国际保理商的法律风险及其防范

国际保理是国际贸易中的一种新的支付手段,是以国际贸易赊销方式提供的一种集销售账务管理、应收账款收取、信用风险担保与贸易资金融通为一体的综合性金融服务。本文主要探讨了保理商的风险及其防范措施,并提出了完善我国有关立法的建议。     

浅析审计风险的成因与防范

从审计发展的历史看,审计风险并不是与生俱来的,它是审计发展到一定阶段的产物,与特定的经济条件相联系.在计划经济体制下,审计人员往往按上级的意图行事,对审计人员构成损失的事实几乎不可能发生,也就谈不上有什么审计风险,因而无论理论上或者实践中都较少有人关注审计风险.     

注册会计师鉴定资产损失的潜在风险及其对策

清产核资工作政策性强,直接关系到国有资产的安全与完整.注册会计师参与清产核资,对公司申报的资产损失进行鉴定,对公司上报的清产核资材料进行审计,是一项事关国有资产的安全性和公司的微观利益高风险业务.了解并规避鉴定资产损失过程中的潜在风险,对注册会计师来说十分重要.     

On additivity of tail comonotonic risks

ABSTRACT

As perceived from daily experience together with numerous empirical studies, the multivariate risks demonstrate a strong coherence in the extremal dependence structure especially over the course of financial turmoil or industrial accidents and outbreaks. Under this motivating paradigm, we show the universal asymptotic additivity under upper tail comonotonicity, as the probability level approaching to 1, for Value-at-Risk and Conditional Tail Expectation for a portfolio of fixed number of risks, in which each marginal risk could be any one having a finite endpoint or belonging to one of the three max domains of attraction. Our obtained results do not require the tail equivalence assumption as needed in the existing literature. This resolves a lasting problem in quantitative risk management and covers most distributions commonly encountered in practice.     

On the necessity of five risk measures

The banking systems that deal with risk management depend on underlying risk measures. Following the Basel II accord, there are two separate methods by which banks may determine their capital requirement. The Value at Risk measure plays an important role in computing the capital for both approaches. In this paper we analyze the errors produced by using this measure. We discuss other measures, demonstrating their strengths and shortcomings. We give examples, showing the need for the information from multiple risk measures in order to determine a bank’s loss distribution. We conclude by suggesting a regulatory requirement of multiple risk measures being reported by banks, giving specific recommendations.     

On Haezendonck risk measures

We study the Haezendonck risk measure (introduced by [Haezendonck, J., Goovaerts, M., 1982. A new premium calculation principle based on Orlicz norms. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 1, 41–53] and by [Goovaerts, M.J., Kaas, R., Dhaene, J., Tang, Q., 2003. A unified approach to generate risk measures. ASTIN Bulletin 33 (2), 173–191; Goovaerts, M.J., Kaas, R., Dhaene, J., Tang, Q., 2004. Some new classes of consistent risk measures. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 34 (3), 505–516]) and prove its subadditivity. Since the Haezendonck risk measure is defined as an infimum of Orlicz premia, we investigate when the infimum is actually attained. We determine the corresponding generalized scenarios and show how its construction can be seen as a special case of the operation of inf-convolution of convex functionals.     

论教育信贷市场风险及其防范

教育行业是联系千家万户的基础性行业和“朝阳”行业 ,教育信贷市场是一个巨大的市场、一个前景广阔的市场、一个竞争激烈的市场、一个亟待深度开发的市场、一个效益显著的市场。同时也是蕴藏着大小各异的金融风险 ,且必须重点防范的风险市场。如何在教育领域既坚持一手抓市场营销 ,又坚持一手抓风险防范 ,已是农业银行亟待研究和解决的现实问题 ,这里结合农业银行湖北省分行的业务实践 ,谈谈我们的认识。一、农业银行湖北省分行教育信贷市场现状与特点分析到 2 0 0 4年 6月末 (下同 ) ,全省农行共与 1 0 0 %的“2 1 1”工程院校、部属院校 …     

尽管存在风险，企业依然在增加FTP的使用

新的调查报告显示,尽管FTP会带来数据安全隐患或遵从性惩罚,以及如近期安全事件中所示的固有潜在风险,但是FTP的使用量依然在上升。这样的情形不应再继续下去了。     

On fairness of systemic risk measures

Finance and Stochastics - In our previous paper “A unified approach to systemic risk measures via acceptance sets” (Mathematical Finance, 2018), we have introduced a general class of...     

论网上银行交易的风险与防范

本文从六个方面论述了商业银行网上银行在线交易的风险,分析了风险产生的原因和防范风险应该采取的对策和措施     

论企业内部控制的风险及趋同与个性

近年来系列财务舞弊和会计造假案件的爆发,严重冲击了资本市场的正常秩序。内部控制的缺陷是导致企业经营失败并最终铤而走险、欺骗投资者和社会公众的重要原因。为此,许多国家通过立法强化企业内部控制。2004年9月,美国COSO委员会发布了《企业风险管理:整合框架》,公司不仅可以借助这个企业风险管理框架来满足内部控制需要,还可以借此转向一个更加全面的风险管理过程。在整体制度安排上,我国企业内部控制体系是由一个基本规范与三个配套指引构成的,本文拟进一步探讨我国企业内部控制的风险构成及其国际趋同特点,由此阐述这样一种观点:进行内部控制制度设计时应考虑其权变性制度空间,应注意到内部控制制度存在经济学视角的一般性与管理学视角的个案性的均衡问题我们可以将该问题视为内部控制制度的趋同与个性的并存。     

On the pricing of intermediated risks: Theory and application to catastrophe reinsurance

We model the equilibrium price and quantity of risk transfer between firms and financial intermediaries. Value-maximizing firms have downward sloping demands to cede risk, while intermediaries, who assume risk, provide less-than-fully-elastic supply. We show that equilibrium required returns will be “high” in the presence of financing imperfections that make intermediary capital costly. Moreover, financing imperfections can give rise to intermediary market power, so that small changes in financial imperfections can give rise to large changes in price.     

International harmony measures of accounting policy: comparative statistical properties

Van der Tas's (1988) I index and the between-country C index introduced by Archer et al. (1995) are competing measures of international harmony. We present comparative statistical properties of these indices, via a simulation study covering three accounting methods in 10 countries, with uniform, bimodal and unimodal distributions of companies across accounting methods. The indices are also adjusted for non-disclosures using techniques developed by Archer and McLeay (1995) and Archer et al. (1995). The I index and the between-country C index are mathematically equivalent in the two-country case even in the presence of non-disclosures. As more countries are compared, the two indices diverge. The means and standard deviations of the I index, with a correction proposed by Archer and McLeay (1995), decrease and there is little skewness or kurtosis. In contrast, as more countries are compared, the between-country C index exhibits more stability in means, lower standard deviations, higher skewness and kurtosis. The between-country C index may be superior to the corrected I index because (i) between-country C index means approximate their ‘expected values’ (where all observations equal expected values) more closely than do corrected I index means: and (ii) between-country C index means are more stable than corrected I index means where the data come from stable distributions.     

论防范金融诈骗与降低银行业务经营风险

商业银行在经营中面临众多的风险 ,其中金融诈骗对银行正常业务经营造成的风险也不容忽视。本文简要介绍了金融诈骗的种类、分析了案件发生的原因 ,重点叙述了不法分子常用的诈骗手段和银行有效防范金融诈骗应采取的措施。     

Pricing the risks of default

This paper decomposes default risk into timing and recovery risks. The two default components are explicitly priced as if they were traded in the futures market. We develop estimation strategies evaluating recovery risks and then construct implicit prices of contingent securities reflecting purely the timing risk. The models are estimated on monthly data for rates on certificates of deposit offered by institutions in the Savings and Loan Industry, during the 1987–1991 period. Empirical results support market expectations of lower likelihoods of default after 1989.     

Utilizing NT-proBNP in the selection of risks for life insurance

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a counter-regulatory hormone produced mainly by ventricular myocardium. Early research studies were performed to ascertain its value in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure in acute care settings. Subsequent studies have explored its utility in screening for asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in the community, determining prognosis in coronary artery disease, appropriate timing of surgery in valve disorders, and in evaluating many other cardiac diseases. This review summarizes the current status of medical literature, introduces a new test to the insurance industry.     

化解第三方风险

普华永道《2010年全球信息安全状况调查》显示,超过60％的中国受访者认为,在全球经济放缓的背景下．自己的企业正在面临着更多来自于第三方的安全风险。当企业的发展越来越依赖于商业伙伴的合作与共享,当信息化已经成为企业提升竞争力的必由之路,CFO该如何有效地管理信息系统并规避相关风险？     

论道德风险与农业发展银行可持续发展

文章探讨道德风险对农业发展银行可持续发展形成的制约及其防范对策