实证会计研究浅析

实证会计研究在我国已经有了一些有意义的研究成果，同时也存在一些问题需要探讨，对这些问题的讨论将有利于我们对实证会计研究的理解和研究水平的提高，以下仅是我所思考的问题和一些建议，希望对研究者有所帮助。     

也谈实证会计的几个问题

随着实证会计的日趋国际化，进行我国实证会计的理论和实践研究已势在必行。通过对实证会计的基本法和实体下的探讨，让实证会计为我们会计市场建设服务，解决企业和社会的一些实际问题。     

中国会计研究方法反思

会计研究方法是我们进行会计理论研究的前提和基础。本文首先对规范会计研究方法和实证会计研究方法进行了介绍和评议,然后对中国会计研究方法发展方向进行了反思,包括要坚持规范会计研究方法和实证会计研究方法结合;尝试使用人文诠释等研究方法;多做实地研究,重视学术规范建设问题。     

对实证会计研究的思考

一、实证会计研究的基本问题(一)什么是实证会计研究?目前,会计理论界普遍认为,实证会计研究是一种与规范会计研究相区别的研究方法。规范会计研究回答应该是什么的问题,试图解决基本的价值判断和会计优选问题,实证会计研究回答是什么和为什么的问题,关注对会计客观事实的认     

我国会计实证教学的现状及其思考

会计实证教学是我国会计高等教育的新内容,对于普及和提高我国的会计实证研究起着基础性的作用。作者对我国部分大学的会计实证教学进行调查,了解了这些学校会计实证教学的师资、研究生的会计实证研究、会计实证教学的课程开设、会计实证教学的行政措施、对会计实证研究能力的认识等方面的情况;并对调查结果进行初步分析,提出了对我国会计实证教学的一些认识。     

关于实证会计研究的哲学反思

目前遍布会计学、经济学学术刊物的实证会计研究论文作为一种时尚被推崇.然而,从历史的辩证法的视角分析实证会计研究以及其始祖实证主义,我们除了看到它能够丰富会计理论内容、完善会计理论研究方法、追求科学研究精神、促进会计科学精密化以及保证研究结论的相对可靠性等一些优点以及其许多浅薄的结论之外,还看到了方法论上的诸多缺陷,如:应用条件存在局限性、获取适当数据存在很大难度和研究方法本身存在一定的技术问题等.中国会计研究当前尚不具备全面推行实证会计研究的条件.     

专家视点Expert View——中国会计研究方法反思

会计研究方法是我们进行会计理论研究的前提和基础。本文首先对规范会计研究方法和实证会计研究方法进行了介绍和评议，然后对中国会计研究方法发展方向进行了反思，包括要坚持规范会计研究方法和实证会计研究方法结合；尝试使用人文诠释等研究方法；多做实地研究，重视学术规范建设问题。     

关于会计研究方法问题

本文认为 ,会计研究方法是进行会计理论研究的前提 ,是会计理论体系的重要组成部分。会计研究方法的运用要与研究的问题本身以及当时的外在环境相适应 ,正确地运用会计研究方法是提高会计理论研究水平的保证。我国的会计研究方法要根据研究内容的不同选择相应的会计研究方法。现阶段 ,规范研究仍应占据主导地位。我们提倡运用实地研究、问卷调查和案例分析等实证研究方法。在研究过程中 ,要注意规范研究和实证研究的相互结合 ,做到有推理 ,有例证     

浅谈我国实证会计研究:问题及改进

实证会计研究自引入我国以来,得到了广泛认可,发展迅速.实证会计研究与规范性会计研究既有本质上的不同,在功能和研究方法上又有一定的联系.我国的实证会计研究存在着理论基础缺失、研究资料可靠性不高、研究领域狭小和研究者素质不高等问题.为了推动我国实证会计的进一步发展,实证会计研究人员必须建立自己的理论框架结构,提高研究数据的可靠性,扩展研究领域,提高自身素质,正确把握实证研究的导向.     

财务会计理论:演进、继承与可能的研究问题

本文划分为"早期学者的努力"、"会计准则导向的会计理论研究"、"会计基本假设时期和实证会计理论的崛起"、"财务会计概念框架的研究与实证会计理论的迅速发展"以及"改进企业财务报告与实证会计研究日益盛行"等五个阶段,扼要回顾了财务会计理论自从Sprague(1908)以来百余年的发展,坚持继承和发展的思路,在此基础上简要概括了财务会计理论领域内未来一些可能的研究问题。     

Environmental and Social Matters in Mandatory Corporate Reporting: An Academic Note

This note provides an overview of mandatory corporate reporting for environmental and social matters in Canada, the United States and the EU. When researchers and educators consider reporting on these matters, they often look to voluntary corporate reporting. However, we argue that a lot of related information exists in companies’ mandatory reports, either in the disclosures dictated by securities regulators, or via other required channels. Our objective is threefold. First, to describe what currently exists regarding mandatory reporting on environmental and social matters (to inform). Second, to discuss several of the current ongoing debates regarding such reporting (to encourage discourse). Third, to encourage research into the mandatory reporting of environmental and social matters.     

我国证券市场内幕交易的法学实证分析——来自31起内幕交易成案的统计分析

内幕交易是证券法学界炙手可热、经久不衰的热门课题,关于内幕交易的各种概念、学说、理论被学术界翻炒得烂熟,解剖个案麻雀的精彩论著也不鲜见,但受制于案例、资料和相关数据的局限,少有学者从实证角度,系统性地研究我国内幕交易成案的总体特征。本文力图在传统证券法学研究途径之外,独辟蹊径,通过运用统计、数量分析等经济学科工具,对证券市场成立以来查处的全部31起内幕交易案件加以实证分析,以期得出我国内幕交易案件的发案特征与规律,为打击和防范内幕交易违法行为,修订内幕交易法制提供数据支持和实证参考。     

Effects of database choice on international accounting research

Data availability is one of the traditional obstacles confronting researchers carrying out international empirical studies in accounting. In recent years several databases have claimed to offer comprehensive coverage of accounting and financial data of firms worldwide. We analyse whether the choice of database has an effect on the results of empirical studies. We find that the results of a simple empirical adaptation of the Ohlson (1995 ) model for fourteen member states of the European Union change significantly depending on the database chosen (Datastream, Global Vantage, Company Analysis, Worldscope, Thomson Financial, Financials and BvD Osiris). These differences are mainly attributable to differences in the samples across databases. When we match observations across all databases the differences persist but are much less pronounced. Our main conclusion is that database choice matters, as it leads to different results when the same research design is used.     

Evolution of multivariate copulas in continuous and discrete processes

There has been much interest in copulas, which are known to provide a flexible tool for analyzing the dependence structure among random variables. Dependence relations must be dynamic rather than static in nature. However, copulas are useful mainly for static matters. Thus we introduce evolving multivariate copulas, which transform through time autonomously governed by the multivariate heat equation. Our aims are to prove their existences and solutions to analyze their transitions. Moreover, we construct discrete type to apply empirical data analysis and investigate their properties, and prove that they converge to their original continuous type.     

Listening to student views on the transition from work placement to the final year

This paper addresses a gap in the literature on student work placements, specifically the challenges of returning to final-year study after a year out. We focus on students in an Accountancy and Finance Department at one UK University who alerted us to the ways in which they struggled during the transition back to full-time study. Their accounts were surprising in the light of, albeit limited, research and our own perceptions that students who go on placement fare better in the final year than those who do not. We draw two inferences from this research, which we discuss in this paper. First, there is a need to refine analyses and evaluations of the benefits of a placement year. Second, there is a need to expand the repertoire of methodologies in empirical placement research to include those that provide opportunities for students to articulate what matters to them.     

CEO turnover in a competitive assignment framework

There is widespread concern about whether Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) are appropriately punished for poor performance. While CEOs are more likely to be forced out if their performance is poor relative to the industry average, overall industry performance also matters. This seems puzzling if termination is disciplinary, however, we show that both absolute and relative performance-driven turnover can be natural and efficient outcomes in a competitive assignment model in which CEOs and firms form matches based on multiple characteristics. The model also has new predictions about replacement managers' equilibrium pay and performance. We document CEO turnover events during 1992–2006 and provide empirical support for our model.     

Do Heterogeneous Beliefs Matter for Asset Pricing?

We study how heterogeneous beliefs affect returns and examinewhether they are a priced factor in traditional asset pricingmodels. To accomplish this task, we suggest new empirical measuresbased on the disagreement among analysts about expected earnings(short-term and long-term) and show they are good proxies. Wefirst establish that the heterogeneity of beliefs matters forasset pricing and then turn our attention to estimating a structuralmodel in which we use the forecasts of financial analysts toproxy for agents’ beliefs. Finally, we investigate whetherthe amount of heterogeneity in analysts’ forecasts canhelp explain asset pricing puzzles.     

A market test of investor reaction to disagreements

The SEC currently requires that firms disclose recent disagreements with their auditors over accounting or auditing matters when a change in auditor is reported. The effectiveness and usefulness of requirements to disclose disagreements have been questioned, and previous empirical research on the issue has been inconclusive. This study investigates the information content of disclosure of the auditor-firm disagreements. The analysis indicates a significant negative market reaction in the week that the Form 8-K is filed with the SEC. This finding is consistent with the position that the disclosure provides information useful to investors.     

银行理财产品快速发展对货币信贷政策影响探析——基于吉林省的调查与思考

近年来,我国银行理财产品业务快速发展,跨行业、跨市场的理财产品日益丰富。银行理财产品的发展,造成了货币政策和信贷政策传导和执行的效率降低、融资规模调控难度加大、产品募集期与投资期限错配导致金融系统流动性风险上升,混业交叉投资导致监管难度加大等诸多问题。本文以吉林省为例,对吉林省银行理财产品及表外业务发展总体状况对货币信贷政策影响进行分析,进而提出加强对理财产品监管,提高货币政策有效性的政策建议。     

Leverage and the Complexity of Takeovers

There is scant empirical evidence on how the leverage of target firms affects gains to their shareholders, although there are several widely cited economic theories offered in the literature. The limited available evidence shows that shareholders of targets with greater leverage experience higher returns. However, even this observed effect of debt on takeovers cannot be distinguished from a mere mechanical pure leveraging effect, leaving the economic explanations untested. Consequently, we adopt an alternative approach here to examine if targets' debt truly matters in takeovers. We report that acquisition processes involving targets with higher leverage tend to be significantly more complex in several ways. We find that such acquisitions tend to take a longer time to consume, are more likely to be associated with multiple bidder auctions, and experience greater revisions in offer prices. Finally, we find that factors that make takeovers more complex also lead to greater target gains.