证券投资基金经理投资能力的评价

基金评价主要考察的是基金所管理资产的经营情况,一般应包括投资收益、投资风险和基金经理的投资能力三方面内容。投资收益衡量的是资产的保值和增值情况;投资风险衡量的是投资收益的波动情况;而能否在承担最小风险的基础上获得最大的投资收益则是由基金经理的投资能力决定的,基金经理投资能力是基金绩效的决定因素,基金业绩的好坏与基金经理水平高下有直接关系,同时基金经理的投资理念和投资策略还会影响到基金的投资风格。所以说,基金经理投资能力代表了基金的业绩水平,选择基金也就是选择基金经理,当然我们这里所说的基金经理是个宽泛的概念,是指管理基金的整个决策团体。事实上,即使是个体的基金经理对所管理基金的影响也是非常巨大的,优秀的基金经理通常是投资者选择该只基金的重要原因,而基金经理的更换也会导致基金投资者的相应变化。一、证券投资基金经理的投资能力对证券投资基金在一个投资行为周期而言,证券投资基金经理投资能力主要包括以下几方面1.收益-风险搭配能力。也就是所谓的分散化程度。分散化程度既是证券投资基金管理人在进行证券选择和时机选择时要考虑的因素之一,又是两种选择直接造成的结果,它反映了证券投资基金因承担可分散风险而获得的相应收益(损失)。...     

基金选择中存在的九大误区（二）

误区5：崇拜明星基金经理．只购买明星基金经理管理的基金分析：基金业绩的好坏与基金经理的投资风格和能力固然是密不可分的,但是基金的投资不仅仅是基金经理一个人决定的,与其背后的投研团队也是密不可分的,时下,很多基金管理公司都推行明星投研团队而不是明星基金经理。所以,基金业绩的好坏不仅与基金经理有关,与基金公司和基金经理背后的团队关系也很大。     

基金业绩如何影响风格漂移和经理离职?——理论与经验分析

本文通过一个两期模型,刻画了基金业绩如何通过影响市场信念,进而影响基金风格漂移和基金公司的解雇行为。若上期基金业绩很好,基金经理就会在乐观的自我能力预期下,完全按照自己的判断选择基金投资风格;若上期业绩一般,基金经理会因为调整成本而不太愿意切换投资风格;而若上期业绩很差导致自我能力预期悲观,基金经理就宁愿模仿上期绩优基金的投资风格。综合起来,基金风格漂移将随上期基金业绩呈现出显著的U型关系。进一步,因为业绩很差的基金经理会采取模仿策略,因此在市场风格发生切换时更有可能发生基金经理解雇事件。此外,本文基于中国开放式基金的季度数据,检验了风格漂移与滞后一期基金业绩之间的关系,经验证据稳健地支持了理论分析的各种结论。     

基金业绩如何影响风格漂移和经理离职?——理论与经验分析

本文通过一个两期模型,刻画了基金业绩如何通过影响市场信念,进而影响基金风格漂移和基金公司的解雇行为。若上期基金业绩很好,基金经理就会在乐观的自我能力预期下,完全按照自己的判断选择基金投资风格;若上期业绩一般,基金经理会因为调整成本而不太愿意切换投资风格;而若上期业绩很差导致自我能力预期悲观,基金经理就宁愿模仿上期绩优基金的投资风格。综合起来,基金风格漂移将随上期基金业绩呈现出显著的U型关系。进一步,因为业绩很差的基金经理会采取模仿策略,因此在市场风格发生切换时更有可能发生基金经理解雇事件。此外,本文基于中国开放式基金的季度数据,检验了风格漂移与滞后一期基金业绩之间的关系,经验证据稳健地支持了理论分析的各种结论。     

基金选择中存在的九大误区(二)

<正>误区5:崇拜明星基金经理,只购买明星基金经理管理的基金分析:基金业绩的好坏与基金经理的投资风格和能力然是密不可分的,但是基金的投资不仅仅是基金经理一个人决定的,与其背后的投研团队也是密不可分的,时下,很多     

锦标制度、基金经理短视投资与股票市场波动

基金经理的短视行为不仅不能起到稳定市场的作用,甚至还是引发市场不稳定风险的因素之一。本文首先分析了基金经理短视行为的成因;在此基础上,通过实证检验分别分析了外部市场环境和锦标制度对业绩较好和业绩较差的基金经理短视程度的不同影响。本文研究发现,锦标制度对所有基金经理的短视程度均有不同程度的显著影响。业绩较好和业绩较差的基金经理的短视行为对于外部市场变化的敏感度存在"错位效应":牛市环境下业绩较差的基金经理的短视程度较熊市时更严重,业绩较差的基金经理的短视程度对于外界环境的变动也更为敏感;而业绩较好的基金经理的短视程度受经济下行周期的影响更显著,受锦标制度的影响弱于业绩较差的基金经理。最后,本文对改变基金经理短视情况提出了建议。     

相对业绩差距评估对基金经理风险承担的激励研究

基金经理在选择投资组合风险时,不仅会考虑基金的业绩排名,同时会考虑基金业绩之间的差距,由此提出了业绩差距排名,并提出了新的实证方法,即线性回归的方法来研究业绩差距排名对基金经理风险承担的影响,同时验证了BHS结论在中国基金市场中的适用性。结果表明BHS结论在中国基金市场中是不成立的,同时表明在中国基金市场中基金经理具有相对业绩排名目标,但此相对业绩排名是本文中所提出的业绩差距排名,此结论可以为监管部门规范基金投资行为以及为投资者选择基金提供参考。     

路遥知马力 日久见业绩

国内公募基金的基金经理离职率偏高有目共睹,从业较早的一批基金经理能坚持到现在的已不多,管理一只基金超过5年的基金经理在国内实属凤毛麟角.随着公募基金的业绩历史逐渐增加,长期业绩更能见证一名基金经理的持续性、投资管理能力及对这个行业的热爱和坚守.     

基金经理个人特征对基金绩效的影响及其机理研究

本文引入反映基金经理行为因素的投资风格变量,探讨基金经理个人特征对基金绩效的影响,并分别对牛市和熊市两种不同行情下基金经理个人特征及投资风格与基金绩效之间的相关关系进行分析.在此基础上,将基金极端业绩分布引入模型,对研究进行拓展.研究结果表明:基金经理的性别、学历背景等个人特征能够显著地影响投资风格,而这些个人特征对基金绩效的影响主要通过换手率、持股集中度、行业集中度等投资风格变量来传递;在牛市和熊市两种不同行情下,基金经理个人特征及投资风格对基金绩效和极端业绩分布的影响存在差异.     

三大指标优选基金管理人

对于大多数投资者来说,往往都是通过查看基金的投资收益来判断谁是好的基金经理.当然,相对于分析基金经理的简历、组合持仓、或者阅读基金经理对基金业绩表现的解释以及对下一阶段的市场预判和投资计划来说,比较基金收益显得更为简单和便于理解.     

Does Stock Return Momentum Explain the “Smart Money” Effect?

Does the “smart money” effect documented by Gruber (1996) and Zheng (1999) reflect fund selection ability of mutual fund investors? We examine the finding that investors are able to predict mutual fund performance and invest accordingly. We show that the smart money effect is explained by the stock return momentum phenomenon documented by Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) . Further evidence suggests investors do not select funds based on a momentum investing style, but rather simply chase funds that were recent winners. Our finding that a common factor in stock returns explains the smart money effect offers no affirmation of investor fund selection ability.     

Should I stay,or should I go? – How fund dynamics influence venture capital exit decisions

We investigate the determinants of venture capital (VC) exit behavior after the lockup expiry in initial public offerings (IPOs) by considering insights from prospect theory and behavioral finance for the first time. Hereby, the paper concentrates on the under-researched relationship between fund managers and the limited partners investing in these funds. The results from a proprietary dataset of 292 U.S. VC-backed IPOs from 1991 to 2008 imply that VC firm characteristics and fund dynamics have a significant influence on the exit extent after the lockup expiry and may not always be in line with limited partners' interests, hinting at the relevance of behavior grounded in prospect theory. In particular, first-time funds keep their shares longer after an IPO, whereas funds satisfied with current fund performance cash out soon after the end of the lockup period.     

我国开放式基金绩效及选股和择时能力研究

近年来,开放式基金逐渐成为我国基金市场的绝对主体。开放式基金能否取得较好的绩效受到市场的普遍关注。本文选取了资金管理规模前20位的公司,并从中随机挑选1只基金,运用詹森指数、特雷诺比率、夏普指数和信息比率等单因素模型和Fama-French三因素模型对开放式基金的绩效进行分析,并使用T-M模型、H-M模型、C-L模型对基金经理人股票选股与择时能力进行分析。结果发现:第一,我国开放式基金经理的选股能力存在时变性,在上升期具备选股能力,在下跌期不具备选股能力,而无论是在上升期还是下跌期,基金经理普遍不具备择时能力。第二,在市场上升期基金经理比较注意对风险的把控,系统性风险较小,而在下跌期基金投资组合的系统性风险明显上升,基金经理冒险意愿上升,当市场出现大幅度下跌时,其不理性行为会加剧市场的波动。本文的研究结论有利于提升投资者的风险意识和理性意识、促进外部监管部门的精准监管审查,并能够激励基金经理人提高自身风险管控的能力。     

Coskewness timing ability in the mutual fund industry

The ability of mutual fund managers to time coskewness successfully can help them manage their portfolio’s exposure to potential losses and improve their fund’s performance. This study assesses whether mutual fund managers are able to manage the market exposure of their investment portfolios given a change in coskewness. We demonstrate that fund managers investing in Small Blend and Small Growth stocks possess the ability to time coskewness. On average, the fund managers of these two investment objectives increase the market exposures of their portfolios about 2.749 % and 1.340 %, respectively, based on their anticipations on future coskewness. Superiority is driven from the fact that the fund managers in small capitalization stocks are successfully able to manage the tail risk of their funds’ portfolios. The fund-by-fund results confirm that the number of individual funds succeeding in timing market skewness of the Small Blend and Small Growth investment objectives is larger than the remaining types. The main findings are robust when controlling for other types of timing ability, the periods of financial turbulence, and the construction of coskewness.     

Costly Search and Mutual Fund Flows

This paper studies the flows of funds into and out of equity mutual funds. Consumers base their fund purchase decisions on prior performance information, but do so asymmetrically, investing disproportionately more in funds that performed very well the prior period. Search costs seem to be an important determinant of fund flows. High performance appears to be most salient for funds that exert higher marketing effort, as measured by higher fees. Flows are directly related to the size of the fund's complex as well as the current media attention received by the fund, which lower consumers' search costs.     

Risk-taking and performance of government bond mutual funds

This paper investigates the risk exposures of government bond mutual funds and how risk-taking behavior affects fund performance. Government bond mutual funds often outperform their respective benchmark bond indexes before but not after adjusting for bond market risk factors. We show that the risk-taking behavior of fund managers helps to explain the different performances of government bond funds with and without controlling for the risk factors. Our results suggest that risk-taking leads to higher returns relative to benchmarks in normal risk periods but lower returns in high risk periods, suggesting that fund managers consistently take risky bets in fund management. We further show that the risk-taking of government bond funds is persistent and that investors typically have no ability to differentiate between the skill and risk components of fund performance. These findings suggest why fund managers have incentives to take consistently risky positions.     

Dissecting hedge funds' strategies

This paper dissects the dynamics of the hedge fund industry with four financial markets, including the equity market, commodities, currencies, and debt market by employing a large number of assets from these markets. We employ four main representative hedge fund strategy indices, and a cap-weighted global index to estimate an asymmetric dynamic conditional correlation (ADCC) GJR-GARCH model using daily data from April 2003 to May 2021. We break down the performance, riskiness, investing style, volatility, dynamic correlations, and shock transmissions of each hedge fund strategy thoroughly. Further, the impact of commodity futures basis on hedge funds' return is analyzed. Comparing the dynamic correlations during the 2008 global financial crisis (GFC) with COVID-19 pandemic reveals changing patterns in hedge funds' investing styles. There are strong and pervasive shock spillovers from hedge fund industry to other financial markets, especially to futures commodities. An increase in the futures basis of several commodities drives up hedge funds' performance. While hedge fund industry underperforms compared to equity market and commodities, the risk-reward measures show that hedge funds are superior to other markets, and safer than the bond market.     

Alpha and Persistence in Real Estate Fund Performance

This paper investigates whether fund managers investing in the direct real estate market can systematically and persistently deliver superior risk-adjusted returns. The research that has been published has typically focused on the performance of managers trading public real estate securities. Our study draws on a unique data set of commercial real estate funds collated by the Investment Property Databank (IPD) in the United Kingdom, covering up to 280 funds over the period 1981 to 2006. The widespread finding is that very few managers appear to be able to generate excess risk-adjusted returns. Furthermore, there is little evidence of performance persistence in either fund returns or risk-adjusted fund returns.     

European Mutual Fund Performance

This paper presents an overview of the European mutual fund industry and investigates mutual fund performance using a survivorship bias controlled sample of 506 funds from the five most important mutual fund countries. The latter is done using the Carhart (1997) 4-factor asset-pricing model. In addition we investigate whether European fund managers exhibit 'hot hands', persistence in performance. Finally the influence of fund characteristics on risk-adjusted performance is considered. Our overall results suggest that European mutual funds, and especially small cap funds are able to add value, as indicated by their positive after cost alphas. If we add back management fees, four out of five countries exhibit significant out-performance at an aggregate level. Finally, we detect strong persistence in mean returns for funds investing in the UK. Our results deviate from most US studies that argue mutual funds under-perform the market by the amount of expenses they charge.     

Fund ESG performance and downside risk: Evidence from China

Whether responsible investing reduces portfolio risk remains open to discussion. We study the relationship between ESG performance and downside risk at fund level in the Chinese equity mutual fund market. We find that fund ESG performance is positively associated with fund downside risk during the period between July 2018 and March 2021, and that the positive relationship weakens during the COVID-19 pandemic. We propose three channels through which fund ESG performance could affect fund downside risk: (i) the firm channel in which the risk-mitigation effect of portfolio firms’ good ESG practices could be manifested at fund level, (ii) the diversification channel in which the portfolio concentration of high ESG-rated funds could amplify fund downside risk, and (iii) the flow channel in which funds’ better ESG performance may attract greater investor flows that could reduce fund downside risk. We show evidence that the observed time-varying relationship between fund ESG performance and downside risk is driven by the relative force of the three channels.