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1.
英美两国都是世界上发达的市场经济国家,经济的市场化和现代化,促进了其会计理论和实务的丰富与发展.面对新经济制度,会计职业判断愈来愈为西方国家会计理论界和实务界人士所关注,特别是近年来,美国发生的一系列财务舞弊案,促使美国会计模式发生转变,也触及到会计职业判断的变革.  相似文献   

2.
美国会计报表舞弊案对我国CPA行业的教训和启示   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
正如米歇尔·R.杨在其《会计违法与财务舞弊:一项公司治理指南》中写的:“财务报表舞弊始于压力。”只要压力存在,报表舞弊就有其滋生的土壤。随着“琼民源”、“银广厦”等舞弊案的揭露,我国公众对上市公司舞弊深恶痛绝。但是,这并非我国的独有现象,在美国这个证券监管相当完备的国家,依然存在虚报利润、虚构资产等情况。本文撷取美国几个著名报表舞弊案,希望能够对我国CPA行业的健康发展提供前车之鉴。一、从美国著名会计报表舞弊案看报表舞弊的主要表现形式1.截期舞弊。截期舞弊,即利用时间性差异实现利润虚增。为了抬高股价…  相似文献   

3.
近年来,美国资本市场出现了一系列财务丑闻,中国资本市场上也相继出现了“郑百文”、“猴王”、“德隆”等严重的财务舞弊案。剖析上述事件,我们不难发现财务控侧体系不同程度的失效是导致上述事件发生的重要原因。本文通过对公司治理结构与现代企业财务控制之间的关系研究,  相似文献   

4.
随着美国安然财务丑闻国内银广夏财务舞弊案的不断曝光,对独立审计质量抱有极大的置疑.美国于2002年出台了著名的《萨班斯——奥克斯莱法案》,自此之后,国内外就“审计任期和审计质量”的关系研究逐渐增多,但是至今并没有形成比较一致的观点.本文对审计任期与审计质量的关系从正相关、负相关以及我国学者的研究三方面进行梳理.  相似文献   

5.
从主板上的银广夏财务舞弊案,到中小板上的绿大地案,再到创业板上的万福生科,由此看出财务舞弊在证券市场上处处可见。因此,有人甚至认为这只是一小部分被发现的财务舞弊案,大量有待揭露,确保资本市场的有效性。本文首先回顾了万福生科财务舞弊事件,并从财务舞弊原因方面深入研究,探讨了舞弊的手段,提出规避上市公司财务舞弊的措施。  相似文献   

6.
黄多 《时代金融》2013,(21):324
继银广夏、绿大地财务舞弊案之后,顶着"稻米精深加工第一股"光环的万福生科承认财务造假,成为创业板造假第一股,引起投资者和监管者关注。本文通过对万福生科财务造假过程和手段的分析,对防范上市公司财务舞弊,加强监管提出政策建议。  相似文献   

7.
论高质量会计准则   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
自1997年9月美国证券交易委员会(SEC)前主席Arthur Levitt发表了题为“高质量会计准则的重要性”的演讲之后,这一问题引起了美国会计界和证券监管部门的高度关注。随后在1997年12月由美国会计学会(AAA)及财务会计准则委员会(FASB)共同举行的年度财务报告研讨会上,又着重以高质量会计准则为主题展开了激烈的讨论。① 随着美国安然、世通等一系列财务舞弊案的爆发,人们深刻反思美国财务报告制度的缺陷,特别是引发了高质量会计准则的制定模式由规则导向(rule-based)走向原则导向(principle-based)。目前我国已加入WTO,贸易及资本流动的自…  相似文献   

8.
随着时代的发展,财务报表舞弊问题也越发严重,特别是上市公司的财务报表舞弊问题,已经引起社会的高度关注.在美国,经济界认为财务舞弊者造成的危害比恐怖分子还严重.在我国,财务舞弊案不仅会损害债权人、投资者的合法利益,同时也会给国民经济秩序带来巨大伤害.本文尝试分析上市公司财务报表舞弊及其审计对策,意在起到抛砖引玉之用.  相似文献   

9.
2012年震惊中国的万福生科财务舞弊事件引发业界对中国财务监管制度的思考,上市公司基于自身经济利益考量,操纵利润并虚构财务报表,致使证券市场财务舞弊案频发.这起财务造假事件的背后也曝露出财务人员职业道德下滑等问题,业界也一直呼唤重塑财务人员职业道德体系,完善财务监管和内部控制体系.  相似文献   

10.
近几年来,资本市场中会计信息失真现象普遍,财务丑闻不断发生,就连自诩资本市场十分完善的美国也发生了诸如安然、世通等会计造假案件。如何加强会计监管,提高会计信息质量成了理论界和实务界所关注的热点。本文拟就如何加强会计监管提出几点思考。  相似文献   

11.
Corporate financial fraud harms the interests of investors and affects the healthy development of the capital market. Understanding corporate financial fraud has important academic value and practical significance. Digital finance been rapidly developing over the past few years and scholars are investigating strategies for using digital finance as a tool to curb corporate financial fraud. This paper empirically examines the direct effect, intrinsic mechanism, and heterogeneous effect of digital finance on corporate financial fraud based on panel data of A-share listed corporations in China from 2011 to 2020. Results show that digital finance significantly inhibits corporate financial fraud. The breadth of coverage and depth of usage within digital finance show inhibitory effects on corporate financial fraud. This suggests that a combination of coverage and depth is needed to improve the success of digital finance on corporate financial fraud. The internal mechanisms suggest that digital finance inhibits corporate financial fraud by alleviating financing constraints, reducing corporate leverage, and decreasing agency costs. The heterogeneity analysis shows digital finance has a greater inhibitory effect for large-scale corporates, state-owned corporates, and corporates in areas with low degree of marketization. Our findings can provide reference for financial institutions, investors, analysts, and regulators to improve the quality of decision-making.  相似文献   

12.
During the recent financial crisis, U.S. bankruptcy courts and debt restructuring practitioners were faced with the largest wave of corporate defaults and bankruptcies in history. In 2008 and 2009, $1.8 trillion worth of public company assets entered Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection—almost 20 times the amount during the prior two years. And the portfolio companies of U.S. private equity firms faced a towering wall of debt that, many observers predicted, was about to wipe out most of the industry. But far from the death of private equity or a severe contraction of corporate America, the past three years have seen an astonishingly rapid working off of U.S. corporate debt overhang, allowing corporate profits and values to rebound with remarkable speed and vigor. And as the author of this article argues, corporate America's recovery from the recent financial crisis provides a clear demonstration of the importance of U.S. bankruptcy laws and restructuring practices in maintaining the competitiveness of U.S. companies and the long‐run growth of the U.S. economy.  相似文献   

13.
Using a sample of listed Chinese companies during 2010–2019, we examine whether corporate renaming is associated with fraudulent financial reporting. We find that companies that change their corporate names without making underlying changes to business fundamentals are more likely to commit financial reporting fraud. The positive association between corporate renaming and financial reporting fraud is more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises and companies with a lower ownership concentration. There is further evidence that corporate renaming is more likely to be associated with disclosure-related fraud (e.g., failure to disclose or delayed disclosure) and that the likelihood of fraudulent behavior increases with the frequency of corporate renaming. Overall, the findings of this study provide evidence of a new red flag for regulators and investors investigating financial fraud. This study is timely and has policy implications for market regulators hoping to establish and improve emerging capital markets in which the information environment is generally considered weak and opaque.  相似文献   

14.
There are competing arguments and mixed prior evidence on whether firms that are aggressive in their financial reporting exhibit more or less tax aggressiveness. Our research contributes to resolving this issue by examining the association between aggressive tax reporting and the incidence of alleged accounting fraud. Relying on several proxies for tax aggressiveness to triangulate our evidence, we generally find that tax aggressive U.S. public firms are less likely to commit accounting fraud. However, we caution that our results are sensitive to how tax aggressiveness is measured. More specifically, four (two) of the five (three) proxies for firms’ effective tax rates (book‐tax differences) load positively (negatively) during the 1981–2001 period, implying that fraud firms are less tax aggressiveness. Our inferences persist when we isolate the 1995–2001 period in which accounting impropriety steeply rose and corporate tax compliance steeply fell. Moreover, we continue to find that tax aggressive firms are less apt to fraudulently manipulate their financial statements when we apply factor analysis to identify tax avoidance with a common factor extracted from the underlying proxies and match on propensity scores to ensure that the fraud and nonfraud samples have very similar nontax characteristics.  相似文献   

15.
This study investigates the role of gender diversity in fraud commission and detection with a view to identifying whether companies with more female corporate leaders are less likely to be involved in financial statement fraud. Using a bivariate probit model, the role of female corporate leaders in financial statement fraud commission and detection is examined for Chinese listed companies from 2007 to 2018. The representation of female corporate leaders increases the likelihood of fraud detection, thus reducing firms’ propensity to engage in fraud. The finding confirms that women are risk averse and more committed to ethical practices than men in corporate leadership positions. Moreover, this impact of gender diversity is contingent upon the nature of ultimate controllers of listed companies: more female representation in top leadership roles can mitigate fraud commission or detect fraud effectively in non-state-owned enterprises, but not in state-owned enterprises. In addition, the recent anti-corruption campaign initiated by Chinese President Jinping Xi is a powerful form of public governance. Female corporate leaders play a more positive role in mitigating fraud commission and detecting fraud commission in the post-campaign period than in the pre-campaign period.  相似文献   

16.
SEC Commissioner Robert Jackson comments on three major issues the Commission has been investigating: (1) the concentration of ownership among American stock exchanges; (2) the extent of common ownership of, and potential for undue influence over, U.S. corporations by large institutional shareholders; and (3) the role of corporate boards in promoting and protecting stakeholder interests as well as shareholder interests. In the first of the three areas, Jackson argues that the ownership of 12 of the 13 U.S. stock exchanges by just three financial conglomerates suggests a competitiveness problem— one that, despite the significant reductions in trading costs during the last 15 years, should receive further investigation. To the concerns raised by the common and increasingly concentrated ownership of U.S. public companies by institutional shareholders, the Commissioner's main response is to note that whatever culpability corporate America is forced to assume for our large and growing environmental and social problems must be shared with the largest U.S. institutional shareholders, whose collective resources and influence confer a responsibility to help guide companies when responding to such problems. Finally, on the issue of stakeholder theory and ESG, Jackson insists that asking corporate boards to put the interests of all stakeholders on a par with their shareholders’ when making strategic business decisions would be a mistake. Besides creating a major accountability problem, the adoption of stakeholder theory in place of “the clear, single‐minded objective function of increasing long‐run shareholder value” would deprive boards of their principal guide “when making the difficult tradeoffs among stakeholders that effective oversight and management of public companies require.”  相似文献   

17.
This paper investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on corporate financial fraud in China. We find that CSR scores are negatively associated with fraudulent financial activities, suggesting that CSR firms are less likely to engage in financial fraud. The results also indicate that the negative relation is more significant for CSR performance than CSR disclosure. Additionally, we demonstrate that the negative effect of CSR is more pronounced for firms with voluntary CSR practices, continuous CSR engagements, financial pressure and internal control weaknesses. Overall, we find that CSR is an ethical behaviour that reduces financial misconduct.  相似文献   

18.
李从刚  许荣 《金融研究》2020,480(6):188-206
公司治理机制被认为是影响公司违规的重要因素,然而董事高管责任保险作为一种重要的外部治理机制,是否会影响公司违规尚未得到充分研究。本文研究发现董事高管责任保险显著降低公司违规概率,符合监督效应假说。经工具变量法、Heckman两阶段模型和倾向得分匹配法稳健性检验,上述结论依然成立。影响机制分析表明,董事高管责任保险显著降低了公司违规倾向,显著增加了违规后被稽查的概率,并降低了上市公司的第一类代理成本。对董事高管责任保险的监督职能做进一步分析发现:(1)董事高管责任保险对上市公司经营违规和领导人违规的监督效应更为显著,但对信息披露违规的治理作用并不显著;(2)董事高管责任保险发挥的监督职能与股权属性和保险机构股东治理存在替代效应,与外部审计师治理和董事长CEO二职分离存在互补效应;(3)分组检验结果表明,董事高管责任保险对公司违规的监督效应在外部监管环境较差或者公司内部信息透明度较高的情况下更加显著。本文既提供了保险合约通过公司治理渠道影响公司违规的证据,同时也表明保险机构通过董事高管责任保险为中国资本市场提供了一种较为有效的公司外部治理机制。  相似文献   

19.
This study investigates the relationship between corporate fraud and four typical components of costs associated with corporate bonds. Based on data from a booming corporate bond market in China, we confirm that fraudulent issuers have higher corporate bond costs. Specifically, they are more likely to push upward price revisions, pay higher issue fees and coupon spreads, and encounter larger underpricing after issuance. Moreover, we demonstrate that severe corporate fraud is also significantly related to the costs of corporate bonds. Furthermore, we find that investors pay more attention to fraud in accounting information and disclosure. These results remain robust to a strand of endogeneity and through the robustness tests. In additional research, we find that bonds issued by fraudulent firms tend to receive lower ratings and show inferior performance after issuance. We also demonstrate that the effects of corporate fraud on bond costs erode as time passes, although the mitigation speed is slow. Finally, we find that hiring reputable financial intermediaries can partially mitigate the negative effects of corporate fraud.  相似文献   

20.
In a study published recently in the Journal of Financial Economics, the authors of this article documented a substantial increase in the use of debt financing by U.S. companies over the past century. From 1920 until the mid‐1940s, the aggregate leverage of unregulated U.S. companies was low and stable, with the average debt‐to‐capital ratio staying within the narrow range of 10% to 15%. But during the next 25 years, the use of debt by U.S. companies more than doubled, rising to 35% of total capital. And since 1970, aggregate leverage has remained above 35%, peaking at 47% in 1992. Moreover, this pattern has been observed in companies of all sizes and operating in all unregulated sectors. Changes in the characteristics of U.S. public companies during this period provide little help in explaining the increase in corporate leverage. For example, the displacement of tangible by intangible assets in many sectors of the U.S. economy during the past 50 years would have led most economists to predict, holding all other things equal, a reduction rather than an increase in aggregate corporate leverage. Instead, according to the authors' findings, the main contributors to the increases in U.S. corporate leverage since the 1940s have been external changes, including increases in corporate income tax rates, the development of financial markets and intermediaries, and the reduction in government borrowing in the decades following World War II. The authors' analysis also identifies these last two changes—the development of financial markets, including the rise of institutional investors and shareholder activism, and the post‐War reduction in government debt—as having played the biggest roles in the leveraging of corporate America.  相似文献   

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