人民币汇率对国内价格的传导机制研究

本文构建了我国进口价格、消费者价格与各相关因素的长期均衡模型。通过实证研究发现：长期内汇率、国际初级商品价格波动是影响我国进口价格指数的显著因素,但其对国内消费者价格的影响并不明显;同时国内需求和货币供应量波动对消费者价格的影响也不显著。从方差分解结果来看,国内消费者价格的上涨更多来自CPI自身的粘性。分段分析结果表明,汇改后人民币有效汇率波动对国内进口价格和消费者价格的传递效率有所提高,汇率工具在宏观经济中的调节作用逐步增强。     

人民币汇率价格传递效应问题典型地区研究——基于内蒙古的实证分析

本文运用VAR模型实证分析了人民币实际有效汇率对内蒙古工业品出厂价格指数和居民消费物价指数的传递效应,同时比较了其他重要变量对价格指数的影响.结论表明,内蒙古汇率传递效应不完全;汇率变动对工业品出厂价格指数的影响大于消费物价指数;货币供应量是导致价格指数变化的主要因素.     

人民币汇率波动对中国进出口贸易的影响分析

汇率作为两种货币之间的兑换比率,在国际经济竞争关系中扮演着十分重要的角色。汇率通过改变国内外产品和服务的相对价格影响一国的贸易收支,进而对其经济增长产生深远影响。自2005年7月21日汇改以来,我国汇率波动更具弹性,汇率对贸易行业的影响也越来越明显,研究汇率与进出口问题颇具现实意义。     

国际大宗商品价格波动对我国PPI的影响

随着中国与国际市场的关联度越来越高,本文从国际大宗商品价格波动的原因出发,分析其对我国工业品出厂价格影响的传导机制,并运用VAR模型量化其对工业品出厂价格的影响程度。研究表明国际大宗商品价格对我国工业品出厂价格有正向影响,并且影响存在滞后性,最后提出我国宏观经济发展政策及建议。     

汇率形成机制改革以来人民币汇率变动对外贸的影响分析

汇率是影响进出口变化的一个重要因素。理论上讲，汇率的变动可以影响一国产品的相对价格，从而使进出口量发生变化，并影响到贸易收支差额。汇率变化对贸易产生的影响一般表现为：一国货币对外贬值，有利于本国商品的出口，不利于外国商品的进口，因而会减少贸易逆差或增加贸易顺差；一国货币若升值，结果则相反。     

我国房地产价格波动与中央银行货币政策调控——来自货币供应量、汇率和利率的证据

本文通过VAR-MVGARCH模型研究了我国房地产价格增长率分别与货币供应量、汇率和利率的线性和波动关系.研究结果表明,汇率的变化对房地产价格增长率的变动会产生显著的线性影响,但是货币供应量和利率的变化对房地产价格增长率变动的线性影响不大.本文认为,尽管货币供应量、汇率和利率对房地产价格增长率存在波动溢出效应,但由于它们与房地产价格增长率的相关性波动剧烈,同时考虑到不断变化的货币政策“盯住”房地产价格波动的困难以及有悖于中央银行保持货币政策“连续性和稳定性”的目标,当前最好实施汇率工具盯住房地产价格增长率的均值化,才容易产生显著效果.     

人民币汇率波动对我国出口价格传递效应分析

汇率传递效应不仅影响国内总需求与总供给的均衡．而且还会影响国内货币政策实施的有效性。人民币汇率变动对我国进口价格及其他价格水平的传递程度是决定汇率调节我国贸易收支以及稳定国内物价水平的一个关键因素。本文的目的在于运用协整等方法分析人民币汇率变动对我国出口价格水平的影响,研究结果表明：无论长期内还是短期内,进出口价格对汇率波动的反应都较为敏感,不完全汇率的传递广泛存在于中国的出口企业。     

汇率变动的贸易效应：理论与实证研究述评

关于汇率变动对国际收支的影响，一般理论认为，一国货币的贬值或升值会引起进出口商品价格的变化，进而引起进出口商品数量的变化，最终导致贸易收支余额的变化。汇率变动对贸易余额的影响程度，取决于汇率变动的价格传导程度和反映价格与数量关系的进出口供需弹性的大小。本文对相关文献进行了较为完整的综述，以期实现对汇率变动贸易效应问题的充分认识．为研究我国当前人民币汇率变化对贸易余额的影响提供较为全面的参考。     

跨境贸易人民币结算量与货币供应量、汇率波动互动关系

通过构建向量自回归模型（VAR）的方法,对我国跨境贸易人民币结算波动、进出口贸易总额波动、汇率波动之间的动态关系进行研究,试图揭示其三者之间存在的相互关系。研究结果显示：货币供应量波动、汇率波动于跨境贸易人民币结算量波动之间存在长期稳定均衡关系。长期内,汇率波动对跨境贸易人民币结算量波动具有正向促进作用;货币供应量波动对其具有反向促进作用。格兰杰因果关系显示跨境贸易人民币结算量波动是汇率波动的单向Granger原因,同时也是货币供应量波动单向Granger原因;汇率波动在是货币供应量波动的单向Granger原因。脉冲响应函数结果显示：跨境贸易人民币结算量波动对来自其自身冲击的响应在三种变量冲击中最为明显;货币供应量对来自其自身及其他变量的脉冲均有较为明显的响应;汇率对来自其自身冲击的响应在三种变量冲击中最为明显。     

货币政策对房地产价格的动态影响

本文构建了房地产价格与汇率、货币供应量之间关系的VAR模型,并运用脉冲响应函数与方差分解法研究了汇率变化及货币供应量对我国房地产价格的动态影响。研究结果显示,汇率变化(人民币贬值)与房地产价格呈负相关关系;货币供应量变化与房价呈正向关系,且影响有滞后效应,滞后七期。最后运用方差分解法得出"汇率变化对房地产价格变化的贡献率大于货币供应量变化对房价变化的贡献率"的结论。     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.