关于我国银行卡支付方式创新的思考

随着银行卡逐渐深入人们的日常生活,各种创新的支付方式不断涌现。本文通过对国内银行卡支付方式创新的现状研究,发现其受到安全、诚信、商业模式和消费习惯等因素的制约。通过借鉴支付产业较为成熟的欧美国家的经验,对我国银行卡支付创新的发展就政府部门、银行卡组织、商业银行和第三方支付机构提出了相关建议。     

目前支付机构银行卡收单市场存在的问题及建议

自2011年中国人民银行发放第三方支付牌照以来,支付机构正式纳入人民银行监管范畴,其作为银行卡收单市场新兴力量发挥着越来越重要的作用.支付机构的活跃带动了我国银行卡产业的创新和发展,但伴随着其业务发展规模的逐渐攀升,市场竞争日趋激烈,对银行卡收单市场也带来了新的风险隐患,监管矛盾日益凸显.     

银行卡支付业务的创新本质与趋势研究

支付是最广泛、最基本的金融活动,支付创新影响着金融发展的走向,也日益成为影响社会经济发展的重要力量;支付产品是支付服务机构进入新领域、新区域的先导产品。银行卡是信息技术应用于支付领域的最佳载体,互联网支付、移动支付、第三方支付等时下热点支付创新都属于＂卡基支付＂创新的范畴,银行卡支付创新本质是电子支付指令发起、传输、验证、执行四个环节的创新组合。     

论我国第三方支付中消费者权益的法律保护及完善

电子商务的蓬勃发展激发了网络支付的市场需求,以第三方支付为代表的支付模式应运而生。然而,当前我国第三方支付在运营中却存在着诸如权利义务关系模糊、信息披露缺失、纠纷解决机制效率不彰等缺陷,加之第三方支付机构固有的道德风险和外部监管的乏力,消费者在第三方支付业务中始终处于相当弱势的地位,其合法权益极易受到来自第三方支付机构本身的侵害。是故,我国亟需从法律上对第三方支付机构进行更深层次的规范,建构起与之相称的消费者权益保护机制,以确保第三方支付产业在我国持续健康地发展。     

支付平台的创新体验

随着银行卡发卡规模不断扩大,银行卡应用日渐丰富,越来越多的运营商和第三方机构进入支付市场,支付市场的竞争日趋白热化,这对金融服务水平提出了更高的要求。为了更加有效地对终端进行管理，进一步完善支付体系，提高收单平台的安全性和稳定性，符合第三方机构和运营商要求的收单系统应运而生。     

第三方支付机构发展趋势和监管对策探析

支付机构是在收付款人之间作为中介机构提供货币资金转移服务的非金融机构,业务类型涵盖：预付卡发行与受理、银行卡收单、网络支付。文章介绍了我国第三方支付业务的发展现状,分析了未来市场的发展趋势。在此基础上,提出了在《非金融机构支付服务管理办法》确立的以人民银行为主的监管框架下,加强第三方支付监管的对策：明确监管理念,推进监管制度改革,创新监管手段,遏制支付服务市场乱象等。     

传统银行卡支付发展的四大短板

随着互联网技术的不断演进和渗透,面对以支付宝为代表的第三方支付以及移动支付的接入方式,在客户体验与服务创新上,传统银行卡支付存在四大短板. 短板一：随着网上支付安全性和便利性的有效提高和验证,第三方支付平台客户黏性得到进一步增强.但不少银行尚未建立统一的电子商务平台,银行卡支付已显示出一定缺陷,在电子商务中明显处于弱势. 短板二：与第三方支付平台相比,银行并不缺客户资源,但却缺少可以用来锁定客户的社交化工具.由于传统银行卡存在限制多、价格贵、保障少等问题,消费者虽然拥有不止一家的银行卡,但在信用卡商城网购的机会并不多,增值化等优势强烈冲击着银行卡的支付业务.     

基于宏观视角的银行卡产业反洗钱体系建设

银行卡反洗钱的开展,涉及监管机构、银行类金融机构、第三方支付机构、银行卡组织等诸多主体,产业链中某一环节(或领域)反洗钱力量增强,必然会导致银行卡洗钱犯罪向产业中反洗钱力量薄弱环节(或领域)迁移。故而,需构建基于银行卡产业宏观角度的反洗钱体系、从银行卡产业角度开展反洗钱工作,以提升银行卡对洗钱犯罪的免疫力。当前,国际社会对银行卡反洗钱问题的研究很少。已有相关研究,也仅是针对信用卡发卡和商户收单活动(The Wolfsburg Group,2009),或是预付卡等新支付工具洗钱脆弱性研究(FATF,2006/2010)。在我国,对银行     

我国第三方支付业务非法网络交易风险分析及监管政策建议

应充分考虑互联网交易范围广、变化快的特点,进一步细化法律法规,对面向特定行业、用户的第三方支付企业在法律方面进行适当的微调。第三方支付业务概述(一)第三方支付的概念第三方支付,就是一些和产品所在国家以及国外各大银行签约、并具备一定实力和信誉保障的第三方独立机构提供的交易支持平台。第三方支付平台通过与各大银行充分合作向用户提供多种银行卡的网关接口,为交易双方整合了众多银行卡的     

制卡业务外包：我国商业银行的必然选择

一、我国银行卡产业及制卡行业概况 1．银行卡产业结构现状 银行卡是一种新型的综合性金融支付工具，是传统金融业务与现代信息技术结合的产物。它是指由商业银行或非银行发卡机构向社会发行的具有消费信用、转账结算、存取现金等全部或部分功能的支付工具。银行卡产业的发展，对于加快我国金融改革、经济发展和社会进步具有十分重要的意义。我国银行卡产业经过十几年的培育和发展，     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.     

浅议金融机构的举证责任

金融纠纷案件是当事人以存单或进账单、对账单、存款合同、保险单、票据、证券等凭证为主要证据向人民法院提出诉讼的案件,对于不同种类金融纠纷的当事人的举证责任,我国现行的金融法律、法规及司法解释有不同的规定。由于金融机构的特殊法律地位,发生金融纠纷时存在有关当事人将最后偿付风险转移给金融机构承担的主观故意,在客观上会使金融机构难以提供相应的证据来对抗不法债权人的诉讼请求,而导致金融机构败诉。为此,对金融诉讼案件中金融机构的举证责任加以研究具有重要的实践意义。     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.