管理层持股与企业R&D投资研究

R&D是企业核心竞争力的来源,对企业的长期发展至关重要,本文以中国上市公司为样本,对管理层持股与企业R&D投资之间的关系进行实证分析研究,以探求如何提高企业R&D投资,进而提升企业竞争力.研究结果发现:管理层持股比例与企业R&D投资强度正相关,即管理层持股对企业R&D投资具有积极的正向影响.本文研究发现对提高企业R&D投资水平具有较强的实践指导意义.     

政府R&D资助,企业R&D支出与自主创新——来自中国上市公司的经验证据北大核心CSSCISSCI

西方文献普遍认为R&D活动的\"市场失灵\"是政府R&D资助存在的根本原因。随着近3年来的发展,我国上市公司已较为普遍地接受了政府R&D资助,政府R&D资助有效性问题等关系到国家干预在经济中发挥作用的评估研究,亟待提供评价的经验证据。本文以中国证券市场2003至2005年间的上市公司为样本,对政府R&D资助与上市公司R&D支出之间的关系进行了实证检验。本文关注的核心问题是政府R&D资助是刺激还是挤出了企业R&D投资。实证发现,政府R&D资助刺激了企业R&D支出。     

企业R&D税收激励政策效应分析北大核心CSSCI

本文较为系统地阐明了国际上设计R&D税收激励政策考虑的基本要素,并对不同形式的R&D税收激励方案进行了比较研究,在此基础上,作者从不同角度梳理并分析了目前理论界对R&D税收激励政策效应的研究结果,并给出了相应结论。     

基于财务视角的企业并购效应分析

在目前的市场经济环境下,并购以其独特优势成为了部分企业实现规模扩张,以求保持或提升自身竞争实力的首要工具.但是,任何事物都有两面性,并购也是如此.并购给企业带来正面影响的同时,也伴随着负面影响.基于此,本文主要从并购动因的角度分析了企业并购产生的财务正效益,从财务风险的角度分析了企业并购产生的财务负效益,以帮助企业从正...     

会计稳健性对投资效率的作用机理研究——基于企业并购的研究视角

在剩余收益估值模型的基础上构造了 Basu (1997)的反函数,从而构建了可同时度量非条件稳健性和条件稳健性的实证模型,并基于企业并购的视角,探究了会计稳健性对企业投资效率的事前和事后影响。研究发现：非条件稳健性可以提升企业事前投资效率(降低并购溢价,提升累计超额收益率),阻止管理层的机会主义行为;条件稳健性会促进企业事后投资效率(并购前后绩效变化),保证项目的盈利性。进一步的研究表明：会计稳健性与企业投资效率的关系会随着上市公司代理成本的增加而越加明显。此外,国有企业和民营企业对于会计稳健性的公司治理效应存在差异。最后扩展了由 Lawrence,Sloan and Sun (2013)提出的稳健性操纵的定义。     

基于投资的企业并购探索

影响企业并购活动的因素多种多样,但无论是哪种动因都需要对被并购企业进行价值分析,从而确定是否进行并购投资.本文对基于投资的企业并购进行分析,主要目的在于梳理基于投资的企业并购意义和价值,探索基于投资的企业并购策略与路径,为企业的相关决策提供依据.     

基于财务协同效应视角下的企业并购

财务协同效应是指并购给企业财务方面带来的效益,这种效应的取得是企业并购的主要动因之一。本文在提出财务协同概念的基础上,分析了财务协同在企业并购中的几种表现,并对财务协同在企业并购中的应用作了一定探讨。     

企业金融化、董事长金融背景与R&D投入——基于中国制造业上市公司的经验研究

基于我国制造业企业金融化程度不断加重,严重挤出了企业技术创新投入,制造业发展前景堪忧的事实,本文利用中国制造业上市企业2009~2017年的数据,实证检验制造业企业金融化与R&D投入的关系,并进一步引入董事长金融背景这一中间变量。结果表明:制造业企业金融化会抑制企业的R&D投入;当企业董事长具有从事金融相关行业的经历,即企业董事长具有金融相关背景时,会加重企业金融化程度对R&D投入产生的挤出效应;此外,中西部地区企业和国有企业相较于东部地区企业和非国有企业来说,企业金融化对R&D投入的抑制作用更强。本研究有助于从微观视角去理解制造业企业金融化、董事长金融背景及创新水平的关系,并为政府合理引导制造业企业高层管理者的金融化行为以及提升企业可持续发展能力提供相应的政策建议。     

基于财务视角的能源企业并购风险研究

国家能源局2019年公布的信息显示,中国已成为世界能源生产第一大国.随着综合国力的提升,我国能源体系持续优化并呈多元化发展的态势.但受资源禀赋等因素影响,能源行业供给结构及区域发展仍不平衡,部分能源企业高能耗、高污染、低效率的问题依然存在.并购重组有利于以"市场之手"推动资源的优化配置,淘汰落后产能,促进产业链整合,实...     

Financial market development and the effectiveness of R&D investment: Evidence from developed and emerging countries

Does financial market development enhance the effectiveness of R&D investment in an economy? To address this question, we apply three distinct approaches including (i) ordinary least square method, (ii) cross-country instrumental variable regression approach, and (iii) panel regression method. By using a dataset of both developed and emerging countries, we find that financial market development significantly contributes to the effectiveness of total R&D investment. This finding remains robust across different model specifications and individual estimation methods. Our finding provides an important guidance to policy makers in implementing a sound financial environment that can facilitate the total contribution of R&D investment.     

The Effects of Private Investments in Public Equity on R&D Investment in Small and Medium-Size Enterprises

This paper provides evidence that small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) use a portion of private investments in public equity (PIPEs) for current research and development (R&D) investment, hold the rest in liquidity reserves such as cash assets and working capital, and ultimately use these reserves to smooth R&D investment. That is, PIPEs may have a direct effect on R&D investment and an indirect or smoothing effect using liquidity reserves. This paper also shows that innovative SMEs such as venture businesses, inno-biz firms, and management innovative firms are more likely to use PIPEs for R&D investment than are noninnovative SMEs. The implications of this paper are that PIPEs can be used as an important source of external financing to fund R&D investment and can be particularly valuable for R&D investment in innovative SMEs.     

Penetrating the Book-to-Market Black Box: The R&D Effect

The book-to-market (BM) phenomenon – the positive association between BM and subsequent returns – looms large among capital market enigmas. Economic theory postulates that the difference between market and book values of companies reflects their future abnormal profits. We capture these abnormal profits for a large sample of science-based companies by estimating the value of the off-balance sheet investment generating those profits – the value of R&D capital – and show empirically: (i) Firms' R&D capital is associated with their subsequent stock returns. (ii) For R&D intensive firms, this 'R&D effect' subsumes the 'book-to-market effect.' (iii) The association between R&D and subsequent returns appears to result from an extra-market risk factor inherent in R&D, rather than from stock mispricing. We thus provide an explanation for the book-to-market phenomenon of R&D companies.     

税收优惠方式对研发投入激励效应研究

以我国2014 ～2020年A股上市公司为样本,利用手工搜集整理的独特数据,获取了上市公司实际享受的税率优惠、加计扣除、加速折旧摊销的金额,并以此为基础检验不同税收优惠方式对企业研发投入的激励效应.实证结果表明,税率优惠、加计扣除、加速折旧摊销这三种税收优惠方式都能激励企业加大研发投入,三种税收优惠方式对研发投入的激励...     

Stock Market Valuation, Profitability and R&D Spending of the Firm: The Effect of Technology Mergers and Acquisitions

Abstract:  In this paper, we investigate whether a firm can enhance the effect of its R&D spending on its current market value and future profitability through technology-oriented M&As. On the basis of an analysis of 1,879 M&As, we find that when a technology firm acquires another technology firm, the magnitude of the stock price response to the R&D spending of an acquirer increases by 107% in the year of the M&A. In contrast, we find no such increase in the stock price response to the R&D spending of a non-technology acquirer. We also find that technology acquirers are more successful in converting their R&D spending into positive future profitability than non-technology acquirers. Our results are robust for different alternative specifications of our model and when various firm differences are controlled for.     

The value-relevance of R&D and advertising expenditures: Evidence from Korea

This study examines the value-relevance of R&D and advertising expenditures of Korean firms, using a regression model based on the Ohlson [Contemp. Account. Res. (1995) 661] equity-valuation framework. Results indicate that R&D expenditures are positively associated with stock price, suggesting that capitalizing R&D expenditures is appropriate. The association is stronger for the portion of R&D expenditures that is capitalized, rather than expensed, suggesting that investors agree with management that the capitalized expenditures represent greater future economic benefits. Investors also appear to interpret fully expensed R&D expenditures as positive net present-value investments, however, suggesting that these expenditure should also be capitalized. Additional results indicate that advertising expenditures are negatively associated with stock price, and the magnitude of this negative association is similar to the association between other expenses and stock price. These findings suggest that investors believe the economic benefits of advertising expenditures expire in the current period, similar to other expenses.     

The Relation Among Targets' R&D Activities, Acquirers' Returns, and In-Process R&D in the US

Abstract:  Using a sample of 129 mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in the US between publicly traded acquirers and targets in research and development (R&D) intensive industries over the period of 1994-2004 and a size- and industry-matched sample, we examine the relation among targets' R&D activities, the probability of acquirers' writing-off in-process R&D (IPRD), and acquirers' returns around the time of M&A announcements. We find that firms acquiring targets with higher R&D investments tend to write off some of the acquired R&D assets upon the completion of the M&As. We also find that the median cumulative abnormal return during the three days around M&A announcements for acquirers with subsequent IPRD write-offs is −2.73% while the return for acquirers without IPRD write-offs is −0.60%. This suggests that acquirers' stock returns around M&A announcements are much lower when investors expect acquirers to expense IPRD. The results are consistent with our conjecture that acquirers tend to write-off IPRD when they acquire overvalued targets. We also find that IPRD write-offs do not increase earnings or stock returns of acquirers after M&As, which is inconsistent with an earnings management hypothesis.     

《金融工具确认和计量》准则对基金投资的影响

现行会计准则体系中《金融工具确认和计量》准则首次对金融工具的确认和计量做出了相关规定。本文分析了该准则对基金投资可能产生的影响，认为一方面公允价值计量模式将引起基金估值的变化，另一方面公允价值变动可能引起基金分红规模的扩大，这对基金投资者的影响是显而易见的。本文结合这两方面的影响对基金投资提出了相关建议。     

Financial factors in R&D budget setting: the impact of interfunctional market coordination, strategic alliances, and the nature of competition

Increasingly demanding markets, changes in technology and greater international competition have made the effective management of product R&D together with its associated costs essential. The magnitude of R&D costs are of concern to many companies, potentially inhibiting organizations from investing in new product development. Although rising costs of R&D and the growing dependence of companies on R&D for product leadership increase the need to plan and evaluate R&D activities more effectively, difficulties have been experienced in applying budgetary control systems to R&D. Despite such concerns, the published literature indicates that an emphasis on financial factors in setting the size of R&D budgets is becoming a competitive necessity. A review of the published literature suggests that interfunctional market coordination, the relative use of strategic alliances and the nature of competition in terms of product cost versus product innovation are potentially instrumental in influencing the degree of emphasis on financial factors in R&D budget setting. The results of the present study indicate that these three organizational and environmental variables result in an emphasis on financial factors in setting the size of R&D budgets. Implications drawn from the findings are discussed.     

Market Valuation of Successful versus Non‐successful R&D Efforts in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Abstract:   This paper examines the relationship between a non‐financial measure of successful research and development (R&D) efforts in the pharmaceutical industry and R&D expenditures. I hypothesize that the R&D of successful producers will be valued more by the market than the R&D of non‐successful producers. The regression results support the hypothesis. In the primary model, R&D is not associated with price; however, the coefficient on the interaction between R&D and successful developers is positively related to stock price. This implies that the market values the R&D expenditures of successful developers but not the expenditures of less‐successful developers.