基于DEA的特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所运营效率研究

本文运用数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)方法,从投入与产出角度,对特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所运营效率分别进行了DEA-BCC静态分析及DEA-Malmquist动态分析,并在此基础上考察了会计师事务所转制前后的运营效率变化。研究发现,特殊普通合伙制会计师事务所的整体运营效率较高,且会计师事务所转制后运营效率较转制前有较大提升,会计师事务所转制为特殊普通合伙制为我国注册会计师行业做强做大提供了重大发展契机。     

中国会计师事务所组织形式变迁研究

本文以中国会计师事务所的组织形式变迁为研究对象,深入分析了中国不同阶段会计师事务所组织形式选择的原因,并对有限责任制,合伙制,特殊普通合伙进行了对比分析,从而得出,特殊普通合伙制是适合中国现阶段会计师事务所发展的组织形式这一结论。为我国会计师事务所做大做强战略的有效实施提供有益素材。     

浅议合伙制会计师事务所内部治理结构

建立有效治理结构,以确保独立审计质量。本文通过总结合伙会计师事务所治理结构的特点,结合我国实际情况,提出我国合伙制会计师事务所改进与完善我国会计师事务所内部治理,应从制度和政策上积极引入有限责任合伙制和增加特殊的普通合伙制形式、建立合伙会计师事务所共同治理结构以及建立健全各项内部管理制度。     

试析特殊普通合伙制税务师事务所制度建设

特殊普通合伙制是一种在《合伙企业法》框架下的新型组织形式,需要有至少两个普通合伙人所构成,此种形式能够在保留普通合伙制基本特征的同时,有效分担合伙人的法律责任,是我国会计师事务所领域发展的重要突破,同时也值得税务师事务所参考借鉴.基于特殊合伙制事务所的特殊性,其制度的建设不能直接照搬以往的管理制度,必须要结合实际情况、特征进行制度重构,以合理的制度推动特殊普通合伙制事务所的可持续发展.本文就以此为重点,对特殊普通合伙制的框架下,事务所制度建设提出几点策略与建议,希望能为同行业者提供些许参考.     

我国会计师事务所推行特殊普通合伙制的SWOT分析及对策建议

正根据中共十八大和十八届三中全会精神,我国现在需要大力发展服务业贸易,其中就包括审计服务,这与我国会计师事务所做大做强的目标完全吻合。而推进特殊普通合伙制将有利于我国会计师事务所重塑诚信品牌,进一步促进会计师事务所国际化发展,符合我国的经济发展战略方向,因此推行会计师事务所特殊普通合伙制势在必行。然而在我国推行特殊普通合伙制并非易事。为解决这一问题,我们采用SWOT分析并提出对策建议。     

有限责任合伙制:我国会计师事务所组织形式的发展方向

会计师事务所的组织形式有四种:个人独资制、合伙制、有限责任制、有限责任合伙制.其中,有限责任制损害了公众利益,应废止此种组织形式;合伙制阻碍了事务所规模的扩大,我国不宜采取此种组织形式;有限责任合伙制能实现公众利益与事务所利益间的平衡,在新的<注册会计师法>中引入有限责任合伙制势在必行.     

关于合伙制度在中国注册会计师行业的若干思考

“积极探索适应大型会计师事务所发展需要的组织形式，大力推进特殊普通合伙制”，是国务院办公厅转发财政部《关于加快发展我国注册会计师行业若干意见的通知》（国办发[2009]56号）提出的明确要求。为推动注册会计师事业不断取得新进展，财政部于2010年7月颁布了《关于推动大中型会计师事务所采用特殊普通合伙组织形式的暂行规定》（财会[2010]12号）。     

会计师事务所采用合伙制的原因探究

会计师事务所的组织形式有很多,比如独资、合伙制、有限责任公司制、有限责任合伙制,不同的组织形式有不同的权责安排,代表着不同的治理模式。当前我国的会计师事务所主要采用有限责任公司制的组织形式,本文结合国内外会计师事务所组织形式的演变历史,从代理理论、产权理论和不完全契约理论的角度分析了合伙制的优势,为我国会计师事务所转制为合伙制提供了理论基础。     

会计师事务所采用合伙制的原因探究

会计师事务所的组织形式有很多，比如独资、合伙制、有限责任公司制、有限责任合伙制，不同的组织形式有不同的权责安排，代表着不同的治理模式。当前我国的会计师事务所主要采用有限责任公司制的组织形式．本文结合国内外会计师事务所组织形式的演变历史，从代理理论、产权理论和不完全契约理论的角度分析了合伙制的优势。为我国会计师事务所转制为合伙制提供了理论基础。     

论会计师事务所组织形式的选择

本文从分析注册会计师事务所的历史和现状为基础,探讨了四种组织形式的优劣,并说明普通合伙制为最适合我国目前发展状况的事务所组织形式。     

会计师事务所虚假陈述行政法律责任研究

会计师事务所被誉为证券市场的“经济警察”,其对被审单位审计报告关系到投资者的切身利益。会计师事务所在证券市场的虚假陈述行为不仅破坏了金融市场秩序同时还会引起投资者合法权益的损害,因此《证券法》规定了会计师事务所及注册会计师虚假陈述时因承担的民事责任和行政责任。然而,在现行法?律框架之下行政责任的认定往往是民事责任的前提,就我国目前实践而言,行政责任的认定存在诸多不足,注册会计师基于其专业性及公众的合理信赖而对审计业务负有合理的注意义务,法律要求注册会计师在从事审计义务时要勤勉尽责,故细化勤勉尽责义务、完善行政责任构成要件是研究会计师事务所虚假陈述法律责任的重点。     

The core competency framework: a new element in the continuing call for accounting education change in the United States

Professional accounting organizations and academicians in the United States have developed numerous frameworks and reports to address changes in the profession and to provide guidance for accounting educators in the implementation of curriculum change. In 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) released the Core Competency Framework for Entry into the Accounting Profession as an educational component of its CPA Vision Project. The online resource provides direct assistance to educators around the world in the implementation and assessment of the framework's recommendations. The purpose of this paper and the accompanying matrix, Comparison of US Accounting Education Frameworks with the Core Competencies, is to survey the history of contemporary American accounting education frameworks and compare earlier works with the most recent effort by the profession to recommend and institute accounting education change in the United States.     

独立审计质量衡量标准体系的研究

从我国恢复注册会计师制度以来,会计师事务所审计质量就备受关注,迄今为止,国内外众多审计学者已对审计质量问题做了深入研究,但大部分侧重于审计质量控制方面,本文认为要有效解决审计质量及其控制问题首先必须解决审计质量衡量标准的建立问题。本文基于审计工作质量的内涵,采用AHP和专家调查法相结合的方法,提出了一个多层次审计质量衡量标准体系,最后通过立信大华会计师事务所验证了该评价体系的可行性。     

A global analysis of Private Investments in Public Equity

Raising equity capital via Private Investments in Public Equity (PIPEs) has been rising in popularity, matching Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEOs). We use over 10,000 PIPEs in a global setting during 1995–2015 to assess how and through which channels institutional frameworks affect the issuers' performance. We document a significant decline in the market reaction, especially during 2004–2015 and find that firms issuing equity via PIPEs have significantly worse fundamentals. We also show that country governance matters as issuing firms operating in countries with better regulatory environments outperform others. Finally, we find that regulatory enforcement is a plausible underlying channel for the positive effect of the institutional frameworks on PIPEs performance.     

How do auditors respond to accounting restatements? Evidence on audit staff allocation

Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting - We examine how auditors respond to accounting restatements using audit input data from Japan. We find that audit fees, the number of Certified Public...     

Books

Book reviewed in this articles:
M ordechay K noll The Information Value of the Annual Financial Statements of Public Companies in Germany and Israel—A Comparative Empirical Study, Institute of Certified Public Accountants in Israel
M ichael C hatfield A History of Accounting Thought, The Dryden Press     

An investigation of SEC “Speech GAAP”

This study investigates the financial reporting regulation effects of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) staff comments made during the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Annual Current SEC & Public Company Oversight Board (PCAOB) Developments Conference in Washington, D.C. (SEC Conference). At this conference, the SEC staff communicates its preferences about areas where it believes companies are misapplying GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles). We call this communication SEC Speech GAAP. One outcome of the SEC Conference may be that companies re-evaluate their previous financial reporting by restating their financial statements. We find, first, that firms with restatement issues similar to those covered at the SEC Conference experience a decrease in the association between earnings and future cash flows after the restatement. Second, we find little market reaction to the disclosure of restatements related to SEC Conference issues, but the disclosure of non-conference related restatement issues has a significantly negative affect on investors’ valuation decisions. Our findings suggest that SEC Speech GAAP is associated with financial statements that are less informative to investors and investors find the valuation consequences of restatements prompted by SEC Speech GAAP to be less important than the valuation consequences for restatements prompted for other reasons.     

注册会计师的任期和强制轮换与会计盈余稳健性——来自沪深A股上市公司的经验证据

本文实证检验了注册会计师定期轮换规定对我国上市公司会计报告盈余稳健性的影响。研究发现:签字注册会计师任期对客户公司的会计报告盈余稳健性的影响受到会计师事务所与客户公司经济依存度的作用,在事务所经济重要程度较低的客户公司中,签字会计师任期的延长显著降低会计报告的盈余稳健性;而在事务所经济重要程度较高的客户公司中,任期与会计盈余稳健性的关系则并不明确。同时,上市公司在按照《关于证券期货审计业务签字注册会计师定期轮换的规定》更替签字注册会计师后,会计稳健性并未发生显著变化。这表明尽管注册会计师定期轮换规定的实施在我国是必要的,但其实施规定对上市公司盈余稳健性的提高并不完善。本文建议未来轮换规定可以考虑在事务所轮换层面提供更细致的要求,削弱现有轮换规定下客户公司与事务所长期合作关系。     

Interpretation of uncertainty expressions: a cross-national study

This study investigates the effect of language-culture and linguistic translation on the interpretation of verbal uncertainty expressions found in International Accounting Standards. Data are collected from US Certified Public Accountants and German-speaking Wirtschaftsprüfer (chartered or certified accountants) to test three hypotheses. One group of German speakers evaluated uncertainty terms expressed in German and another group in English. The results indicate significant differences in interpretation across the three groups. Some differences are attributed to a language-culture effect and others to a translation effect, with the language-culture effect being more pervasive. These results raise the question of whether International Accounting Standards can be applied consistently across language-cultures.     

LITIGATION RISK FOR AUDITORS AND THE RISK SOCIETY

The auditing industry has mounted a global campaign to reduce its liability. In Canada, it is attempting to change from a doctrine of joint and several liability to proportionate liability, to have the Federal government legislate a statutory cap on liability, or to have the Provincial governments approve the establishment of Limited Liability Partnerships. These initiatives are consistent with the proposals of the CPA firms in the US and the CA firms in the UK. This cross-national trend suggests that a global theory of society is needed to analyze the consequences of audit risk. This paper uses the &ldquo;risk society&rdquo; model proposed by Beck to understand why the audit industry focuses on reducing exposure to liability, rather than on improving the quality of audits. Beck's theory of &ldquo;reflexive modernization&rdquo; provides an analysis of the so-called &ldquo;liability crisis&rdquo; that attempts to overcome the institutional construction offered by the auditing industry. The paper recognizes that it is very difficult for observers outside of the large auditing firms to judge the real risks of audits and to develop alternative public policy options. Ideally, we should be able to evaluate litigation in a modern audit environment. However, the audit firms are not required to disclose sufficient information about their costs to determine the real impact. Meanwhile, professional groups are lobbying hard for changes that will reduce auditors risk without addressing the root causes of audit failures.