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1.
随着世界经济一体化,企业的活动范围已不再受到国家和地区的限制而走向全球化。与之相应的合并会计报表虽然能较完整地反映母公司直接或间接控制的经济资源以及整个企业集团的财务状况和经营成果的全貌,但在满足“服务于信息使用者决策需要”的目标上还存在局限性。因此,作为对合并会计报表的必要补充,各国会计准则制定机构以及有关国际组织,纷纷发布准则或制度,  相似文献   

2.
分部信息的披露主体主要是上市公司.公司出于竞争投资者有限的资金等目的有自愿披露分部信息的动因.由于分部信息披露存在成本,在没有管制的情况下,企业出于自身利益最大化考虑,将通过对收益和成本的权衡来决定分部信息披露.由于分部信息披露的外部性、分部信息分布的不对称性等,不能完全依赖于自愿披露,必须对分部信息披露进行适度的管制,强制公司披露分部信息.  相似文献   

3.
吴昊  沈瑾 《现代会计》2002,(2):12-14
分部报告是指将企业集团中风险和回报具有显著差别的分支机构的重要财务状况和经营成果按业务的地区标准分解、归类而编制的财务报告。编制分部报告具有多方面的意义。首先,通过编制分部报告,披露分部信息,不但可以向财务报表的使用者提供关于多元化企业不同业务分部和不同地区分部的规模大小、利润贡献和发展趋势的资料,使他们对整个企业的前景作为更为准确的判断,而且能够满足一些与企业中特定分部有着直接利益关系的利益关系人的特殊需要。其次,分部报告可以将不同风险和报酬的产业和地工分开,所披露的信息可以帮助企业管理当局了解各产业或地区的经营成果和财务状况,及时发现经营中存在的问题,着眼于核心竞争能力的培育。在经营产业或地区上有所取舍,从而促使经营策略更加科学合理。  相似文献   

4.
在企业跨行业、跨国(地区)经营的情况下,信息使用者所面临的不确定性因素大大增加,在决策过程中必然要求更多的信息。信息使用者不但要关心企业作为一个整体的经营情况,也要关注企业各个分部的信息。本文介绍了美国分部信息披露制度的发展情况,考察了在促进美国分部信息披露制度发展方面不同机构发挥的重要作用,为进一步完善我国上市公司分部信息披露制度提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

5.
商业银行信息披露要受国内外多种规则的约束,笔者试从会计准则角度对中外商业银行信息披露的差异作一概括。  相似文献   

6.
一、引言 当前,全球资本的流动日趋顺畅,在全球经济一体化的背景之下,会计作为一种通用的商业语言在世界经济舞台上扮演了越来越重要的角色.特别是我国加入WTO后所面临的挑战日益严峻,使得我国必须考虑会计准则的国际协调.各国会计准则应依据各国实际情况和经济发展情况加以制定.  相似文献   

7.
一、引言当前,全球资本的流动日趋顺畅,在全球经济一体化的背景之下,会计作为一种通用的商业语言在世界经济舞台上扮演了越来越重要的角色。特别是我国加入WTO后所面临的挑战日益严峻,使得我国必须考虑会计准则的国际协调。各国会计准则应依据各国实际情况和经济发展情况加以制  相似文献   

8.
以各国相关机构发布的与分部信息披露相关的会计准则为切入点,在对分部信息披露的目的、可报告分部的确认基础、分部信息的披露内容以及披露方式和披露期间进行国际比较分析的基础上,将分部信息以附表的形式在年度报告中予以披露,而且在对可报告分部的确认时应缩小确认标准并出台相关指南给企业以明确指导,尽量减少管理层的专业判断和主观认定.  相似文献   

9.
在我国会计准则日益国际化的大背景下,中外会计准逐步趋同成为必然趋势.本文从国内外固定资产准则规范范围入手,结合具体相似点和差异,从与其有关的适用范围、确认条件、初始计量、后续计量、处置、信息披露等六个方面进行深入比较,说明我国固定资产准则与国际会计准则的异同  相似文献   

10.
目前,国际上确认分部的两种不同方法"管理法"与"风险与报酬法"分别强调了分部信息的相关性和可比性。中国原来的分部披露规范要求按照"风险与报酬法"并结合企业的组织结构来确认分部。而实证研究表明,采用"风险与报酬法"并结合企业组织结构来确认分部更强调分部信息的相关性,不能同时兼顾相关性和可比性。因此,今后应积极贯彻执行分部报告准则,按照"风险与报酬法"来确认分部,强化风险提示,完善各项披露内容,严禁利用分部确认方法来操纵分部信息披露,采用六位数代码规范行业信息,加强外部审计人员的职业关注以进一步提高分部信息质量。  相似文献   

11.
TERESA ANDERSON 《Abacus》1992,28(2):121-132
Recent studies have detected an inverse association between a firm's size and the stock price reaction to the firm's accounting earnings announcements, which has been interpreted as evidence that larger firms have relatively richer information sets. This study expands on this work, using two firm-specific factors to capture both the time and flow-per-period elements of information production (period of listing and firm size respectively) and examines whether these variables are a better information proxy than is size alone. After controlling for firm size, a statistically significant inverse relationship between a firm's period of listing and the information content of its annual earnings announcement is detected. The findings have implications for standard-setters as well as for auditors'assessment of the risk associated with audits of newly listed firms.  相似文献   

12.
The main intention of this paper is to consider the disclosure practices of quoted UK companies during an important period of change in financial accounting practice, the first quarter of the twentieth century. The paper focuses in particular on levels of disclosure, as indicated by the volume of information provided, and on more qualitative aspects of disclosure practice. Our knowledge of the patterns of disclosure practices over time is deficient, despite the work of a number of accounting historians, and is based upon a limited amount of primary evidence. The paper reviews current perspectives on the corporate financial disclosures of the period, provides new evidence on disclosure practices in the form of an analysis and comparison of the published and internal records of thirty quoted companies operating in four major industrial sectors in the UK during the period 1900-24 and draws some conclusions.  相似文献   

13.
    
M. BAZLEY  P. BROWN  H. Y. IZAN 《Abacus》1985,21(1):44-62
From 1964 to 1980 there was a twenty-fold increase in the extent to which the average Australian company resorted to lease finance. Lease disclosure by lessees was voluntary throughout this period, yet we observe that, by 1979, three out of four lessee companies had begun to disclose their lease commitments. Our study sought an answer to the question: what factors influenced Australian lessees, in their decision whether or not to disclose lease commitments in their annual reports? In a wider sense, we use this issue to probe further our power to explain accounting policy choice, particularly in situations, such as in Australia, where a small population restricts our ability to observe some aspects of the economic and political process. Based on a univariate and multivariate tests, we infer from our study that the relative frequency of voluntary disclosure by lessees was related to (a) industry, (b) firm size and (c) whether the lessee was a subsidiary company of a foreign parent; was only weakly related to (d) whether the lessee entered the Australian Institute of Management good reporting award; and was unrelated to (e) the identity of the lessee's audit firm (f) the existence of bonus scheme tied to reported profit and (g) the relative risk of the firm.  相似文献   

14.
论资产弃置会计的国际比较   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文首先说明了资产弃置费用概念,然后分别阐述了不同国家和组织对资产弃置费用处理的会计规定和处理方法,并对其进行了理论性总结,认为它是对传统会计处理方式的一种扩展。作为环境会计的一项重要核算内容,它涉及环境负债、长期资产、折旧与新增费用的组合处理,并采用未来不确定估计方式计量环境负债金额,具有较大的创新。对此,论文还提出了构建我国资产弃置费用会计准则的建议。  相似文献   

15.
    
In the wake of recent corporate debacles, considerable debate has ensued on the relative merits of rules-based versus judgement-based accounting disclosure. This note contributes to the debate by examining disclosure practices in the UK where a well-established regulatory framework nevertheless upholds the right of corporate managers to exercise discretion.A specific template is developed to examine simultaneously the content of the segment report and the operating and financial review (OFR) to detect disclosure patterns. The findings indicate that companies which provide the fullest and most relevant segment reports provide less voluntary additional disclosure in the OFR than those companies that, superficially, provide less extensive disclosure in their segment reports. It is unclear, therefore, that changes to more rules-based disclosure regimes will automatically lead to an increase in the level of overall disclosure.  相似文献   

16.
    
Corporate disclosure in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in New South Wales was substantially unregulated. Except for banks, insurance companies, companies receiving money on deposit and, after 1896, no liability mining companies, statutes regulating companies either contained no compulsory disclosure rules or were silent about the details of information to be disclosed. In almost all cases the statutes regulating companies were based on English counterparts or had English antecedents, while the capital maintenance rule limiting profits available for dividends came from English case law. However, some English statutes, notably the life insurance legislation of 1870 and the Companies Acts of 1879, 1900 and 1907, were not adopted in New South Wales.  相似文献   

17.
This study investigates the financial reporting regulation effects of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) staff comments made during the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Annual Current SEC & Public Company Oversight Board (PCAOB) Developments Conference in Washington, D.C. (SEC Conference). At this conference, the SEC staff communicates its preferences about areas where it believes companies are misapplying GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles). We call this communication SEC Speech GAAP. One outcome of the SEC Conference may be that companies re-evaluate their previous financial reporting by restating their financial statements. We find, first, that firms with restatement issues similar to those covered at the SEC Conference experience a decrease in the association between earnings and future cash flows after the restatement. Second, we find little market reaction to the disclosure of restatements related to SEC Conference issues, but the disclosure of non-conference related restatement issues has a significantly negative affect on investors’ valuation decisions. Our findings suggest that SEC Speech GAAP is associated with financial statements that are less informative to investors and investors find the valuation consequences of restatements prompted by SEC Speech GAAP to be less important than the valuation consequences for restatements prompted for other reasons.  相似文献   

18.
    
It has been suggested recently that the accounting systems used in developing countries may be irrelevant to their needs because they originate in Western countries with different cultural values. The accounting literature on this point, however, is vague in its assessment of exactly what aspects of Western accounting systems fail to meet the test of relevance. Furthermore, it is not clear whether the differences between the needs of users in various countries are differences in kind or only differences in degree. This article analyses these issues by introducing technical considerations in addition to the behavioural ones usually discussed and by separating out problems of accounting measurement from problems of accounting disclosure. This distinction is used to argue that it is the specific disclosure rules of particular calculations inherent in Western accounting systems rather than the transaction cost database that are most likely to fail to satisfy the needs of users in developing countries. The effect of the importation of the French Unified Accounting System to Lebanon is examined and an amended version of the Hofstede-Gray cultural accounting framework is used to clarify the concept of cultural relevance.  相似文献   

19.
会计政策选择虽然在形式上表现为会计过程中的一种行为规范,但它的价值取向往往影响着与企业利益相关的各利益集团,是各方利益博弈均衡的结果。由于新会计准则全面引入了公允价值计量方法,扩大了会计政策选择的空间,因此,从伦理的角度探讨会计政策选择问题,具有非常重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

20.
保险公司上市后,其会计信息的公开披露成为保险公司必须履行的一项强制性义务.现已颁布的相关法律和制度,对此提出了新的要求,而目前保险上市公司会计信息披露缺乏真实性、充分性、及时性和主动性.因此,应尽快推行新企业会计准则,提高会计信息披露的规范化建设,健全公司治理结构,强化对保险公司的监管和审计.  相似文献   

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