自我效能与股票市场投资者参与

自我效能是影响投资者决策的重要心理变量,依据中国家庭金融微观调查数据,运用传统的logit回归、Fama-French序贯排序列表、倾向得分匹配方法(Propensity Score Match,简称PSM)检验自我效能对投资者参与的影响程度,结果显示自我效能对投资者参与有显著的正向影响。自我效能的定义涉及排序区域的选择,基于不同的排序区域给出了自我效能的7种不同定义,发现在不同定义下自我效能对投资者参与的正向影响均为显著。     

能力效应与金融市场参与:基于家庭微观调查数据的分析

投资者主观能力感受对居民家庭金融市场参与有显著影响。基于中国居民家庭微观调查数据,根据家庭户主对市场了解程度的自我评价以及能力水平感受构建指标,发现居民家庭主观能力感受对居民家庭市场参与行为具有显著的正向影响。同时研究也发现教育程度、家庭收入和健康状况等均会显著影响居民家庭的主观能力感受。     

本地偏好、投资者情绪与股票收益率:来自网络论坛的经验证据

本文以投资者在东方财富网股吧针对创业板上市公司发表的90多万条帖子为研究对象,通过IP地址识别,构建本地关注指标;并利用计算机文本挖掘技术,提取网络发帖所体现的情绪倾向,构建投资者情绪指标。实证结果显示,本地关注对股票收益率的影响取决于投资者情绪,当投资者持积极情绪时,本地关注对股票收益率有显著的正向影响;当投资者持消极情绪时,该影响显著为负。在积极情绪和消极情绪下本地关注对股票交易量都有显著正向影响,但积极情绪下的影响程度比消极情绪下更大。此外,本地关注与投资者情绪的交叉效应在上市公司样本数量较多的北京、广东、江苏、上海、浙江这五个区域都存在,并与整体样本的特征基本一致,但在样本数量较少的其他区域并不完全一致。     

组织支持感对员工知识共享行为的影响：自我效能的中介效应

员工知识共享行为能够促进知识在组织边界内产生溢出效应,从强化内部动机的视角引入自我效能分析组织支持感与员工知识共享行为之间的关系,并构建概念模型进行实证研究具有重要的理论价值。实证结果表明：组织支持感的三个维度中工作支持、价值认同对员工的知识获取行为和知识贡献行为都具有显著的正向影响,关心利益只对员工的知识获取行为具有显著正向影响;自我效能在工作支持、价值认同与知识贡献之间和在价值认同与知识获取之间起到完全中介作用,在工作支持与知识获取之间起到部分中介作用。     

内部控制、股权集中度与投资者关系管理——来自A股上市公司投资者关系调查的证据

本文理论分析了内部控制对投资者关系管理的影响,以及作为公司治理重要机制和内部控制环境要素的股权集中度对两者关系的调节效应。在理论分析的基础上,利用投资者关系管理的问卷调查数据、内部控制指数和相关数据进行了实证检验。研究发现,内部控制对投资者关系管理水平存在显著的正向影响,且在股权集中度较低的公司,内部控制对投资者关系管理水平的正向作用更强。     

网上银行顾客感知价值对银行顾客资产的影响

本文引入顾客感知价值衡量消费者对网上银行的感知,将其分为功能价值、情感价值、社会价值、自我效能价值和感知利失五个维度,并建立结构方程模型考察它们对银行顾客资产(价值资产、品牌资产和关系资产)的影响。通过对360位网上银行用户进行问卷调查及分析发现,顾客对网上银行的情感价值、社会价值、自我效能价值这三个维度的感知与银行的品牌资产和关系资产之间具有显著的正向影响,感知利失对二者有显著的负向影响;关系资产是银行顾客资产最重要的驱动因素,商业银行应该通过提高顾客对网上银行的感知程度,来提升银行的顾客资产。     

基于深度学习的投资者情绪挖掘及其对股价崩盘风险的影响

本文基于网络爬虫挖掘东方财富股吧中个股的发帖文本,搭建卷积神经网络和长短时记忆神经网络特征融合模型(LSTM-CNN),对样本股的股吧发帖文本进行情感识别,构建投资者情绪指标并分析了其对股价崩盘风险的影响效应及其机制。实证发现,当期投资者情绪对下一期股价崩盘风险存在显著的正向影响效应,投资者情绪高涨加剧了未来股价崩盘风险;不同市场环境下,情绪对股价崩盘风险影响具有不对称性,熊市状态下投资者情绪对崩盘风险的正向影响效应更为明显。进一步的异质性分析表明,规模较小、股权集中度较低、卖空限制大、公司所在地市场化水平低的样本公司中投资者情绪对股价崩盘风险的影响更为明显。此外,我们发现股票流动性是投资者情绪影响股价崩盘风险的一个重要的中介变量。研究结论有助于从投资者情绪视角来解释股价崩盘风险的形成机理,丰富了对股价崩盘风险影响因素的认识。     

学历的年代效应与股票市场投资者参与

中国建国后的教育制度变迁使得不同年代的相同学历包含的信息有所不同,本文在控制了年代效应的基础上,研究了学历对投资者股票市场参与的影响。基于建国后教育制度变迁的不同阶段,本文将样本分成三个部分,并分别检验了每个子样本的学历对投资者参与的影响,研究发现第二阶段的学历对投资者参与的影响比较敏感,第一阶段和第三阶段的学历对投资者参与的影响比较弱。将学历对投资者股票市场参与的影响路径分为金融认知和收入稳定性两个方面,进一步解释了不同受教育阶段投资者的学历影响投资者股票市场参与的原因。通过对比不同年代的相同学历的投资者金融认知水平,发现一般性的金融普及方式未必可以有效提高投资者股票市场参与,对高学历的老年人和低学历的中青年人有针对性的分类普及可能效果更好。     

金融素养自信偏差、风险态度与家庭股票市场参与——基于CHFS2019微观数据的实证分析

本文基于2019年中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS),研究金融素养自信偏差、风险态度与家庭股票市场参与的关系。研究发现,主观、客观金融素养及金融素养自信偏差都会提高居民股票市场参与的广度和深度。进一步区分金融素养自信偏差群体发现,相比金融素养评价中肯家庭,过度自信家庭显著偏好参与股票市场。调节效应分析发现,总体上风险态度在金融素养自信偏差对股票市场参与和配置股票资产占比中发挥了正向调节作用;风险态度强化了过度自信对家庭股票市场参与深度的促进作用,但没有显著削弱自信不足对家庭股票市场参与的抑制作用。异质性分析发现,风险态度与金融素养自信偏差的交互作用对非农户籍居民、高收入家庭、低学历家庭的股票市场参与会产生更为显著的正向影响。据此,本文提出强化居民的金融教育,同时提高投资者的风险认知水平,促使居民理性参与股票市场,推动城乡融合发展的政策建议。     

我国财产保险公司多元化经营与绩效的实证研究

本文对我国财产保险公司1999年～2005年多元化经营与绩效之间的关系进行实证研究。通过多元回归模型分析,我们发现,财险公司产品多元化与公司绩效有着非线性关系,经营区域多元化对公司绩效有显著正向影响。同时,财险公司产品多元化与经营区域多元化之间存在交互关系,并对公司绩效有负向影响,产品多元化经营是否能提高公司绩效因其经营区域多元化程度的不同而不同。实证结果还显示,公司规模和集团化对财险公司绩效有显著的正向影响,而投资资产比例与财险公司绩效没有显著的影响关系。     

Retail investor attention and firms' idiosyncratic risk: Evidence from China

This paper investigates retail investor attention to firms' idiosyncratic risk in China. We use the Baidu search index as a proxy for attention and test its effect on Chinese firms' idiosyncratic risk from 2011 to 2017. Our empirical results suggest investor attention has a positive impact on firms' idiosyncratic risk. This effect is robust to possible endogeneity issues and alternative channels of effects and is stronger for small firms. Additional analysis finds that the effect of our proxy for attention on firms' idiosyncratic risk is stronger than investor sentiment and traditional attention proxies, including announcements, media news, analyst ratings, and brokerage reports. These findings provide evidence of retail investor attention could increase firms' contemporaneous idiosyncratic risk, and decrease firms' subsequent period risk.     

质量信号、投资人参与、项目经济性对农产品众筹融资达成率的影响——基于众筹网884个农业众筹项目的数据

使用众筹网884个农业众筹项目的数据，基于投资者需求的角度，结合农产品特色，从质量信号、投资人参与、项目经济性三个维度对农产品众筹融资达成率进行分析。结果表明：相比质量信号，农产品众筹中的“羊群效应”显著；目标融资额反向影响农业众筹融资达成率。进一步研究发现：发起人有项目经验时，投资人更加注重时间成本，发起人无项目经验时，投资人更加注重货币成本；目标融资额显著负向调节管理质量（项目更新次数）对农业众筹融资达成率的影响。因此，为提高农业众筹融资达成率，发起人应当积累项目经验与社会资本，提高项目经济性；平台方应建立健全优质项目筛选机制，提高平台知名度，引导正向“羊群效应”。     

The Real and Accrual-based Earnings Management Behaviors: Evidence from the Split Share Structure Reform in China

This paper investigates the earnings management activities in Chinese listed firms and the impact of the split share structure reform (SSSREF). We demonstrate that Chinese listed firms exhibited a long-term positive relationship between real and accrual-based earnings management activities over the 2002–2011 period. This reflects the environment of weak investor protection and lack of effective corporate governance in China. Our results also indicate that the SSSREF in China has not fundamentally improved firms' quality of financial information. This may be because ownership concentration remains high. However, it is of interest that the reform has created an incentive alignment effect exogenously. We find that firms' use of discretionary accruals was constrained, and they have consequently shifted to less detectable and under-scrutinized real earnings activities after the reform. This shift is similar to that seen with the direct regulatory changes in accounting reporting rules on firms' earnings behaviors in developed countries where the investor protection environment is strong. We suggest that firms' shifting between the accrual and real-based earnings methods is an overlooked area for investors to consider in the emerging market context, and may require the attention of regulators.     

我国投资者情绪与股票收益实证研究

根据投资者情绪是股票价格形成重要影响因素这一研究观点,围绕投资者情绪是否构成系统性风险及其对不同类型股票的差异化影响,运用我国股市交易数据进行的实证研究结果表明,投资者情绪不构成股市的系统性风险,但对不同市值的股票有着差异化的影响,随着股票的"投机性"增加,投资者情绪对其影响也增大.此外,投资者情绪会削弱股票收益与其波动的正相关性,且对于"投机性"越高的股票,这一影响也越大.     

‘Lights,Camera, Action!’ Video Technology and Students' Perceptions of Oral Communication in Accounting Education

Abstract

This paper examines the influence of an authentic assessment item on three dimensions of oral communication in accounting education: skills, self-efficacy, and relevance. An explanatory mixed methods design is used to explore students' perceptions of their development. The results indicate that an elevator pitch assessment has a positive impact on all three dimensions. In particular, the employed video technology fosters greater self-awareness and a more accurate perception of skill levels, and enhances students' self-efficacy. The contextualised learning experience also enables students to better appreciate the relevance of oral communication to their future careers. The paper extends the literature on video technology, self-efficacy, and generic skills development in accounting education, and provides relevant stakeholders with evidence of an authentic activity that can assist with bridging the skills-expectation gap.     

Stock market entry timing and retail investors' disposition effect

This paper explores the long-lasting impact of investors' first impression of participation in the stock market and the disposition effect. Using a unique dataset of account-level transaction records from a large brokerage firm in China, we find strong evidence for the existence of a disposition effect of Chinese retail investors. Our empirical results suggest that investors exhibit a stronger disposition effect if they initially participate in the stock market in periods of lower market returns, lower investor sentiment, higher market volatility, or higher economic policy uncertainty (EPU). The evidence enhances our understanding of the role of investors' early experience in stock market decisions and the determinants of behavioural biases in investment decisions.     

On the Optimality of Portfolio Insurance

This paper examines the optimality of an insurance strategy in which an investor buys a risky asset and a put on that asset. The put's striking price serves as the insurance level. In complete markets, it is highly unlikely that an investor would utilize such a strategy. However, in some types of less complete markets, an investor may wish to purchase a put on the risky asset. Given only a risky asset, a put, and noncontinuous trading, an investor would purchase a put as a way of introducing a risk-free asset into the portfolio. If, in addition, there is a risk-free asset and the investor's utility function displays constant proportional risk-aversion, then the investor would buy the risk-free asset directly and not buy a put. In sum, only under the most incomplete markets would an investor find an insurance strategy optimal.     

Herd behaviour & investor sentiment: Evidence from UK mutual funds

The aims of this paper are to detect evidence of institutional investor herding behaviour and examine the role that investor sentiment plays in institutional investor herding behaviour. The herding behaviour is investigated by examining the dispersion of time varying beta of UK open-end and closed-end funds. The study finds evidence of fund managers' herding behaviour, which suggests they are likely to herd on market portfolio, size, and value factors. UK market-wide investor sentiment index is used for investigating the effects of investor sentiment on institutional herding behaviour. We find a unidirectional investor sentiment effect on the herding of UK mutual fund managers. We also reveal that the sentiment factors affecting UK open-end and closed-end fund managers herding behaviour are different due to the differences in fund structure.     

Selective Publicity and Stock Prices

I examine how media coverage of good and bad corporate news affects stock prices, by studying the effect of investor relations (IR) firms. I find that IR firms “spin” their clients' news, generating more media coverage of positive press releases than negative press releases. This spin increases announcement returns. Around earnings announcements, however, IR firms cannot spin the news and their clients' returns are significantly lower. This pattern is consistent with positive media coverage increasing investor expectations, creating disappointment around hard information. Using reporter connections and geographical links, I argue that IR firms causally affect both media coverage and returns.     

IPO Pricing in “Hot” Market Conditions: Who Leaves Money on the Table?

This paper explores the impact of investor sentiment on IPO pricing. Using a model in which the aftermarket price of IPO shares depends on the information about the intrinsic value of the company and investor sentiment, I show that IPOs can be overpriced and still exhibit positive initial return. A sample of recent French offerings with a fraction of the shares reserved for individual investors supports the predictions of the model. Individual investors' demand is positively related to market conditions. Moreover, large individual investors' demand leads to high IPO prices, large initial returns, and poor long‐run performance.