首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
利用RAROC(Risk-Adjusted Return on Capital)与传统CAPM(Capital Asset Pricing Model)模型相结合进行资本配置,是目前大部分银行等金融机构所采用的主流方法。但是由于这一方法忽视了RAROC与CAPM各自的假设和环境,从而导致在很多方面不匹配,因此不可避免地使基于RAROC的资本配置框架产生一些陷阱,如银行对某一类资产的过度配置或者配置不足等问题。为此,本文首先分析了这些陷阱产生的根源及导致的后果,继而针对这些陷阱提出了一系列修正措施,如修正的CAPM模型——二因素模型,文章最后在讨论这些修正可行性的基础上,建立了新的资本配置框架。  相似文献   

2.
本文在全面阐述RAROC系统的内涵和技术要求的基础上,以美国银行为例,介绍分析了RAROC技术在银行风险管理和资本分配中的作用,并提出引入ILAKOC技术对我国商业银行提高资本配置和风险管理能力有重要意义.  相似文献   

3.
吕苏 《中国外资》2010,(14):42-43
本文在全面阐述RAROC系统的内涵和技术要求的基础上,以美国银行为例,介绍分析了RAROC技术在银行风险管理和资本分配中的作用,并提出引入RAKOC技术对我国商业银行提高资本配置和风险管理能力有重要意义。  相似文献   

4.
《会计师》2017,(15)
资本资产定价模型(CAPM)和套利定价模型(APT)是进行资产选择的两大理论模型,本文分别对这两个模型的构建及其对均衡过程的描述进行分析比较,发现这两个模型从不同的角度分别验证了市场中风险-收益关系的存在。CAPM模型认为,资产组合的收益率与风险有关,所以,该模型依据预期收益率和标准差来寻找资产组合。APT模型认为,资产的收益与多因素相关,这些因素不仅包括市场因素,也包括超市场因素,如增长因素、周期因素、能源因素等。由此可以看出,APT模型较CAPM模型在内涵和实用性上更具广泛意义,这对CAPM模型既是一种肯定,又是一种补充和修正。  相似文献   

5.
商业银行风险管理的主要内容是风险度量、资本配置与绩效评估。通过将风险要素嵌入绩效考核中可以实现考核的准确与科学,从而为银行有限资源的有效配置提供准确的依据。RAROC作为将风险进行考量的一种管理方式,将银行的管理带入了全面风险管理阶段,因其在绩效评估上的准确和科学备受广大银行的推崇。本文在国内外对RAROC研究综述的基础上,就RAROC在商业银行绩效评估的运用进行了模拟实证。  相似文献   

6.
RAROC在商业银行资本配置中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
随着金融全球化的进一步发展,银行业的竞争日趋激烈。目前,资本约束已经成为我国银行业面临的最突出矛盾,而解决这一矛盾的根本出路在于合理配置银行资本金,以此提高资本金的使用效率。运用风险调整的资本收益率(Risk-Adjusted Return On Capital,简称RAROC)模型研究银行经济资本配置,不仅可以在拥有一定量的经济资本的前提下获得最大收益,而且可以加强银行业的风险管理能力。  相似文献   

7.
随着金融全球化的进一步发展,银行业的竞争日趋激烈。目前,资本约束已经成为我国银行业面临的最突出矛盾,而解决这一矛盾的根本出路在于合理配置银行资本金,以此提高资本金的使用效率。运用风险调整的资本收益率(Risk-Adjusted Return On Capital,简称RAROC)模型研究银行经济资本配置,不仅可以在拥有一定量的经济资本的前提下获得最大收益,而且可以加强银行业的风险管理能力。  相似文献   

8.
金融双语     
风险调整后的资本回报率(RAROC)是一种衡量风险调整后利润的指标体系和经营管理框架.主要用于衡量风险调整后的金融机构绩效并为不同的经营实体提供统一的利润衡量指标。RAROC主要用于考量银行和保险公司的各项经营活动,其计算公式为:RAROC=风险调整后的回报,经济资本。  相似文献   

9.
周广华 《时代金融》2009,(1X):27-29
<正>经济资本最早起源于美国信孚银行1978年的风险调整后的资本回报率(RAROC)模型,该模型经过不断的演变和发展,已成为国际领先银行积极实践的核心管理手段。目前国际著名银行已建立起较为成熟的经济资本管理体系,  相似文献   

10.
RAROC技术在我国商业银行中的应用   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
随着全球经济一体化程度的加深,银行之间的竞争日趋激烈.如何做好银行的绩效评价工作直接关系到银行未来的发展.本文引入经风险调整后资本收益率的概念,在分析经济资本的分配与配置原理的基础上,阐述了RAROC的优缺点以及经济资本管理理念对我国商业银行带来的深刻影响并试图探索RAROC在我国商业银行的业绩评价体系中应用的可行性.  相似文献   

11.
经济资本管理:理论分析及我国实践   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
近年来,经济资本管理作为优化资源配置、提高风险调整收益的核心工具,在国际先进银行中得到广泛应用。通过经济资本可以量化各类业务敞口的风险水平,计算抵御风险所需的资本金额,银行决策层可据此调整风险偏好与发展战略,制定更为科学、合理、清晰的政策组合,确保银行价值最大化目标的实现。本文阐述了经济资本管理的基本理论、国内外实践情况,分析了我国银行业实践中存在的问题,提出了相应的政策建议。  相似文献   

12.
This paper develops a theory of capital allocation in financial intermediaries where the cost of "risk capital" is a critical consideration. The implication for capital budgeting is that financial firms should use a modified NPV rule in which projects are valued by calculating the NPV of cash flows using marketdetermined discount rates and then subtracting a deadweight cost of capital that reflects the project's marginal contribution to firm-wide risk.
By taking account of deadweight costs—mainly monitoring and moral hazard costs associated with having too little equity capital as well as "free cash flow" agency costs and higher taxes associated with having too much—the capital allocation model predicts that financial firms will diversify across businesses with similar deadweight costs. Such diversification reduces the cost of risk capital for the individual businesses, thereby creating more profitable investment opportunities at the margin and enabling the businesses to operate on a larger scale. The authors note that their model has similarities to but also important differences from the standard applications of RAROC models.  相似文献   

13.
This paper examines two arguments presented in Gray and Hall (2006). First, that the generally used estimate of 0.06 for the market risk premium within the Officer version of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) and the generally used estimate of 0.50 for the parameter ‘gamma’ within the Officer framework are jointly inconsistent with evidence concerning the market risk premium in the standard version of the CAPM. Second, that the first two of these parameter estimates are also jointly inconsistent with the observed cash dividend yield on the Australian market. To resolve these problems, Gray and Hall recommend setting gamma to zero. The present paper shows that the first argument does not account for the fact that imputation induces a reduction in the market risk premium as defined in the standard version of the CAPM. The present paper also shows that both arguments identify a problem that characterizes only parts of the Officer framework, and these parts are not generally used in Australia. Therefore, rather than suggesting that gamma should be zero, Gray and Hall's analysis identifies parts of the Officer framework that should be avoided.  相似文献   

14.
This study provides a model explaining how small changes in asset prices may disrupt an entire financial market. Based on the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), our model implies that during a market crash, asset price changes affect the relative distribution of the CAPM betas of individual assets and force all tradable assets to co-move. Using US stock market data, our empirical results are consistent with the model’s predictions. Overall, the study aids understanding of the price patterns of assets during substantial market downturns, such as financial crises.  相似文献   

15.
Since the introduction of the Australian imputation tax system, there have been problems both in the measurement of the market value of franking (imputation tax) credits and in their application to estimating cash flows and the cost of capital. In the present paper, we provide a convenient and robust resolution to the above problems in the context of an internally consistent set of equations for the cost of capital, asset valuation and the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). The equations apply under both classical and imputation tax systems and under differential taxation of dividends, capital gains and interest. The simple form of the CAPM presented here is shown to encompass more complex versions of the CAPM, which attempt to accommodate the effect of personal taxes. The valuation equations require an estimate of the market value of $1 of the firm's dividends, within which is embedded the market value of the imputation tax credits. Separate estimates of the value of imputation tax credits, or Officer's gamma factor, are not required.  相似文献   

16.
RAROC AT BANK OF AMERICA: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
In 1993, Bank of America's Risk and Capital Analysis Group was charged with the task of developing and instituting a single corporate-wide system to allocate capital to all the bank's activities. Since 1994, that system has been providing quarterly reports of risk-adjusted returns on capital (RAROC) for each of the bank's 37 major business units. By 1995, B of A had also developed the capability to calculate RAROC down to the level of individual products, transactions, and customer relationships. RAROC systems allocate capital for two basic reasons: (1) risk management and (2) performance evaluation. For risk management purposes, the overriding goal of allocating capital to individual business units is to determine the bank's optimal capital structure–the proportion of equity to assets that minimizes the bank's overall cost of funding. This process involves estimating how much the risk (or volatility) of each business unit contributes to the total risk of the bank, and hence to the bank's overall capital requirements. For performance evaluation purposes, RAROC systems assign capital to business units as part of a process of determining the risk-adjusted rate of return and, ultimately, the “economic profit” of each business unit. The objective in this case is to measure a business unit's contribution to shareholder value, and thus to provide a basis for effective planning, capital budgeting, and incentive compensation at the business unit level. Concerns about capital adequacy, along with the Basel risk-based capital requirements, have played some role in the growth of RAROC among commercial banks. But the most powerful impetus to bankers' use of more systematic risk measures is coming from increasingly activist institutional investors. Besides giving senior management an economic basis for evaluating the bank as a portfolio of businesses and for making resource allocation decisions that improve the bank's risk/reward profile, RAROC systems are also expected to produce better performance by holding managers accountable for the amount of investor capital they are putting at risk.  相似文献   

17.
This article approaches several different methodologies for calculation of the RAROC (Risk Adjusted Return on Capital) for Brazilian banks. Two questions gave reason to the study: whether the application of different methods for calculation of the RAROC would generate significantly different results?, and checking what is the connection between the RAROC and the generation of economic value, measured by the EVA (Economic Value Added), for the largest banks with operations in Brazil? The following methodologies for verification of the RAROC were applied: Buch’s Method (2011); Prokopczuk’s Method (2006); Prokopczuk’s Method (2006) with application of the VaR technique; Saunders’s Method (2007); Chapelle’s Method (2008); and the Smithon & Hayt Method (2001), by applying these parametric and non-parametric statistics in order to check the sensibility of the differences between models. This study has evidenced that, when we compare the methodology based on minimum capital with other methodologies, there are no significant differences, except in the few cases indicated. It is important to notice it only occurred in the case of the Bank of Brazil and it was concentrated in the comparison of the Creditmetrics models and in the methodology in which there is equivalence by the reference equity.  相似文献   

18.
商业银行贷款定价是商业银行信贷业务中至关重要的环节。关系到银行的资产质量和盈利水平。本文主要对基于现代金融理论的商业银行贷款定价方法进行评述,介绍贷款定价的最新进展,其中主要评述资本资产定价模型、期权定价模型、VaR和RAROC理论等在贷款定价技术中的应用。  相似文献   

19.
This paper develops a version of the Capital Asset Pricing Model that views dividend imputation as affecting company tax and assumes differential taxation of capital gains and ordinary income. These taxation issues aside, the model otherwise rests on the standard assumptions including full segmentation of national capital markets. It also treats dividend policy as exogenously determined. Estimates of the cost of equity based on this model are then compared with estimates based on the version of the CAPM typically applied in Australia, which differs only in assuming equality of the tax rates on capital gains and ordinary income. The differences between the estimates can be material. In particular, with a high dividend yield, allowance for differential taxation can result in an increase of two to three percentage points in the estimated cost of equity. The overall result obtained here carries over to a dividend equilibrium, in which firms choose a dividend policy that is optimal relative to the assumed tax structure.  相似文献   

20.
We argue that the empirical evidence against the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) based on stock returns does not invalidate its use for estimating the cost of capital for projects in making capital budgeting decisions. Because stocks are backed not only by projects in place, but also by the options to modify current projects and undertake new ones, the expected returns on stocks need not satisfy the CAPM even when expected returns of projects do. We provide empirical support for our arguments by developing a method for estimating firms' project CAPM betas and project returns. Our findings justify the continued use of the CAPM by firms in spite of the mounting evidence against it based on the cross section of stock returns.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号