保险企业社会责任与财务绩效——基于寿险与产险公司的差异性分析

本文以我国2009~2014年54家保险公司的动态面板数据为依据,利用系统GMM估计方法,分析保险企业社会责任与财务绩效之间的相互关系。研究结果表明:保险企业履行社会责任和提高财务绩效之间存在正相关关系,二者相互促进、互相影响,但是寿险公司和产险公司存在明显差异。产险公司滞后一期的社会责任对当期财务绩效有显著正向影响,滞后一期的财务绩效对当期社会责任有显著正向影响;而寿险公司社会责任与财务绩效之间的正相关关系不存在滞后性。分析表明,这种差异是由寿险和产险行业销售模式以及产品性质的不同所致。建议保险企业重视并积极履行社会责任,监管部门规范保险企业社会责任的信息披露。     

企业社会责任与财务绩效关系研究

<正>从20世纪初起,国内外学者针对企业社会责任与财务绩效二者的关系问题进行了广泛而深入的研究。具体来说,对企业社会责任的内涵进行了不同角度的界定,选取不同的指标来衡量企业的财务绩效。另外,对二者关系的研究目前有三种观点,即认为企业社会责任和财务绩效之间存在正相关关系、负相关关系和不存在相关关系。     

食品业上市公司社会责任与绩效相关性的实证研究

近年来,国内外学者对企业社会责任问题都给予了充分的关注,特别是社会责任与绩效相关性更是研究的重中之重.然而,这类研究中很少有针对食品行业的实证研究.基于这样的现状,论文在利益相关者的理论下构建了企业社会责任对绩效相关性模型,在此基础上,对2012—2014年沪深两股市49家食品类企业的社会责任与绩效之间的相关性进行了实证研究.根据得出的结论提出了一些对策与建议,帮助食品企业长久发展并持续获利.     

财务绩效与企业社会责任的相关性研究

企业的性质是以营利为目的,所以企业的财务绩效对企业来说具有非常重要的作用,同时企业也承担着一定的社会责任.而如果企业过于注重财务绩效,而不注重社会责任,则会使企业的发展受到一定的阻碍.因此有效协调企业的财务绩效以及企业社会责任间的关系尤为必要.本文主要对企业财务绩效与企业社会责任的相关性进行研究.     

利益相关者视角下涉农企业社会责任与绩效互为影响关系研究

本文基于利益相关者理论界定了涉农企业的社会责任,并从涉农企业的内部和外部利益相关者角度阐述了对其履行社会责任而对企业绩效产生所的影响,以及涉农企业的不同绩效情况对其履行社会责任所产生的影响分别进行了深入的理论分析.     

煤炭企业社会责任评价体系研究

首先对企业社会责任和企业绩效两个概念进行了界定;然后列出了关于二者之间关系的较具有代表性的观点,即二者之间呈负相关关系、二者之间无相关性以及二者之间呈正相关关系三种观点;接着结合现阶段国内企业的状况,从社会资本、利益相关者以及企业文化三个方面分析了企业社会责任对企业绩效的作用机理;最后,提出了企业积极履行社会责任,提高企业绩效的对策。这在企业社会责任越来越受到重视的今天,不但可以在理论上为二者之间作用机理的分析提供研究资料,而且对实践也有一定的指导和借鉴作用。     

技术创新投入、社会责任承担对财务绩效的协同影响研究

本文基于两阶段投资决策模型,理论挖掘技术创新投入、社会责任承担与企业财务绩效三者之间的复杂关系,并以2009-2011年的中国高新技术企业为研究样本,进一步探索技术创新投入和企业社会责任对财务绩效的协同影响。研究表明:(1)企业技术创新投入能够正向促进企业的短期财务绩效和长期财务绩效。(2)企业积极承担社会责任能够直接促进企业的长期财务绩效,但对短期财务绩效没有显著影响。(3)技术创新投入调节增强了企业社会责任对企业长期财务绩效的积极影响;同时企业社会责任也对技术创新投入与长期财务绩效的正向关系发挥了显著的调节增强作用。     

社会责任、内部控制与企业绩效——来自民航运输业的证据

本文选取我国88家机场和29家航空公司2009-2011年的数据为研究样本,实证研究内部控制、企业社会责任与企业绩效的关系.研究发现,内部控制水平与企业绩效存在显著的正相关关系,即提高公司的内部控制质量有助于改善公司的财务业绩.大多数社会责任变量对财务绩效具有正向影响作用,但存在时间上的滞后性.社会责任能够显著地解释内部控制的变化,在内部控制和企业绩效间起到部分中介作用.这一结论对推动企业的社会责任行为及其与内部控制耦合互动的建设有重要意义.     

企业社会责任与财务绩效的关系研究

企业社会责任与财务绩效关系的研究一直是备受瞩目的话题.论文基于利益相关者理论探讨企业社会责任对财务绩效影响.最终得出如下结论:企业承担各利益相关者的责任对财务绩效当期及滞后期都产生显著的推进作用,且滞后一期的显著性强于滞后二期.对于上证A股工业企业而言,承担对股东、政府及供应商的社会责任对财务绩效促进作用更显著.     

医药行业预算与业绩评价体系研究

医药行业在对预算进行管理的时候通常都是使用绩效预算管理的办法.在实施绩效预算管理的时候首先就要考虑到社会效益以及经济效益这两个方面的问题,从这两个方面着手去分析并且评估系统,具体地说就是五个方面:效益、效果、效用、效率、经营业绩.要在考虑到社会责任的基础上去实现社会效益.     

Mandatory CSR disclosure,monitoring and investment efficiency: evidence from China

This study investigates the effect of mandatory corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on firms’ investment efficiency in China. Using the CSR regulation that mandates a group of listed firms to disclose stand‐alone CSR reports after 2008 as a natural experiment, we find that firms subject to the mandatory CSR regulation have decreased investment inefficiency subsequent to the mandate, especially in cases of overinvestment. This effect is more pronounced for firms with a control‐ownership wedge, state‐owned enterprises (SOEs), and firms having lower institutional ownership. Further analyses find that the reduction of overinvestment is much more significant in industries with high pollution and that the reduction in investment is not due to the CSR spending siphoning off capital used in other projects. We argue that mandatory corporate social responsibility disclosure improves monitoring over firms in China, especially when firms are characterised as having severe agency problems.     

The impact of CSR performance and CSR disclosure readability on investors’ earnings estimates

We investigate how the valence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance and the readability of CSR disclosure impact investors’ earnings estimates. Ninety-seven part-time MBA students participate in an experiment, in which we manipulate the valence of CSR performance (positive versus neutral) and the readability of CSR reports (high versus low), while holding financial information constant. Our findings reveal that investors make more positive earnings estimates when CSR performance is positive. The readability level of CSR reports also influences investors’ decision-making process. Moreover, by using an eye-tracking device, we are able to observe investors’ different reading behaviours upon the different levels of readability.     

Mandatory CSR expenditure and firm performance

India has recently mandated corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure under section 135 of the Indian Companies Act 2013 – the first national jurisdiction to do so. In line with the “shareholder value maximization” concept, we document the positive impacts of CSR expenditure on firm performance measured by return on asset and cash flow from operations. Additionally, we find that, despite the regulatory requirement, mandated CSR legislation is a significant but not the sole determinant of actual CSR spending by firms; rather, firm-specific economic factors such as size, level of cash balance and cash flow from operations have a moderating effect. We also observe that CSR expenditure contributes to firm performance irrespective of the level of actual CSR expenditure relative to the level of mandatory CSR expenditure. Our findings potentially reconcile conflicting results presented in the literature and provide valuable information for governments and regulatory authorities that are considering the mandatory implementation of CSR expenditure.     

Shareholder election of CSR committee members and its effects on CSR performance

We examine the election of directors to corporate social responsibility (CSR) committees and whether shareholder votes influence CSR committee effectiveness. Our study is motivated by the importance that shareholders place on CSR and the responsibilities of the board in overseeing a firm's CSR practices. We find that CSR committee members receive greater shareholder support than other directors. We further find that among CSR committee members, those who are more experienced and skilled receive greater shareholder support. Furthermore, when a firm's CSR performance is poorer (better), CSR committee members receive lower (greater) shareholder support compared with other directors. Finally, we find that through voting, shareholders can increase the efficacy of the CSR committee, leading to improvements in CSR committee structure and performance. Overall, our results suggest that shareholders value the services and expertise of CSR committee members and hold them accountable for CSR performance. Shareholder votes are also effective in enhancing CSR performance.     

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Trend

Corporate Social Responsibility, or “CSR,” has recently become a subject of study by financial economists. While there is no shortage of anecdotal evidence to support all variety of positions, broad‐based statistical evidence about the CSR movement is in short supply. This article presents some new empirical evidence that aims to answer three related questions about CSR: First, are corporations increasing their “investment” in what is considered socially responsible behavior? Second, does corporate investment in social responsibility affect a company's financial performance and shareholder value? Third, why do companies invest in CSR: to increase shareholder value, or to uphold a “moral” commitment to non‐investor stakeholders and “society”? Using a social responsibility metric that measures the net CSR strengths (i.e., strengths less concerns) of each S&P 500 and Domini 400 company, the authors report that the average net CSR for both indexes decreased during the 15‐year period (1991‐2005) of the study—though the Domini 400, as might be expected, experienced a smaller decline. The authors also report that corporate strengths have increased, on average, but at a slower rate than the “concerns,” which suggests that corporate CSR efforts may be aimed at a moving target with steadily rising expectations and requirements. Second, the authors report that companies with more CSR strengths or fewer CSR weaknesses produced higher ROA over the same 15‐year period. The authors' findings here suggest a “circular” causality in which profitable companies are more likely to invest in CSR initiatives to begin with, but then find their performance further improved by such investment. Third, the authors' findings suggest that most companies devote resources to CSR initiatives as a means of maximizing long‐run value rather than out of a prior commitment to stakeholders. More specifically, the study shows that companies appear to invest more heavily to build CSR strengths than to eliminate CSR concerns. And as the authors conclude, this behavior is consistent with a strategy of using CSR as a form of “risk management” that promotes corporate strengths in order to limit the potential negative effects of—perhaps by diverting attention from—their weaknesses.     

Customer values and CSR image in the banking industry

The authors analyse the role that collectivism and novelty seeking play in the formation process of corporate social responsibility (CSR) image in the Spanish banking industry. Two multisampling analyses of a structural equation model are performed on a sample of 1124 customers. The findings of the article allow the authors to anticipate CSR image based on (i) the congruence between the company and its CSR initiatives, (ii) the attribution of motivations for the company to implement CSR and (iii) corporate credibility in developing CSR initiatives. The findings also show that collectivists and innovative customers process information differently to individualists and conservative customers.     

Corporate responsibility towards employees and innovation: Evidence from an emerging market

Against a background of rising labor costs and the need to build a harmonious labor–capital relationship in China, this paper focuses on non-pecuniary incentives for employees and discusses the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) towards employees on innovation performance. The empirical results show that CSR towards employees significantly promotes corporate innovation, and that this effect remains robust after accounting for alternative proxies and endogeneity issues. In addition, the positive effect of CSR towards employees on innovation is more significant for firms in high-tech industries, with high levels of R&D inputs and high valuation of employee collaboration. Further analysis indicates that CSR towards employees does not promote R&D investment, but does significantly improve innovation efficiency and the marginal output of R&D investment and reduces the turnover rate of management-level staff with production and R&D backgrounds, which is conducive to stability of the innovation team. In addition, this paper also finds that for companies with high R&D expenditures, CSR towards employees significantly eases the sensitivity between executive turnover and performance, which helps executives resist pressure arising from a decline in short-term performance. The findings of this paper have implications for improving labor–capital relations and enhancing firm innovation capabilities.     

Voluntary CSR disclosure,institutional environment,and independent audit demand

Using a sample of A-share listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, this study examines the impact of voluntary corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on independent audit demand in different institutional environments. The sample covers the 2008–2016 period and excludes firms that are required to disclose CSR information. The findings show that compared with companies that choose to not disclose such information, companies that voluntarily disclose CSR information prefer to employ “small” accounting firms for auditing services, although the auditing fees are much higher. However, as the institutional environment improves, this preference is weakened. Further analyses show that this preference is stronger in enterprises where CSR disclosure is driven by strong political motivations and managerial self-interest motivations. Legitimate motivations and economic motivations do not significantly impact the preference for “small” audit firms. Furthermore, this preference is more obvious in enterprises with poor operational performance and low information disclosure quality, and it increases as CSR disclosure level decreases. The study enriches our understanding of the economic consequences of voluntary CSR disclosure and the factors that influence independent audit demand. The results also have implications for the construction and regulation of China’s system for supervising CSR information disclosure in the transitional phase.     

企业社会责任:“真心”抑或“幌子”?——基于高管内幕交易视角的研究

企业承担社会责任究竟是“真心”还是“幌子”?与现有研究聚焦于考察社会责任对企业行为的影响不同,本文基于高管个体行为视角,实证检验企业社会责任对高管个体证券交易行为的影响。基于2008～2014年中国沪深A股上市公司高管10338个内幕交易样本的实证结果显示:(1)企业承担社会责任不仅能抑制高管内幕交易的规模,更能显著降低高管内幕交易获利性,这表明作为社会责任的谋划者,企业高管并未以社会责任为“幌子”牟取个人证券交易的私利,在一定程度上提供了企业“真心”承担社会责任的证据;(2)进一步从“信息模型”和“声誉模型”双重视角探究发现,在企业信息不透明和高管个人声誉较差的情况下,企业社会责任对高管内幕交易获利性的抑制作用更为显著;并且相较于高管个人声誉较差的情况,企业社会责任在信息不透明的情况下对高管内幕交易获利性的抑制作用更强。总之,本研究从高管个体行为视角提供了企业社会责任具有积极治理作用的证据,不仅丰富了企业承担社会责任经济后果的研究,同时,对利益相关者也具有实践指导意义。