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1.
购买再保险是保险公司进行风险管理和风险控制的重要手段,其中确定最优分保额度是保险公司确定再保险的核心。本文通过建立最优再保保费——自留风险优化模型,研究了保险公司最优止损再保险策略问题,借助共单调理论得到了最优自留风险额度应该满足的方程以及该方程模拟求解的步骤,并选取了2002年至2014年人保财险公司的历史数据进行实证研究。通过实证研究发现,当置信水平为5%时测算得到的分出比例为3815%,当置信水平为10%时测算得到的分出比例为3635%;具体到不同业务线,货物运输险的分出比例最高,责任险和企业财产险的分出比例次之,机动车辆险的分出比例最低。  相似文献   

2.
随着人身保险业务的不断发展,寿险公司面临非正常死亡风险、长寿风险、利差风险和特别承保风险.人身险再保险是寿险公司转移风险、防止责任累积过大的风险管理工具之一,主要分为比例再保险、非比例再保险和财务再保险三种类型.寿险公司应通过科学确定自留额、选择合适的分保方式、谨慎采用财务再保险来安排人身险分保.  相似文献   

3.
再保险信用证的特点 再保险,又称分保,是保险公司为了转嫁超过自己承保能力的业务风险或保障自己财务状况的稳定而将自己承保的保险业务通过分保协议的方式将其部分业务分给其他保险公司或再保险公司的保险业务安排。  相似文献   

4.
根据我国在入世谈判中对开放再保险市场的承诺,目前中外直接保险公司向中国再保险公司进行的20%的法定分保在入世4年内将完全取消.可见,在WTO的挑战来临时,再保险可谓首当其冲.  相似文献   

5.
文章将经典风险模型推广到具有超额损失—比例混合分保情形下的破产模型。在个体索赔额服从指数分布情形下,得到了原保险人破产概率的渐进表达式及调节系数。同时,分析了评价原保险公司通过再保险分散经营风险效果的度量。  相似文献   

6.
赵仁建  徐玉柱 《云南金融》2012,(4X):245-245
文章通过最优化保险人的风险调整资本收益率,得到最优的再保险策略。分析成数再保险时,得到结论为:风险全部自留可以使保险人的风险调整资本收益率最大化;分析停止损失再保险时,得到的结论为:存在一个最优的自留额使得保险人的风险调整资本收益率最大。  相似文献   

7.
文章通过最优化保险人的风险调整资本收益率,得到最优的再保险策略。分析成数再保险时,得到结论为:风险全部自留可以使保险人的风险调整资本收益率最大化;分析停止损失再保险时,得到的结论为:存在一个最优的自留额使得保险人的风险调整资本收益率最大。  相似文献   

8.
徐爱荣 《上海保险》2005,(3):45-46,32
一、引言随着社会经济和科学技术的不断发展,在社会财富日益增长的同时,财产价值趋于集中, 使保险人承担的责任越来越大, 也使保险经营所面临的风险不断增大。为了分散风险,均衡业务,稳定经营,保险人需要将超过自身业务承受能力的一部分保险责任转嫁给其他保险人来分担,这就需要利用再保险。但要充分发挥再保险的积极作用, 就必须选择最优的分保方式,确定合理的自留额,准确地厘定费率和提取准备金,而这些都依赖于再保险精算技术的应用。  相似文献   

9.
侯爽 《中国外汇》2021,(3):70-72
国内保险公司需要考量在我国"偿二代"监管体系下,如何依法运用备用信用证等担保方式,以境外再保险人的担保冲抵自身信用风险的最低资本金,以增加资本的流动性及利用效率。再保险主要是指保险人通过分保将承保的部分保险业务转移至他人的行为。在此过程中,分出承保风险责任的一方为原保险人,分入该部分承保风险责任的一方为再保险人。  相似文献   

10.
再保险也称分保,是指保险人将自己承担的风险责任一部分或全部向其他保险人进行投保的行为。[1]作为保险公司分散和限制业务风险的重要措施,从其产生到发展,经历了保险人共保、临时再保险、固定再保险、专业再保险的历程。从宏观上讲,再保险的发展体现了社会经济生活的变迁;从微观上看,保险公司再保险的选择的内外影响因素中,则包含了诸多的影响因素。本文就从影响保险公司再保险的因素着手,从保险公司内部因素和外部因素两个大的方面对于影响我国保险公司再保险的因素进行分析。  相似文献   

11.
We study an optimal investment–reinsurance problem for an insurer who faces dynamic risk constraint in a Markovian regime-switching environment. The goal of the insurer is to maximize the expected utility of terminal wealth. Here the dynamic risk constraint is described by the maximal conditional Value at Risk over different economic states. The rationale is to provide a prudent investment–reinsurance strategy by taking into account the worst case scenario over different economic states. Using the dynamic programming approach, we obtain an analytical solution of the problem when the insurance business is modeled by either the classical Cramer–Lundberg model or its diffusion approximation. We document some important qualitative behaviors of the optimal investment–reinsurance strategies and investigate the impacts of switching regimes and risk constraint on the optimal strategies.  相似文献   

12.
This paper studies an optimal insurance and reinsurance design problem among three agents: policyholder, insurer, and reinsurer. We assume that the preferences of the parties are given by distortion risk measures, which are equivalent to dual utilities. By maximizing the dual utility of the insurer and jointly solving the optimal insurance and reinsurance contracts, it is found that a layering insurance is optimal, with every layer being borne by one of the three agents. We also show that reinsurance encourages more insurance, and is welfare improving for the economy. Furthermore, it is optimal for the insurer to charge the maximum acceptable insurance premium to the policyholder. This paper also considers three other variants of the optimal insurance/reinsurance models. The first two variants impose a limit on the reinsurance premium so as to prevent insurer to reinsure all its risk. An optimal solution is still layering insurance, though the insurer will have to retain higher risk. Finally, we study the effect of competition by permitting the policyholder to insure its risk with an insurer, a reinsurer, or both. The competition from the reinsurer dampens the price at which an insurer could charge to the policyholder, although the optimal indemnities remain the same as the baseline model. The reinsurer will however not trade with the policyholder in this optimal solution.  相似文献   

13.
We consider partial and complete information models to investigate how partial information has a unique quality over complete information for insurers. We find that optimal reinsurance and investment strategies for the partially informed insurer depend on prior beliefs, whereas those for the completely informed insurer do not. In addition, information quality can affect insurer behaviour, mainly through the relative difference between risk-adjusted market premium and risk-adjusted insurance premium projected on the financial markets. Numerical results indicate that partial information increases the conservativeness of insurer strategies.  相似文献   

14.
The quest for optimal reinsurance design has remained an interesting problem among insurers, reinsurers, and academicians. An appropriate use of reinsurance could reduce the underwriting risk of an insurer and thereby enhance its value. This paper complements the existing research on optimal reinsurance by proposing another model for the determination of the optimal reinsurance design. The problem is formulated as a constrained optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the value-at-risk of the net risk of the insurer while subjecting to a profitability constraint. The proposed optimal reinsurance model, therefore, has the advantage of exploiting the classical tradeoff between risk and reward. Under the additional assumptions that the reinsurance premium is determined by the expectation premium principle and the ceded loss function is confined to a class of increasing and convex functions, explicit solutions are derived. Depending on the risk measure's level of confidence, the safety loading for the reinsurance premium, and the expected profit guaranteed for the insurer, we establish conditions for the existence of reinsurance. When it is optimal to cede the insurer's risk, the optimal reinsurance design could be in the form of pure stop-loss reinsurance, quota-share reinsurance, or a combination of stop-loss and quota-share reinsurance.  相似文献   

15.
In this paper, we study optimal reinsurance treaties that minimize the liability of an insurer. The liability is defined as the actuarial reserve on an insurer’s risk exposure plus the risk margin required for the risk exposure. The risk margin is determined by the risk measure of expectile. Among a general class of reinsurance premium principles, we prove that a two-layer reinsurance treaty is optimal. Furthermore, if a reinsurance premium principle in the class is translation invariant or is the expected value principle, we show that a one-layer reinsurance treaty is optimal. Moreover, we use the expected value premium principle and Wang’s premium principle to demonstrate how the parameters in an optimal reinsurance treaty can be determined explicitly under a given premium principle.  相似文献   

16.
Reinsurance Arrangements Maximizing Insurer's Survival Probability   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
The article concerns the problem of purchasing a reinsurance policy that maximizes the survival probability of the insurer. Explicit forms of the contracts optimal for the insurer are derived which are stop loss or truncated stop loss depending on the initial surplus, a quota to be spend on reinsurance and pricing rules of both the insurer and the reinsurer.  相似文献   

17.
The paper studies the so-called individual risk model where both a policy of per-claim insurance and a policy of reinsurance are chosen jointly by the insurer in order to maximize his/her expected utility. The insurance and reinsurance premiums are defined by the expected value principle. The problem is solved under additional constraints on the reinsurer’s risk and the residual risk of the insured. It is shown that the solution to the problem is the following: The optimal reinsurance is a modification of stop-loss reinsurance policy, so-called stop-loss reinsurance with an upper limit; the optimal insurer’s indemnity is a combination of stop-loss- and deductible policies. The results are illustrated by a numerical example for the case of exponential utility function. The effects of changing model parameters on optimal insurance and reinsurance policies are considered.  相似文献   

18.
ABSTRACT

We discuss an optimal excess-of-loss reinsurance contract in a continuous-time principal-agent framework where the surplus of the insurer (agent/he) is described by a classical Cramér-Lundberg (C-L) model. In addition to reinsurance, the insurer and the reinsurer (principal/she) are both allowed to invest their surpluses into a financial market containing one risk-free asset (e.g. a short-rate account) and one risky asset (e.g. a market index). In this paper, the insurer and the reinsurer are ambiguity averse and have specific modeling risk aversion preferences for the insurance claims (this relates to the jump term in the stochastic models) and the financial market's risk (this encompasses the models' diffusion term). The reinsurer designs a reinsurance contract that maximizes the exponential utility of her terminal wealth under a worst-case scenario which depends on the retention level of the insurer. By employing the dynamic programming approach, we derive the optimal robust reinsurance contract, and the value functions for the reinsurer and the insurer under this contract. In order to provide a more explicit reinsurance contract and to facilitate our quantitative analysis, we discuss the case when the claims follow an exponential distribution; it is then possible to show explicitly the impact of ambiguity aversion on the optimal reinsurance.  相似文献   

19.
In this article, an optimal reinsurance problem is formulated from the perspective of an insurer, with the objective of minimizing the risk-adjusted value of its liability where the valuation is carried out by a cost-of-capital approach and the capital at risk is calculated by either the value-at-risk (VaR) or conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). In our reinsurance arrangement, we also assume that both insurer and reinsurer are obligated to pay more for a larger realization of loss as a way of reducing ex post moral hazard. A key contribution of this article is to expand the research on optimal reinsurance by deriving explicit optimal reinsurance solutions under an economic premium principle. It is a rather general class of premium principles that includes many weighted premium principles as special cases. The advantage of adopting such a premium principle is that the resulting reinsurance premium depends not only on the risk ceded but also on a market economic factor that reflects the market environment or the risk the reinsurer is facing. This feature appears to be more consistent with the reinsurance market. We show that the optimal reinsurance policies are piecewise linear under both VaR and CVaR risk measures. While the structures of optimal reinsurance solutions are the same for both risk measures, we also formally show that there are some significant differences, particularly on the managing tail risk. Because of the integration of the market factor (via the reinsurance pricing) into the optimal reinsurance model, some new insights on the optimal reinsurance design could be gleaned, which would otherwise be impossible for many of the existing models. For example, the market factor has a nontrivial effect on the optimal reinsurance, which is greatly influenced by the changes of the joint distribution of the market factor and the loss. Finally, under an additional assumption that the market factor and the loss have a copula with quadratic sections, we demonstrate that the optimal reinsurance policies admit relatively simple forms to foster the applicability of our theoretical results, and a numerical example is presented to further highlight our results.  相似文献   

20.
A reinsurance treaty involves two parties, an insurer and a reinsurer. The two parties have conflicting interests. Most existing optimal reinsurance treaties only consider the interest of one party. In this article, we consider the interests of both insurers and reinsurers and study the joint survival and profitable probabilities of insurers and reinsurers. We design the optimal reinsurance contracts that maximize the joint survival probability and the joint profitable probability. We first establish sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of the optimal reinsurance retentions for the quota‐share reinsurance and the stop‐loss reinsurance under expected value reinsurance premium principle. We then derive sufficient conditions for the existence of the optimal reinsurance treaties in a wide class of reinsurance policies and under a general reinsurance premium principle. These conditions enable one to design optimal reinsurance contracts in different forms and under different premium principles. As applications, we design an optimal reinsurance contract in the form of a quota‐share reinsurance under the variance principle and an optimal reinsurance treaty in the form of a limited stop‐loss reinsurance under the expected value principle.  相似文献   

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