中国货币政策环境分析(英文)

文章讨论了在当前中国央行面临的货币政策环境,从多方面考察了货币政策环境,并在最后给出应当采取的政策建议。     

中国货币政策环境分析

文章讨论了在当前中国央行面临的货币政策环境,从多方面考察了货币政策环境,并在最后给出应当采取的政策建议.     

低通货膨胀与货币政策

持续15年的全球低通货膨胀,主要得益于各国成功的稳定化政策。低通货膨胀显示货币政策好处的同时,也给货币政策带来挑战。根据美日等国家的低通货膨胀经验,一个国家最好不要走向零利率的边缘,采取预防性的政策防止经济陷入通货紧缩至关重要。此外,需要正确认识货币政策的作用,货币政策长期的目标应该是为经济发展提供一个稳定的货币环境。美日国家预防低通货膨胀的经验对于中国宏观经济的平稳运行具有重要的借鉴意义。     

What measure of inflation should a developing country central bank target?

In closed or open economy models with complete markets, targeting core inflation enables monetary policy to maximize welfare by replicating the flexible price equilibrium. We analyze this result in the context of developing economies, where a large proportion of households are credit constrained and the share of food expenditures in total consumption expenditures is high. We develop an open economy model with incomplete financial markets to show that headline inflation targeting improves welfare outcomes. We also compute the optimal price index, which includes a positive weight on food prices but, unlike headline inflation, assigns zero weight to import prices.     

外汇占款的通货膨胀效应——基于1998-2005年的实证分析

近年来,我国外汇占款引起的内生性货币供给增加,导致国内物价水平不断走高。本文通过计量经济模型分析了外汇占款对我国通货膨胀的影响,并揭示了其内在传导机制。最后从汇率、货币政策两方面提出了相应的政策建议。     

中国开放经济下的财政和货币政策--规范和实证分析

本文在对IS -LM -BP模型公式化的基础上 ,推导出开放经济下的财政政策和货币政策乘数 ;并对近年来我国财政政策和货币政策对经济增长的贡献进行了实证分析。结论是 :IS -LM -BP模型的分析方法在我国目前是适用的 ;我国财政政策乘数大于货币政策乘数。利用其测算的结果较接近官方公布的数字。     

试论我国货币政策工具选用问题

政策工具是货币政策体系的重要因素之一。西方发达国家的货币政策工具选用体现出显著的特点。研究这些特点对于解决当前我国货币政策工具选用问题是极其必要的 ,货币政策工具的选用不但受到经济体制、经济金融发展状况等因素的影响 ,而且与一国的经济传统是分不开的。当前经济金融运行的特点决定了我国货币政策工具选用的特殊性。     

中国货币政策区域效应研究

本文以货币政策传导机制理论为基础,通过构建面板模型,对货币政策的区域效应进行定量分析,研究结果表明,中国货币政策存在明显的区域效应差异。从贷款投放对经济增长的刺激作用来看,中部、东北和东部地区省份的效果比较明显,而西部地区的效果较差。对于资本投入相对不足的西部地区,要加快实施西部大开发战略、调整区域经济结构、推动产业转移;对于资本积累充足的东部地区,要提高资本的边际产出率,提高经济效率。     

Inflation persistence: Alternative interpretations and policy implications

In this paper, I consider the policy implications of two alternative structural interpretations of observed inflation persistence, which correspond to two alternative specifications of the new Keynesian Phillips curve (NKPC). The first specification allows for some degree of intrinsic persistence by way of a lagged inflation term in the NKPC. The second is a purely forward-looking model, in which expectations farther into the future matter and coefficients are time-varying. In this specification, most of the observed inflation persistence is attributed to fluctuations in the underlying inflation trend, which are a consequence of monetary policy rather than a structural feature of the economy. With a simple quantitative exercise, I illustrate the consequences of implementing monetary policy, assuming a degree of intrinsic persistence that differs from the true one. The results suggest that the costs of implementing a stabilization policy when the policymaker overestimates the degree of intrinsic persistence are potentially higher than the costs of ignoring actual structural persistence; the result is more clear-cut when the policymaker minimizes a welfare-based loss function.     

Pursuing financial stability under an inflation-targeting regime

We evaluate two main views on pursuing financial stability within a flexible inflation-targeting regime. It appears that potential gains from an activist or precautionary approach to promoting financial stability are highly shock dependent. We find support for the conventional view that concern for financial stability generally warrants a longer target horizon for inflation. The preferred target horizon depends on the financial stability indicator and the shock. An extension of the target horizon favoring financial stability may contribute to relatively higher variation in inflation and output.      

1998—1999年美国货币政策及其对中国的启示

本文从美国经济的持续增长入手,主要探讨美联储审慎的货币政策在美国“新经济”中的作用。通过分析美联储在１９９８－１９９９年以利率为主线、以其他货币政策工具为补充的货币政策的实施过程,并具体剖析了其主要特点,最后对我国在货币政策的实施过程中就各种货币政策工具提出了一些建议。     

货币政策十大理论问题辨析

采取对比分析的研究方法,讨论了当前流行的有关货币政策10大理论问题,得出了有别于传统观点的新的结论:货币政策不等同于金融政策;存款准备金政策的真正价值不在于\"存在\"而在于\"实际应用\";货币政策与金融监管之间不是平行关系而是主从关系;货币政策4大目标之间不是并存关系而是继起关系等.在此基础上,结合中国实际提出了充分发挥货币政策结构性调控功能、财政政策与货币政策的组合搭配应审时度势、灵活运用的对策思路.     

On the Political Economy of Low Skilled Immigration and the Welfare State

This paper inquires into the collective decision making on both unemployment insurance and immigration. It is shown that low skill immigration typically increases the contribution rate to the unemployment insurance system. This can translate into higher benefits, the increase of the economy-wide unemployment rate nonwithstanding. The host country allows for immigration only if high skilled natives are sufficiently powerful. Furthermore, political rights of immigrants are restricted to a minimum.     

Taxation, Public Policy, and Dynamics of Unemployment

This paper provides an overview of the key issues relating to taxation, public policy and the dynamics of unemployment.It takes issue with the widely held view that generous social insurance schemes and the associated highpayroll taxes have been the major cause of the high unemployment rates which have persisted in Europe over thepast 15 years. It puts forward a framework for a theory of adjustment, based on the portfolio theory of the riskaverse firm and the efficiency wage theory of labor markets. This is used to explain why in the onset of a downturn,the hiring rate may lag the layoff rate, thus giving rise to rising unemployment rates. It is also shown to provideguidance as to policies which enhance the ability of firms to bear risks and which reduce costs of hiring and firing.The paper argues that while policies which increase severance or layoff costs may be well intended they mayactually serve to exacerbate the magnitude of employment fluctuations. Similarly, unemployment compensation,which is designed to ease the burden on those who are unemployed, may lead to higher levels of equilibriumunemployment. These programs can be restructured in ways which simultaneously ease the short-run burden ofthose thrown into unemployment, while reducing the adverse impact of these programs on the unemployment rate.     

货币政策传导过程中的金融体系研究

金融体系在货币政策传导过程中起“中介”作用,货币渠道过程是通过金融市场从货币政策冲击到市场零售利率的价格传导过程,信贷渠道是通过商业银行从中央银行到商业银行的数量传导过程。完善我国金融体系有利于提高货币政策传导效果,同时也是市场经济体制改革的要求,我国中央银行实施货币政策时应该考虑区域金融差异的客观事实。