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1.
提高纳税人遵从水平是税务部门的工作重心,传统的威慑型遵从理论只强调人们理性自利的一面,在实践中暴露出一定缺陷,和实证结果不相符合的事实也大大削弱了该理论对实践的指导作用。本文强调了纳税人心理因素,引入了税收道德理念,运用新兴的心理经济学理论对个人税收遵从行为进行分析,以期弥补传统威慑型理论的固有缺陷,并提供更符合现实的解释。  相似文献   

2.
在商业银行信贷背景下基于前景理论和区间数的模糊决策方法,模拟了商业银行客户经理的信贷决策行为,前景理论能够解释期望效用理论不能解释的现象,更全面考虑银行贷款客户经理有限理性的特征。而贷款客户经理在信贷决策过程中往往很难对客户风险给出精确的决策信息,在对客户的准则值进行评价时,用区间数等模糊形式来表示决策信息,可以更好地刻画信贷决策问题,帮助银行贷款客户经理提高决策质量。  相似文献   

3.
国外纳税遵从研究动态   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
国外有关纳税遵从的研究主要从以下两条途径展开:一是起始于Allingham & Sandmo的A-S分析模型,运用预期效用理论来分析纳税人的纳税遵从决策;二是基于Tversky & Kahneman提出的期望理论分析风险选择偏好以及框架效应等对纳税人纳税遵从行为的影响,并解释预期效用理论下分析纳税人纳税遵从行为的一些困惑.本文借鉴国外纳税遵从的研究并结合我国实际情况,提出了完善我国的税务稽查与处罚制度、提高社会整体税收道德水平、增强财政公平度及优化税款预缴制度以提升我国的纳税遵从水平的建议.  相似文献   

4.
一、期望理论(Prospect Theory)的介绍 要提高我国纳税遵从水平,首先要加强对纳税人行为的分析。期望理论作为行为经济学的一个重要理论基础,它是行为学与经济学理论的有效融合,对解释纳税人实际决策行为并提高纳税遵从水平具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

5.
新古典保险需求理论由于完全理性和完全信息的假定条件与现实世界不符而受到前景理论的挑战。前景理论利用人们高估小概率事件的发生概率解释了保险需求;基于决策过程的保险需求理论考虑了更多的决策影响因素,反映了真实的保险决策过程。本文梳理了这一保险需求理论的发展路线,剖析了三阶段保险需求理论的优势和不足,并就建立基于中国实践的保险需求理论提出了建议。  相似文献   

6.
依行为经济学理论分析逃税现象   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
孙玉霞  珊丹 《涉外税务》2003,(12):24-27
本文借鉴前景理论的确定性效应、参照水平效应、表述性效应以及分离效应等内容,对逃税行为予以解释,以深化对逃税现象的认识,推动税收管理朝着更趋科学化、规范化和人文化的方向发展。  相似文献   

7.
本文以PPP项目中政府和私人企业的决策行为作为研究对象,基于前景理论,考虑PPP项目中政企合作双方决策时的有限理性状态,通过建立前景价值函数进而构建PPP项目合作中政企双方动态演化博弈模型。从演化博弈的视角分析政府和私人企业之间的策略选择和博弈行为。借助数值模拟,对不同参数和概率条件下政企决策行为展开路径分析,以期对政企双方在PPP项目中的决策提供有益的理论参考和借鉴。  相似文献   

8.
本文通过问卷调查的方式,运用协方差分析法,对我国纳税人在纳税遵从决策中是否存在框架效应进行了研究。实证研究结果表明,个人纳税遵从决策行为中存在显著的框架效应,正框架信息下的纳税遵从水平高于负框架信息下的遵从水平。  相似文献   

9.
王敏 《济南金融》2009,(7):81-82
<正>投资者行为通过影响资产定价而影响资源的有效配置。与传统金融理论在完全理性人的假设下研究证券市场投资者的行为不同,行为金融理论在心理学、决策科学研究成果的基础上,研究了投资者的有限理性行为。行为金融学理论突破了传统金融理论预期效用最大化和有效市场的研究范式,从投资者的实际决策心理出发,重新审视主宰金融市场的人的因素对市场的影响,从而有效地解释了众多的市场"异象"。  相似文献   

10.
经济学作为传统的金融学模型的基础,新古典经济主义是它的一个重要分支,它描述了经济人自私的,在一定的条件下尽可能利益最大化且多有非理性的特征。任何资产的价格由市场来配置,需求和供给会影响到价格。传统金融学建立在理性决策之上,但是它存在着先天缺陷,因而出现期望效用理论。行为金融学是一个崭新且飞速发展的领域,它克服了传统金融学将人固定为同质理性人。行为金融学在认知心里学理论方面,结合人类主观思维对金融现象和问题的解释和预测,在这个条件下,人们是如何进行预测的。同时现代研究指出,在有效市场理论框架下,传统理性投资者的期望效用最大化理论不能解释许多现实问题。行为金融学理论意在协调投资行为-个体行为和群体行为在内的与传统理论相互矛盾解释。  相似文献   

11.
In contrast to most prior research in this area, which focuses on actual disclosures, this study uses a large-scale direct method to investigate the factors that a key preparer group believes influence intellectual capital (IC) disclosure decisions. IC disclosures are typically characterised by uncertainty of interpretation and high levels of commercial sensitivity. A questionnaire elicits 93 UK-listed company finance directors' views regarding the influences on these decisions. Results are used to evaluate the relative explanatory power of several theoretical and practical reasons for disclosure. Strongest support is found for competitive disadvantage and capital market considerations. Issues related to legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory and other economic disclosure costs also feature. Factor analysis reduces the set of 28 incentives and disincentives to 10 uncorrelated dimensions, indicating that a broad and complex set of overlapping factors affect the disclosure decision. The importance of disclosure incentives and disincentives is found to vary both within and between disclosure topics, which may explain the variation in findings in prior research.  相似文献   

12.
主流经济学以人是理性的假设为基础,进行数学化的推论,能够解释人的理性经济行为,但不能说明人的不确定条件下的非理性决策行为。近年来,在不确定条件下决定的非理性行为的研究取得了一定进展,把非理性纳入经济研究成为补充主流经济学缺陷并推动经济学发展的不可或缺的方面。  相似文献   

13.
We asked 82 experienced managers to value, in effect, a set of real options, by taking decisions on invented case studies. The classic Black Scholes model should set an upper bound for rational valuations of these options (since it assumes a risk neutral discount rate, which may be optimistic). The managers valued their options erratically, and generally optimistically, though their responses to changes in moneyness, volatility and maturity tended to be in the 'correct' directions. Oil industry managers over-valued least, relative to Black-Scholes, and Brewery managers most. Questionnaires explored managers' perceptions of the real option parameters encountered in their workplaces.  相似文献   

14.
The problem of expectations formation has been either ignored or treated with very restrictive assumptions in traditional dividend adjustment models. Since these models are typically used to explain the dividend decisions of individual firms, a more satisfactory treatment of the process of expectations formation is needed. In order to analyze the dynamic dividend adjustment process, this article proposes a model, more general than previous ones, that is consistent with the rational expectations hypothesis. A nonlinear regression method is used to estimate the parameters of the model and to test the validity of the rational expectations hypothesis in dividend decisions making. The partial adjustment model with rational expectations explains dividend adjustments reasonably well. The overall results suggest that firms make use of available earnings information to form optimal future earnings forecasts; specifically, a firm's dividend adjustment process is completed in about two and a half quarters. This article also finds that the fourth-order serial correlation problem disappears after a generalized Tobit model is used for the parameter estimation.  相似文献   

15.
This paper explains the capability theory of how HFT firms make allocation decisions under uncertainty, and shows how capability maximization is precisely consistent with utility theory. The issue, however, is how these firms actually make allocation decisions in practice. Using the Gioia methodology, this paper presents evidence from interviews with HFT professionals and specialist media that suggest that these firms are capability satisficers. Capability theory is also consistent with bounded rationality and the adaptive markets hypothesis, and defines the point at which these firms reach a satisfactory solution. Thus, capability reconciles mainstream theory and the more realistic, behavioral theories based on observation of industry practice. The methodology developed can be applied to any firm that makes algorithmic decisions under uncertainty.  相似文献   

16.
We examine leverage decisions in the context of national culture over the 1996–2010 period. Cultural characteristics can explain capital structure decisions from emerging-markets cross-listings. The results show that firms from countries with high Individualism and Indulgence employ more debt. Firms located in countries with high Power Distance, Masculinity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long-term Orientation are less leveraged. Additionally, Exchange-traded and capital-raising ADRs are more likely to be from countries with weaker corporate governance. Univariate tests show that capital-raising ADRs employ less debt relative to non-capital-raising ADRs, and notably, in the post-cross-listing period. Interestingly, the home country's cultural characteristics of capital-raising and exchange-traded ADRs exert less influence on their capital structure decisions. Our findings suggest that there is a value discount associated with increased firm leverage. Our insights have practical implications for portfolio managers attempting to enter emerging markets through the use of ADRs. Moreover, investors can evaluate the often neglected effect of cultural values into firm performance.  相似文献   

17.
The psychological background of technical analysis usage is investigated to further explain the popularity and common usage of technical analysis as an investment decision tool. Attitudes toward technical analysis of professional futures market traders and neophyte investors, represented by finance students, were examined. Technical analysis is one of the most popular methods supporting investment decisions and it is much more popular among future market traders than among neophyte investors. The concept of processing information was used to explain this phenomenon. Neophyte investors are more experiential and intuition-driven while using technical analysis models, while futures market traders are more rationally driven. Technical analysis methods help professional traders on futures markets, which are less transparent than regulated stock markets, to process information; those methods are perceived by them as rational, cognitive tools supporting their decision making.  相似文献   

18.
We have developed a series of all-purpose computer decision models, collectively called CADA, which provide easy assistance in making more comprehensive and rational decisions. They are part of an emerging computer artificial intelligence revolution that may soon mass produce rational decision analysis for public mass consumption. The article first describes CADA and its logic, and some real-world applications. The second part, starting on page 41, is a [fascinating] list of possible consequences of being able to make rational decisions for capitalism and world equality through to advertising and sex lives.  相似文献   

19.
论理性预期理论的合理性   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
作对理性预期理论进行了较全面的分析,指出这一假说理论上的合理性。有效市场理论及国外一些国家在治理通货膨胀方面的实践均是理性预期理论与实践较完善的结合。作把理性预期理论当作一种工具,尝度着用这一理论对我国经济现状进行了分析,同时给出了政策性的建设。  相似文献   

20.
企业共生财务战略及其实现路径   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
如何履行企业社会责任,履行社会责任与企业财务绩效的关系又是怎样,这是当前学界、政界和商界所普遍关注的热点问题。本文基于企业共生理论的平台,以解析和诠释共生观视角的财务战略和企业社会责任战略,以及两大战略相互依附而又相互独立的属性,实现企业财务战略与企业社会责任战略进行对接和耦合,使企业与各共生体和共生单元达到利益共生与共赢,由此寻找企业共生财务战略的实现路径。  相似文献   

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