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1.
外币报表的折算问题是随着跨国公司的发展而产生并引起广泛的关注和讨论的。其最主要的目的是满足跨国公司合并其国外子公司的会计报表的需要。外币报表折算方法涉及两方面的问题:折算汇率的选择和折算损益的处理。世界各国对此进行了长期的探索.逐步形成了许许多多的外币报表折算方法,其中最基本的有四种:现行汇率法、流动与非流动项目法、货币与非货币项目法和时态法。本拟就时态法及其在我国的适用作简要探讨。 相似文献
2.
从本世纪三十年代起,在外币报表折算上先后出现了流动与非流动性法、货币与非货币性法、现行汇率法以及时态法。前两种方法仅仅是依据对资产、负债项目的分类方法来决定选择何种折算汇率。但是,资产、负债项目的分类属性并不一定与折算汇率的选择相关。鉴于此,本文仅对当今最为流行的现行汇率法和时态法进行分析。这两种折算方法已被我国具体会计准则《外币折算》的征求意见稿所采用,本文的分析或也有助于对这一征求意见稿的理解和完善。一、时态法时态法最早是由美国会计学家伦纳德·洛伦森于1972年提出,并在1975年被美国财务… 相似文献
3.
目前经济全球化的步伐逐渐加快,境外子公司的数量不断增加,致使外币报表折算业务愈显重要,但是外币报表的折算方法仍有待完善。本文对现行汇率法和时态法进行比较分析,笔者认为时态法是更为合适的选择,并对时态法存在的问题提出改进建议。 相似文献
4.
有关外币报表折算的国际比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着全球经济一体化和资本国际化进程的加快,国际间投资业务不断扩大,跨国公司在整个世界经济中所发挥的作用和所占的比例也越来越大,使得作为跨国公司合并会计报表编制前提的外币报表折算显得越发重要。但目前国际上在外币报表折算中折算汇率的选择和折算差额的处理,尚未形成一致的国际惯例,使得外币报表折算成为当今世界各国会计实务的主要差异所在。一、世界各国所遵循的折算方法存在差异。目前外币报表折算方法主要有流动与非流动项目法,货币与非货币项目法,时态法和现行汇率法。由于这几种方法各有利弊和侧重,以及世界各国的政… 相似文献
5.
贾利平 《河南财政税务高等专科学校学报》2005,19(1):24-25
跨国公司的出现和发展使得外币报表折算日益重要。但目前国际上对此尚未形成一致的国际惯例,各国对外币报表折算会计的规定存在差异,实现全球范围的协调还存在很大难度。 相似文献
6.
随着我国加入WTO与经济突飞猛进的发展,许多大公司积极拓展海外业务,建立海外子公司,外币报表折算的问题也随之而来。本文以外币折算方法中的现行汇率法与时态法的理论依据为出发点,对现行西方国家的选择进行分析,并结合我国的实际,探讨于2005年6月份印发的具体会计准则《外币折算》(征求意见稿)中规定的外币报表折算方法。 相似文献
7.
外币交易是指以外币计价或者结算的交易。外币折算是一种把不同的外兑换成本国货币的等值或者另外一种外币的等值的程序,其业务包括外币交易折算和外币财务报表折算。目前外币折算方法主要有流动与非流动项目法、货币与非货币项目法、现行汇率法和时态法。本文将对外币交易、记账本位币与外币、汇率与折算汇率进行具体介绍。 相似文献
8.
本文阐述了我国现行外币折算方法现行汇率法及其弊端,并在理论分析时态法的基础上提出一种基于时态法理论原则的创新性方法以更加适应中国的会计环境。 相似文献
9.
国际间投资业务不断扩大,使得作为跨国公司合并会计报表编制前提的外币报表折算显得越发重要.但至今尚无一种完美的外币报表折算方法能满足外币报表折算现实需要.较适宜的方法是将时态法和现行汇率法结合起来使用,即以时态法对以外币表述的子公司报表进行折算,而将以现行汇率法折算的报表作为合并以后的会计报表附注说明.这样既可满足会计计量基础要求,又可满足信息需求者充分了解子公司的经营状况和财务成果情况的要求. 相似文献
10.
外币报表折算是当今国际会计问题中令人最伤脑筋和争论最大的技术问题之一,就世界范围来看,其会计理论和实务还没能得到圆满的解决。随着我国加入WTO,外币报表折算业务已日趋频繁,但到目前为止,我国尚无这方面具体的会计准则。本文试图对外币报表折算方法选择的有关问题初步探讨,并提出我国企业目前外币报表折算方法的现实选择。一、 外币报表折算方法选择中的矛盾从20世纪30年代起,对于外币报表折算,出现了流动与非流动性、货币与非货币性、现行汇率法与时态法。前两种方法都是依据对资产、负债的分类来决定选择何种折算汇率。但… 相似文献
11.
We examine the economic effects of barriers to entry on the association between foreign currency translation adjustments and the stock returns of multinational firms operating in the manufacturing and service industries. Firms that are innovation leaders, that is, firms that are research and development (R&D) intensive and firms with high foreign asset intensity (i.e., asset-intensive firms), are our proxies for firms operating in environments with barriers to entry (i.e., environments in which competition is less intense). We hypothesize and find that foreign currency translation adjustments are positively associated with abnormal stock returns for firms operating in environments with barriers to entry in both manufacturing and service industries. This finding highlights the importance of assessing the valuation-relevance of foreign currency translation adjustments by considering the economic contexts of foreign currency movements. Overall, the evidence shows that the accounting rules governing foreign currency translations generally produce results consistent with the economic effects of foreign exchange rate changes. 相似文献
12.
《Journal of Multinational Financial Management》2000,10(1):73-89
This paper examines US Department of Defense (DoD) foreign exchange rate exposure in light of the government’s prohibition against foreign currency hedging. Using data from the United States Air Force and Monte Carlo simulation, we evaluate whether the use of forward foreign exchange contracts or currency options might reduce the financial impact of currency fluctuation. The results strongly indicate that these alternatives outperform the current method for dealing with foreign currency exposure in the DoD. Using forward contracts, expected cost reductions are on the order of 3.5% of current outlays. For options, expected cost reductions increase to 6.4% thereby defining an upper bound of 2.9% on acceptable option premium levels. 相似文献
13.
Peter H. Eddey 《Accounting & Finance》1985,25(2):19-40
Accounting standards and exposure drafts on foreign currency translation have differed in their recommended treatment of unrealised exchange gains and losses on long-term monetary assets and liabilities of domestic firms denominated in foreign currencies. This paper compares the immediate recognition method (U.S. and U.K.) to the defer and amortise method (Australia and Canada) with respect to their effects on net income, asset and liability measurement. Reasons why management will be concerned with the financial statement effect of exchange rate changes are advanced and these, together with the empirical analysis of the competing accounting methods, help explain the evident support the Australian corporate sector has shown for the defer and amortise method. 相似文献
14.
Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States usually require that companies which own more than 50% of the voting stock of foreign corporations prepare consolidated financial statements. The foreign financial statements must be recast into US GAAP and the foreign currency financial statements must be translated into US dollars. Alternative methods of translating foreign currency have major impacts on consolidated financial statements and on the behavior of management. Further, foreign subsidiary financial statements which are recast into US GAAP are less useful than the originals, and US users cannot analyze them without reference to the foreign environment. The interests of financial statement users are better served by alternative presentations of foreign currency denominated accounts rather than by consolidation. 相似文献
15.
This paper briefly discusses the major aspects of FASB Statement No. 52 and presents a flowchart designed to assist accounting instructors in teaching the accounting and reporting requirements for foreign currency translations. 相似文献
16.
George Georgiou 《Accounting & Business Research》2013,43(91):228-236
The recently issued UK Financial Reporting Standard 1 (FRS 1) requires the replacement of the Statement of Source and Application of Funds by a Cash Flow Statement. A significant issue, disregarded in the past and specifically addressed by the new standard, is the reporting of foreign cash flows in a consolidated cash flow statement involving foreign subsidiaries. This paper evaluates the provisions of FRS 1 in relation to this issue. It is argued that the new requirements will not entirely resolve existing comparability problems and will not necessarily result in a cash flow statement which reflects the sterling equivalent of cash flows as they occur in a foreign currency. 相似文献
17.
by Thomas J. O'Brien 《实用企业财务杂志》2009,21(3):86-94
For multinational companies (MNCs) with foreign subsidiaries, the currency denomination of intercompany debt can have important effects on both taxes and financial statements. This paper analyzes the choice between an intercompany loan denominated in the home currency and one denominated in the subsidiary's functional currency. Using U.S. rules for financial accounting and taxes, the author demonstrates the expected impact of the loan's currency denomination on the expected level and variability of an MNCs overall taxes in the case where it has excess foreign tax credits.
The author's analysis shows that the foreign currency loan denomination leads to lower expected tax if the foreign withholding tax rate on interest is higher than the parent's home income tax rate. At the same time, the parent currency denomination leads to lower expected taxes if the parent's home income tax rate is higher than the foreign withholding tax rate on interest. Moreover, if an MNCs excess foreign tax credits are attributable to the subsidiary, the foreign currency loan denomination leads to lower variability in overall taxes. But in cases where the excess foreign tax credits arise from other foreign operations, the parent currency denomination leads to lower variability of overall tax. 相似文献
The author's analysis shows that the foreign currency loan denomination leads to lower expected tax if the foreign withholding tax rate on interest is higher than the parent's home income tax rate. At the same time, the parent currency denomination leads to lower expected taxes if the parent's home income tax rate is higher than the foreign withholding tax rate on interest. Moreover, if an MNCs excess foreign tax credits are attributable to the subsidiary, the foreign currency loan denomination leads to lower variability in overall taxes. But in cases where the excess foreign tax credits arise from other foreign operations, the parent currency denomination leads to lower variability of overall tax. 相似文献
18.
以新思维审视中国外汇储备风险 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
外汇储备是一国国际经济活动往来形成的特殊的外币债权,中国经常项目、资本和金融项目的特点以及热钱的大规模流入决定了中国当前的外汇储备存在一定的不稳定因素。过多的外汇储备必将产生较大的机会成本风险,并且面临着较大且频繁的汇率风险以及境外金融机构倒闭和资产价格波动的风险,给国内的流动性控制和金融调控带来诸多的困难,增加了贸易摩擦的频率。要审时度势,通过加快国内经济结构调整、鼓励走出去、多元化运作储备资产等形式规避中国外汇储备所面临的风险。 相似文献
19.
文章试图为化解商业银行的客户外币融资需求持续旺盛与外币存款余额常年低位徘徊之间的矛盾提供办法和思路,即商业银行可以通过构建一个外汇组合提高自有外汇资金的收益,主动管理自有外币资本金汇率风险。这需要明确以下三个问题:构建此外汇组合的目的、评价此组合的标准和构建组合的方法。在此过程中,要注意兼顾风险和收益的均衡,确定收益核算口径和收益评价标准。 相似文献
20.
We use high-frequency data to study the effects of currency swap auctions carried out by the Brazilian Central Bank on the USDBRL exchange rate. We find that official currency swap auctions impact the exchange rate in a significant way, even though they do not directly alter the supply of foreign currency in the market. We show that during our sample period auctions of contracts in which the Central Bank took a short position in USD had larger effects than those in which the Central Bank took a long position. The supply of currency swaps to the market provides an alternative for traders that demand foreign currency for financial (speculative or hedging) rather than transactional reasons, and thus affects the demand for foreign currency and its price. This mechanism is likely to be particularly relevant when forecasters extrapolate exchange rate trends at short-term horizons. 相似文献