我国保险公司治理结构的现状与问题分析

完善保险公司治理结构是保险业进一步深化体制改革的迫切要求。本文对我国保险公司治理的现状进行了分析,认为我国保险公司治理还存在很多问题和有待完善之处。基于我国保险公司治理中存在的问题和保险公司的特殊性,认为完善我国保险公司治理首先要构建适合我国国情的公司治理模式,文中构建两种治理结构可供选择。     

上市公司独立董事治理与薪酬契约的比较研究——基于社会网络分析视角

本文首先从高管薪酬业绩敏感性、薪酬粘性的角度,考察了上市保险公司的薪酬契约机制。其次运用社会网络分析方法,比较检验了独立董事网络位置与上市保险公司、上市非保险公司薪酬契约的相互关系。结果显示:我国上市保险公司已经基本确立了与业绩挂钩的薪酬考核机制,但目前同时存在比较明显的薪酬粘性特征;不论是上市保险公司还是上市非保险公司,其独立董事均能在一定程度上对薪酬契约发挥治理作用。本研究丰富了保险公司"网络和治理"尤其是治理机制和薪酬契约的实证研究文献。关于上市保险公司和上市非保险公司的比较检验,对完善上市保险公司独立董事治理和薪酬契约机制提供了有价值的思路和启示。     

保险公司治理转型:从行政型治理到经济型治理

在新兴市场和转轨经济的制度背景下,中国保险公司治理正经历从行政型治理向经济型治理的转型。本文从现代企业制度的实践层面梳理了保险公司治理的转型过程。同时,从理论角度分析了其治理主体、治理边界、金融风险承担主体的演化路径,归纳了保险公司治理转型与治理结构、治理监管、治理效率、治理风险等相关问题的研究脉络。     

中国保险公司交强险经营效率测算及影响因素分析——基于企业与社会的视角

本文通过数据包络分析方法,选择不同的投入、产出变量,分别从企业和社会角度两方面,对24家保险公司2008年～2013年交强险经营效率进行了测算,测算结果表明24家保险公司的企业效率和社会效率并不总是同步,有些公司两个效率之间存在着较大差异;为考量影响企业效率和社会效率的因素,文章选用随机效应模型进行了回归分析,回归结果表明保险公司开展业务的省份越多,其企业效率越高,而社会效率越低。并且,保险公司的专业化程度及所属集团下设立资产管理公司对社会效率都具有显著正影响。     

保险公司参股与盈余质量关系研究——基于我国上市公司的实证研究

本文以2007~2012年非金融类上市公司为样本,从盈余质量视角实证检验了保险公司参股对公司治理的作用及其经济后果。结果发现:保险公司参股的公司具有更高的盈余质量,且参股比例越大,其盈余质量越高;与非受限流通股相比,保险公司以受限流通股形式参股其盈余质量更高;保险公司参股的公司治理功能提升了公司业绩。以上结果表明,保险公司参股具有公司治理功能,且以受限流通股形式更明显,从而提升了公司价值。     

保险公司治理研究：进展、框架与展望

利用文献检索的方法重点从研究主题角度,综述了国内外保险公司治理的相关研究成果。发现国外对保险公司治理的研究已经经历了近三十年的时间,目前已进入到深入研究的阶段;国内的相关研究起步较晚,近十年的研究还聚焦于保险公司治理的概念、模式以及国际比较等方面,亟待进一步深入。在对国内外保险公司治理相关文献梳理和比较分析的基础上,提...     

公司治理机制对我国保险业风险与绩效的影响——基于我国保险行业2011年截面数据

利用2011年66家中资性质的保险公司年报数据和治理信息,从样本总体和按业务类型分类两个层面研究保险公司的治理结构对其风险控制和绩效水平的影响。实证回归结果表明,第一大股东持股比例、独立董事比例的提高对保险公司的风险管理有显著的正面影响,而治理机制对于保险公司的绩效改善则没有明显的帮助,甚至在寿险公司层面上董事会专业机构数量以及监事会规模的扩大甚至会对其绩效存在负面的影响。建议我国保险公司在公司治理机制的建设中不仅要单纯达到形式上的合规,更要着力加强实际运行中相关机制的有效性。     

新《保险法》对保险公司公司治理影响的研究——基于产权理论视角

本文首先综述了公司治理的多种涵义。从产权理论视角看,投保人与被保险人也是公司治理机制的一方,所以公司治理目标不仅要维护股东的利益,而且要保护保险公司治理机制弱势方——投保人和被保险人的权益。这为新《保险法》突显保护被保险人和投保人的权益提供了理论基础。接着,笔者从产权市场失灵、产权资源配置效率视角,分析了新《保险法》对保险公司治理结构影响。最后,在简述我国目前保险公司治理的现状及存在问题的基础上,分别从公司内部和外部的治理机制出发,分析了新《保险法》对我国保险公司治理的影响。     

新《保险法》对保险公司公司治理影响的研究——基于产权理论视角

本文首先综述了公司治理的多种涵义。从产权理论视角看,投保人与被保险人也是公司治理机制的一方,所以公司治理目标不仅要维护股东的利益,而且要保护保险公司治理机制弱势方——投保人和被保险人的权益。这为新《保险法》突显保护被保险人和投保人的权益提供了理论基础。接着,笔者从产权市场失灵、产权资源配置效率视角,分析了新《保险法》对保险公司治理结构影响。最后,在简述我国目前保险公司治理的现状及存在问题的基础上,分别从公司内部和外部的治理机制出发,分析了新《保险法》对我国保险公司治理的影响。     

我国财产保险公司经营效率改善潜力来源—基于非参数共同前沿分析框架

考虑到财产保险公司之间存在生产技术异质性,采用共同前沿函数和非径向DEA方法构建非参数共同前沿分析框架,对2006~2013年我国31家财产保险公司的经营效率进行实证测度,分析效率损失原因并揭示效率改善的潜力来源。研究发现：共同前沿下的经营效率水平,低于组别前沿下的情况,但显示了最佳技术条件下财险保险公司经营效率的最大改善潜力;我国财产保险公司总体经营效率较高,中资公司效率高于外资公司,表明外资公司存在更大的效率改善空间;管理无效和技术无效是导致经营效率损失的两大来源,其中外资公司经营效率损失主要由技术无效造成,中资公司经营效率损失的原因则具有多样性;前者效率改善的策略是提高生产技术水平,而后者应根据效率损失来源的关键方面提出有针对的设计策略。     

Deposit insurance coverage,ownership, and banks' risk-taking in emerging markets

We ask how deposit insurance systems and ownership of banks affect the degree of market discipline on banks' risk-taking. Market discipline is determined by the extent of explicit deposit insurance, as well as by the credibility of non-insurance of groups of depositors and other creditors. Furthermore, market discipline depends on the ownership structure of banks and the responsiveness of bank managers to market incentives. An expected U-shaped relationship between explicit deposit insurance coverage and banks' risk-taking is influenced by country specific institutional factors, including bank ownership. We analyze specifically how government ownership, foreign ownership and shareholder rights affect the disciplinary effect of partial deposit insurance systems in a cross-section analysis of industrial and emerging market economies, as well as in emerging markets alone. The coverage that maximizes market discipline depends on country-specific characteristics of bank governance. This “risk-minimizing” deposit insurance coverage is compared to the actual coverage in a group of countries in emerging markets in Eastern Europe and Asia.     

寿险公司股权结构对经营绩效的影响——基于经理人代理成本视角

基于2012—2020年我国寿险公司的面板数据，实证检验股权结构对绩效的影响并探究其作用机制。结果表明：股权集中与绩效显著负相关，股权制衡与绩效显著正相关。机制检验发现，股权集中通过增加经理人代理成本削减绩效，股权制衡通过优化此类代理成本改善绩效。异质性分析表明，股权集中对成立时间短、发展速度慢的寿险公司绩效的负面影响更为显著。鉴于此，监管部门应适当降低寿险公司股东持股比例上限，引导非控股股东积极参与公司治理。     

公司治理对保险公司绩效影响的实证检验——以24家中资财产保险公司为例

近年来,金融机构的治理问题日益引起学者们的重视,成为公司治理领域研究的热点。综观已有的国内外文献,国外研究侧重于不同所有制保险公司的治理差异,且样本多来自英美发达国家;而国内保险公司治理研究刚刚起步,在研究变量、研究样本的选择上还存在一些不足。鉴于此,本文以24家中资财产保险公司为样本,实证检验了股权结构、董事会特征、高管激励机制、信息披露透明度等治理机制对保险公司绩效的影响。     

Is corporate governance risk valued? Evidence from directors' and officers' insurance

We find that common equity firms pay lower D&O insurance premiums than income trusts, an alternative and riskier ownership form. This result has wide-ranging implications for investors insofar as the information provided by D&O insurers provides investors with an unbiased signal of the firm's governance risk. The signal is unbiased because it comes from an entity (i.e. the insurer) that has a direct financial incentive to correctly assess an organization's governance risk, in contrast to other ad hoc governance measures and indices.     

BANK PRIVATIZATION AND CONVERGENCE OF PERFORMANCE: INTERNATIONAL EVIDENCE

We trace the extent of performance deviation of privatized banks from established private banks in 30 countries from 1994 to 2005 and investigate the role of bank regulatory and supervisory norms, market competition, ownership structure, deposit insurance scheme, and governance structure affecting the deviation. Evidence shows that privatization does improve the performance of banks in the first year of being privatized, but performance gradually declines, which is consistent with the government restructuring argument before the privatization. Governance, foreign ownership, banking freedom (regulations), and the deposit insurance scheme in respective economies are found to affect performance deviation significantly.     

国有上市保险公司股权结构对经营绩效的影响研究

伴随着国有企业股份制改革浪潮的推进,对我国保险业来说影响深远的重大事件莫过于中国人寿和中国太保2007年先后回归境内上市.股权结构作为目前上市公司热门话题之一--公司治理的关键基础,探析它对我国国有上市保险公司经营绩效的影响是迫切的、符合实际国情的.本文采用个体时点双固定效应回归模型考察了从2008年第一季度到2010...     

Effizienz und Eigentümerstruktur: Eine empirische Analyse des deutschen Lebensversicherungsmarktes

We provide new insights into the effect of ownership on efficiency by analyzing the German life insurance market over the period 2002–2005. Previous research on alternative organizational forms in the life insurance industry has focused on stock and mutual ownership only. Due to the uniqueness of the German insurance market, where privately-owned companies face competition by public insurers, we add to the recent literature the well known debate on public versus private ownership, by investigating stock, mutual and public ownership forms. Using traditional DEA, we calculate technical efficiency and cost efficiency scores to test the efficient structure hypothesis as well as the expense preference hypothesis. Our results give strong support to the latter, while we find no evidence that public ownership is an efficient corporate structure for life insurers. The group of stock firms dominates both, mutual and public insurers, although differences between stock and mutual companies are smaller than differences between stock and public firms. Analyzing within-group results, our findings suggest that high efficiency scores can be associated with certain firm characteristics which are publicly available: high returns on assets, low cancellation rates and low costs.     

Bank governance,regulation and risk taking

This paper conducts the first empirical assessment of theories concerning risk taking by banks, their ownership structures, and national bank regulations. We focus on conflicts between bank managers and owners over risk, and we show that bank risk taking varies positively with the comparative power of shareholders within the corporate governance structure of each bank. Moreover, we show that the relation between bank risk and capital regulations, deposit insurance policies, and restrictions on bank activities depends critically on each bank's ownership structure, such that the actual sign of the marginal effect of regulation on risk varies with ownership concentration. These findings show that the same regulation has different effects on bank risk taking depending on the bank's corporate governance structure.     

Bank Risk and Deposit Insurance

Arguing that a relatively high cost of deposit insurance indicatesthat a bank takes excessive risks, this article estimates thecost of deposit insurance for a large sample of banks in 14economies to assess the relationship between the risk-takingbehavior of banks and their corporate governance structure.The results suggest that banks with concentrated ownership tendto take the greatest risks, and those with dispersed ownershipengage in a relatively low level of risk taking. Moreover, asa proxy for bank risk, the cost of deposit insurance has somepower in predicting bank distress.     

Financial liberalisation,crisis, and restructuring: A comparative study of bank performance and bank governance in South East Asia

This paper examines the impact of changes in bank governance on bank performance for a sample of commercial banks operating in SE Asia between 1990 and 2003. We identify bank governance in terms of bank ownership and measure bank performance as rank order alternative profit efficiency, technical change, and productivity. The period was characterised by financial deregulation, the Asian crisis and bank restructuring programmes. To resolve financial distress, SE Asian authorities implemented inter alia bank privatisation programmes and widened access for foreign ownership. Our results tend to support bank privatisation and the repeal of state ownership on economic grounds. We suggest the potential benefits of foreign ownership may take longer to be realised. For domestic private-owned banks, the challenge is improving bank efficiency.