股价崩盘风险与权益资本成本——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

本文以沪深两市2008-2012年A股上市公司为研究样本,基于我国特殊制度背景和上市公司实际,实证检验股价崩盘风险对权益资本成本的影响。研究结果表明,股价崩盘风险越大,权益资本成本越大,且这种关系在民营上市公司中更显著。进一步考虑信息披露因素,发现高质量的信息披露并不会显著减弱股价崩盘风险对权益资本成本的负面影响,而机构投资者在一定程度上发挥着资本市场上信息传递的作用,改善信息披露环境,增加信息披露,作为信息披露质量外的一种有效的替代机制,其行为显著降低了股价崩盘风险对权益资本成本的作用。     

信息披露、外部监督与资本成本——基于中小企业板的实证分析

本文使用深圳证券交易所中小板上市公司2012-2016年度的样本资料,研究信息披露水平与资本成本的关系,与大部分学者的观点一样,分析表明信息披露水平与资本成本负相关.从外部社会监督的角度来看,新闻媒体的关注、机构投资者、分析师等外部治理因素对公司权益资本成本有重大的制约作用.研究结果表明,分析师、机构投资者以及媒体作为我国资本市场极为重要的社会外部监督力量,能够削弱信息披露水平对企业资本成本的敏感度,也就是说,外部监督力量越强,信息披露水平对权益资本成本的影响越小.     

高铁时空压缩效应与公司权益资本成本——来自A股上市公司的经验证据

以往文献大多集中于交通基础设施对一国或地区宏观经济的影响,而较少关注其对资本市场的作用。本文基于信息不对称视角,考察了高铁开通改变地理距离的时空约束后如何影响公司权益资本成本。以2007—2018年A股上市公司为样本,本文研究发现,上市公司所在地开通高铁后,由于内外信息不对称程度的降低,公司权益资本成本显著下降。该现象受到一系列公司特征的影响,与多数投资者聚集地距离越远、业务复杂度越高的公司,权益资本成本受高铁开通影响而下降得更明显。进一步的研究表明,高铁开通后公司股票流动性的提升及信息披露质量的提高是影响权益资本成本的重要路径。     

对《信息披露、收益不透明度与权益资本成本》一文的评论

黄娟娟和肖珉的论文《信息披露、收益不透明度与权益资本成本》(以下简称信文)以1993年至2001年间我国证券市场进行股权再融资的上市公司为样本,考察了我国证券市场上市公司信息披露质量与公司权益资本成本的关系。作者发现,在控制其他一些影响因素之后,上市公司信息披露质量与公司权益资本成本呈显著的负相关关系。而且,上市公司权益资本成本不仅受到前一年     

企业社会责任信息披露与权益资本成本

运用理论分析和实证检验的方法从权益资本成本的角度研究我国上市公司企业社会责任信息披露的经济动机.研究发现:上市公司上期权益资本成本越高,本期披露社会责任报告的可能性越大,说明降低权益资本成本是上市公司决定是否披露社会责任报告的重要经济动机;对于首次披露企业社会责任报告的公司,上期权益资本成本越高,本期社会责任信息披露质量越高;但对非首次披露企业社会责任报告的公司来说,披露企业社会责任报告的资本成本动机不显著.     

信息披露、收益不透明度与权益资本成本

本文以1993年至2001年间我国证券市场进行股权再融资的上市公司为样本,深入考察我国证券市场上市公司信息披露质量与公司权益资本成本的关系。结果表明,在控制其他一些影响因素之后,上市公司信息披露质量与公司权益资本成本呈显著的负相关关系;对上市公司而言,提高信息披露的质量有助于降低公司的权益资本成本。同时,本文还发现,上市公司权益资本成本不仅受到前一年信息披露质量的影响,还受到前四年信息披露质量的影响。所以,上市公司管理者为了降低公司再融资的权益资本成本,应该持之以恒地致力于保持较高的信息披露质量。     

上市公司社会责任信息披露与股权资本成本相关性研究

我国大部分上市公司都以权益融资为获取资金的主要渠道,因此企业都希望股权融资成本可以保持在理想的水平上。随着社会环境的变化及市场投资者素质水平的提高教资者对公司信息披露的要求也从仅仅专注于公司的财务信息到更关注公司社会责任（CSR）履行情况的信息。本文以深市和沪市A股上市公司为样本,检验了公司社会责任信息披露质量与公司股权资本成本的相关关系。实证结果表明啦会责任信息披露的水平提高可以促进股权资本成本的降低。     

社会责任报告降低了企业权益资本成本吗?——来自中国资本市场的经验证据

本文以上市公司披露社会责任报告的动机为出发点,以权益资本成本为落脚点,探讨社会责任报告对企业权益资本成本的影响及作用机制。研究表明,公司披露社会责任报告有助于降低企业的权益资本成本,并且社会责任报告披露对权益资本成本的影响存在"首次披露"效应;但是对于同样披露了社会责任报告的公司而言,社会责任报告质量的高低对权益资本成本的影响并不显著,机构投资者持股比例对于社会责任报告与权益资本成本的关系也无显著影响。这说明我国投资者已经开始关注社会责任报告信息披露,投资者普遍认为发布社会责任报告传递的是一个有利的信号,但是由于我国企业社会责任报告的质量普遍较低,这些报告给投资者传递的信号并没能降低他们对企业风险的评估。     

年报风险提示信息影响审计意见类型吗?——来自高管任期周期性特征的经验证据

风险提示作为年报典型的非结构化信息,之前较少得到关注与研究,本文采用文本挖掘技术考察了两个问题:(1)风险提示信息是否影响审计意见;(2)高管任期周期性特征如何调节这种影响。研究发现,年报风险提示信息越多,上市公司获得非标审计意见的概率越大,并且高管任期越长,这一关系越显著,但显著性水平会随高管任期的周期性特征呈现倒U型的变化趋势。同时,当高管年龄越小、学历越低时,任期的非线性调节作用更显著。研究表明,风险导向审计模式较好地考虑了风险提示信息的影响,高管任期周期性形成的信息披露战略择机偏好对审计意见类型产生了异质性影响,并且该影响很大程度被高管个人特征所制约。     

可视化年报与会计信息质量:“表里如一”还是“表里不一”?北大核心

资本市场以信息披露为核心的注册制改革,要求上市公司提高信息披露质量,加强与投资者有效沟通。在此背景下,越来越多的上市公司开始发布图文并茂的可视化年报以增进投资者对公司财务报告信息的理解。本文以2017-2020年沪深A股上市公司为样本,从会计信息质量角度检验上市公司发布可视化年报是“表里不一”地仅向投资者进行印象管理,还是“表里如一”地与投资者诚信沟通传递价值信号。结果发现当公司有较高的会计信息质量时更可能发布可视化年报,多种稳健性检验支持该发现。进一步分析表明公司发布可视化年报会增加投资者关注度,据此推测投资者关注度增加可能带来的潜在风险是只有会计信息高质量的公司才勇于发布可视化年报的原因之一。会计信息质量与可视化年报发布的关系在市值管理较好、研发投入较多、业绩表现相对较差的公司中显著。此外,持续发布可视化年报的公司有显著更高的会计信息质量,但发布视频年报的公司会计信息质量并不显著更高。     

Cost accounting standard and cost accounting systems in Japan. Lessons from the past - recovering lost traditions

This paper aims to show two things. The first is how Japanese culture has contributed to the development of Japanese cost accounting history. The second is to reveal the research possibilities of cost accounting history. This paper also reviews the salient features of several important examples of these aspects of cost accounting practice in Japan. It therefore explores, through some practical illustrations, how and why Japanese cost accounting differs from that found in the West.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

【正】The China Journal of Accounting Research‘‘CJAR’’(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditin...     

Shared Standard Setting in the Public Interest:A Strong Model

正The last two decades have been a definitive era in the evolution of the accountancy profession.In the wake of major corporate scandals at the turn of the century,an international public debate arose on the need for more effective and well-considered regulation;this debate then reignited during the global financial and sovereign debt crises.     

HOW TO PUT TOGETHER A COMPLETE PACKAGE

正Many Institute members know they cannot rely purely on technical knowledge and business acumen to remain competitive.As soft skills are increasingly important,Jemelyn Yadao finds out how CPAs can maintain     

Bayesian Risk Management for Equity-Linked Insurance

This paper describes how to apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques to a regime switching model of the stock price process to generate a sample from the joint posterior distribution of the parameters of the model. The MCMC output can be used to generate a sample from the predictive distribution of losses from equity linked contracts, assuming first an actuarial approach to risk management and secondly a financial economics approach. The predictive distribution is used to show the effect of parameter uncertainty on risk management calculations. We also explore model uncertainty by assuming a GARCH model in place of the regime switching model. The results indicate that the financial economics approach to risk management is substantially more robust to parameter uncertainty and model uncertainty than the actuarial approach.     

The historical significance of the revaluation of fixed assets in Japan's state-owned railway system, 1955-6

The Government Railways of Japan (GRJ) established a fixed assets accounting system on the accruals basis after the Second World War. The revaluation of tangible fixed assets was indispensable for GRJ's introduction of depreciation in 1948. GRJ scheduled the revaluation to secure a reasonable depreciation expense, because the company had applied the replacement method to all tangible fixed assets since its foundation in 1869. At the same time, GRJ assumed the balance of the revaluation reserve account to be a means of dealing with possible future accumulated losses.     

Effects of speculation and interest rates in a “carry trade” model of commodity prices

The paper presents and estimates a model of the prices of oil and other storable commodities, a model that can be characterized as reflecting the carry trade. It focuses on speculative factors, here defined as the trade-off between interest rates on the one hand and market participants' expectations of future price changes on the other hand. It goes beyond past research by bringing to bear new data sources: survey data to measure expectations of future changes in commodity prices and options data to measure perceptions of risk. Some evidence is found of a negative effect of interest rates on the demand for inventories and thereby on commodity prices and positive effects of expected future price gains on inventory demand and thereby on today's commodity prices.     

Optimal Dynamic Premium Control in Non-life Insurance. Maximizing Dividend Pay-outs

In this paper we consider the problem of finding optimal dynamic premium policies in non-life insurance. The reserve of a company is modeled using the classical Cramér-Lundberg model with premium rates calculated via the expected value principle. The company controls dynamically the relative safety loading with the possibility of gaining or loosing customers. It distributes dividends according to a 'barrier strategy' and the objective of the company is to find an optimal premium policy and dividend barrier maximizing the expected total, discounted pay-out of dividends. In the case of exponential claim size distributions optimal controls are found on closed form, while for general claim size distributions a numerical scheme for approximations of the optimal control is derived. Based on the idea of De Vylder going back to the 1970s, the paper also investigates the possibilities of approximating the optimal control in the general case by using the closed form solution of an approximating problem with exponential claim size distributions.     

'More a national asset than an investor's paradise': financial management and the British Motor Corporation, 1952-68

This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of financial management in the British motor industry in the 1950s and 1960s. We question whether US ownership automatically implied greater financial control and immunity from capital market pressures and discuss whether the problems BMC/BMH (British Motor Corporation/British Motor Holdings) experienced were symptomatic of the absence of financial imperatives among British management at this time. Finally we widen the agenda to place our findings on financial management into a wider literature dealing more generally with the problems of managerial control and corporate governance within the motor vehicle industry in the 1950s and 1960s.     

Religion and stock price crash risk:Evidence from China

This paper investigates whether religious traditions influence firm-specific crash risk in China.Using a sample of A-share listed firms from 2003 to 2013,we pro...