by standard arbitrage arguments. By contrast, we build the general equilibrium of a continuous time monetary economy that is affected by both real and nominal shocks. The price level and thus the inflation rate are found endogenously and solutions for the prices of CPI derivatives are obtained, which are in closed form in a specialized version of the economy.  相似文献   

16.
This paper examines the macroeconomic effects of oil price shocks and the oil shock transmission mechanism in an oil-exporting country, Canada. We use a structural VAR with sign restrictions that comes from a two-country dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to jointly identify oil price, domestic supply and U.S. and domestic monetary policy shocks. This identification strategy not only controls for reverse causality from the Canadian and U.S. macroeconomic conditions to the real oil prices, but more importantly, it also allows for contemporaneous interactions between the Canadian and U.S. variables. We find that oil shocks have a stimulative effect on Canadian aggregate demand, appreciate the Canadian dollar, improve the terms of trade and reduce real wages. Foreign disturbances, including innovations in oil prices and the U.S. interest rate, have a significant influence on Canadian economic activities. Our counterfactual analysis indicates that the reaction of the U.S. interest rate as an indirect transmission channel for oil price shocks plays a moderate role in explaining the real exchange rate and inflation, but has negligible impacts on the Canadian output and interest rate.  相似文献   

17.
We show that dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models with housing and collateralized borrowing predict a fall in house prices following positive government spending shocks. By contrast, we show that house prices in the United States rise persistently after identified positive government spending shocks. We clarify that the incorrect house price response is due to a general property of DSGE models—approximately constant shadow value of housing—and that modifying preferences and production structure cannot help in obtaining the correct house price response. Properly accounting for the empirical evidence on government spending shocks and house prices using a DSGE model therefore remains a significant challenge.  相似文献   

18.
This article studies the equilibrium valuation of foreign exchange contingent claims. Within a continuous-time Lucas (1982) two-country model, exchange rates, interest rates and, in particular, factor risk prices are all endogenously and jointly determined. This guarantees the internal consistency of these price processes with a general equilibrium. In the same model, closed-form valuation formulas are presented for currency options and currency futures options. Common to these formulas is that stochastic volatility and stochastic interest rates are admitted. Hedge ratios and other comparative statics are also provided analytically. It is shown that most existing currency option models are included as special cases.  相似文献   

19.
宫汝凯 《金融研究》2021,492(6):152-169
信息传导的非同步和投资者情绪变化是股票市场的两个典型特征,前者会引发投资者之间出现信息不对称问题,后者主要体现为投资者过度自信,两者共同作用影响股票价格变动。本文将信息不对称和投资者过度自信情绪置于同一个分析框架,建立两阶段动态序贯定价理论模型研究现实市场上信息传导过程中股价变动的内在机制。结果表明:(1)面临新信息的进入,投资者对股票收益预期的调整与均衡价格之间具有正相关关系;(2)面临有利消息时,过度自信投资者比例越大,股票的均衡价格越高,投资收益将越低;面临不利消息时则相反;(3)随着过度自信投资者比例以及过度自信程度升高,市场风险溢价将下降;(4)投资者群体在信息传导过程中出现分化,对股价变动形成异质信念,未获取信息和获取信息但未出现过度自信的投资者认为股价被高估,获取信息且出现过度自信的投资者认为价格被低估,促使更多的交易,引发市场成交量和股价变动;(5)过度自信投资者比例与过度自信程度提高均会对市场效率产生正向影响,而对市场深度具有负向效应。最后,基于理论结果对非对称性和持续性等典型的市场波动性特征进行解释。  相似文献   

20.
A formula for the price of default-free discount bonds of all maturities is found using a Black- Scholes type of arbitrage model which is based on the assumption that a portfolio of three default-free discount bonds of distinct maturities can be managed to be a perfect substitute for any other default-free discount bond. The formula relates the price of bonds to the real rate of interest, the anticipated rate of inflation and the equilibrium prices of interest rate and inflation risks. Bond prices are shown to be the expected value of the sure nominal proceeds of the bond discounted to the present at a random discount rate. It is shown that the unbiased expectations hypothesis is in general inconsistent with this model.  相似文献   

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