CDM项目价值最大化策略与碳金融解决方案

在后2012时期二氧化碳减排协议未顺利达成的情况下,碳排放权的价格波动剧烈。我国作为CDM的最大供应国受到深刻影响,因此急需加强理论研究,以实现CDM开发收益的稳步增加。由于CDM项目开发不同阶段受到各种风险因素的影响,CER价格呈现出阶梯状的特点,即延后交付阶段可以显著提高交割价格。针对这一特点,本文分析了各阶段所适用的金融产品和服务,并设计了三个CDM价值最大化策略以及配套的金融服务方案。     

我国农产品价格波动的影响因素分析

本文从近年来我国农产品价格波动的特点m发,从理论上剖析市场供需、成本、国际农产品价格对农产品价格波动的影响,并选取近十年数据进行实证分析。研究发现,农产品价格自身和国际农产品价格对我国农产品价格波动的贡献率大、影响显著,通货膨胀和货币供应量的贡献率比较小、成本影响较为复杂。在此基础上．本文对稳定农产品价格、规避农产品价格风险提出了具体建议。     

从国际大宗商品价格波动看“中国需求”

近年来国际大宗商品日益体现出较强金融属性,价格波动受交易主体的影响远大于供求关系本身。本文对最近5年国际铜市场价格变化与供需状况进行实证分析,通过协整检验建立误差修正模型(ECM),指出国际金融资本炒作"中国需求",利用期货市场金融化大宗商品的事实,并相应提出了行业政策建议。     

国内建立碳排放贸易体系的影响分析

本文结合国际碳市场的现状,分析了我国国内建立碳排放贸易体系后,对国内碳贸易价格、国际减排边际成本等的影响。提出我国应该在利用清洁发展机制（CDM）换取节能和新能源高新技术的同时,激励企业采用和开发新技术,为经济健康发展提供保障。     

石油价格波动的国际政治经济学分析

近年来国际石油价格波动较大,对我国政治经济影响较为严重,本文以南海东海事件为例,从马克思主义价值论和价格与市场供求关系的理论研究了国际石油价格波动的主要原因,并从国际政治经济学角度分析国际石油价格波动的重要因素最后找出相关积极的应对措施。     

沪锌价格分析及最优套保率估计——基于协整理论、ECM与GARCH模型的分析

价格发现和套期保值是期货市场的两大重要功能。本文首先利用协整分析、格兰杰因果检验并建立误差修正模型(ECM)实证研究了沪锌期货和现货价格之间的长期均衡关系以及对均衡偏离的短期调整;然后建立GARCH模型对沪锌价格的波动进行了分析;最后利用OLS回归估计了沪锌市场的最优套保率。实证研究发现,沪锌期货价格与现货价格之间存在这长期稳定的均衡关系,期货价格变动是现货价格变动的格兰杰原因,当短期价格偏离长期均衡后,期货价格和现货价格会以0.647的速度向长期均衡调整;CARCH(1,1)模型可以较好的拟合沪锌期货价格序列的波动,沪锌价格存在明显的"波动性集聚"现象,条件方差所受的冲击是持久的;沪锌市场的最优套保率为0.695。     

沪锌价格分析及最优套保率估计——基于协整理论、ECM与GARCH模型的分析

价格发现和套期保值是期货市场的两大重要功能。本文首先利用协整分析、格兰杰因果检验并建立误差修正模型(ECM)实证研究了沪锌期货和现货价格之间的长期均衡关系以及对均衡偏离的短期调整;然后建立GARCH模型对沪锌价格的波动进行了分析;最后利用OLS回归估计了沪锌市场的最优套保率。实证研究发现,沪锌期货价格与现货价格之间存在这长期稳定的均衡关系,期货价格变动是现货价格变动的格兰杰原因,当短期价格偏离长期均衡后,期货价格和现货价格会以0.647的速度向长期均衡调整;CARCH(1,1)模型可以较好的拟合沪锌期货价格序列的波动,沪锌价格存在明显的"波动性集聚"现象,条件方差所受的冲击是持久的;沪锌市场的最优套保率为0.695。     

沪锌价格分析及最优套保率估计——基于协整理论、ECM与GARCH模型的分析

价格发现和套期保值是期货市场的两大重要功能.本文首先利用协整分析、格兰杰因果检验并建立误差修正模型(ECM)实证研究了沪锌期货和现货价格之间的长期均衡关系以及对均衡偏离的短期调整:然后建立GARCH模型对沪锌价格的波动进行了分析;最后利用OLS回归估计了沪锌市场的最优套保率.实证研究发现,沪锌期货价格与现货价格之间存在这长期稳定的均衡关系,期货价格变动是现货价格变动的格兰杰原因,当短期价格偏离长期均衡后,期货价格和现货价格会以0.647的速度向长期均衡调整;CARCH(1,1)模型可以较好的拟合沪锌期货价格序列的波动,沪锌价格存在明显的"波动性集聚"现象,条件方差所受的冲击是持久的;沪锌市场的最优套保率为0.695.     

大宗商品交易市场价格变动对进口开证业务的影响及其风险分析

金融危机导致国际市场上大宗商品交易价格波动剧烈,对进口商来说,面临着货物价格剧烈波动的风险,对银行来说,原材料进口开证业务的风险识别极其重要,有效控制风险成为促进国际贸易的发展、实现银行和企业持续稳定地增长和发展的主要任务.本文以铅冶炼行业为例,使用概率论方法,分析大宗交易商品市场价格波动对不同类型的信用证分析其违约概率,建立违约概率模型,并提出相应的信用证市场风险控制措施.     

金融危机下国际大宗商品价格波动对我国货币政策的影响研究

文章利用大量经验数据,对国际大宗商品价格波动给我国货币政策造成的影响进行了实证分析。分析表明,国际大宗商品价格变化会对我国货币需求产生重要影响,特别是在我国大宗商品市场规模不断扩大和国际化程度不断提高的情况下,国际大宗商品价格波动通过影响我国大宗商品现货和期货市场,进而影响我国货币政策的机制已逐步形成。     

国际原油价格对我国新能源行业股票价格的波动溢出效应研究

在大气污染日益严峻的情况下,新能源行业受政府大力支持和投资者青睐。新能源与原油一定程度上互为替代品,理论上国际原油价格必然对我国新能源行业股票价格有显著的波动溢出效应,但有些学者却持反对态度,认为我国股票市场对外还没有完全开放,新能源行业发展又很不成熟,所以该溢出效应很难显著。文章运用VAR- Asymmetric- BEKK模型进行比较研究得出：在未去除我国整体股市行情因素时,国际原油价格波动对我国新能源行业股票价格波动溢出效应不显著;而在去除我国整体股行情因素时,国际原油价格波动对我国新能源行业股票价格波动溢出效应在1%显著性水平下显著。表明存在从国际原油价格向我国新能源行业股票价格的波动溢出效应,只是该溢出效应被我国股市总体行情掩盖了。     

Price volatility,international market links,and their implications for regulatory policies

Conclusions The October 1987 stock market crash spawned an abundance of research papers, as scholars attempted to explain what seemed at the time, and to some extent remains, an inexplicable event.Except for the period immediately around the crash, there is only meager evidence that international linkages across markets have become tighter over time. Yet the crash was worldwide in scope, and its similarity across countries was uncanny. Just on the face, this international similarity puts doubt to such explanations as particular macroeconomic events in one country, failure of a given country's market system, or simultaneous changes in underlying fundamentals (which were quite different across countries).Assigning the origination of the crash to one country cannot be entirely ruled out, however, because of the possibility of a non-fully revealing equilibrium contagion process of the type suggested by King and Wadhwani (1988). Such a process would allow a world-wide crash to begin by a particular news event or even by a market mistake in one country. Evidence in favor of this process is that international correlations of returns increased dramatically during the crash period. However, this increase is consistent with other explanations, such as transaction costs hindering international arbitrage except during periods of high volatility.Was the crash the bursting of a bubble? Some evidence seems to support this proposition: for example, in the majority of countries, the pre-crash period displayed significant serial dependence in stock returns, dependence that was definitely not present in the post-crash period. However, further work is necessary to ascertain whether this measured serial dependence is unusual relative to what one would have expected to find, even in a perfectly random process, by choosing a sample period that happened to culminate in a random peak. Ross (1987) shows that such ex post sample period selection will induce upward bias in estimates of serial dependence. Cross-country tests failed to detect this bias, but there are several ambiguities in the tests that will have to be resolved in future work.The crash is history. What implications, if any, does it have for regulatory policy? Is there evidence that popular regulations or rules would have mitigated the crash, or that they would decrease price volatility in general? There is very little evidence in favor of the efficacity of margin requirements, price limits, or transactions taxes. Despite a large number of empirical studies, no one has provided evidence that margin requirements have an impact on volatility. There has been at least one recent paper claiming the contrary, but a careful examination of its methods have uncovered enough problems to cast those results into doubt.As for price limits, there must be a very short-term impact on measured volatility, for the measured market price at a trading halt is likely to understate the direction of movement. Yet even for daily data, the cross-country evidence is slim that price limits reduce volatility, and there is no evidence at all that they work over periods as long as a week. In other words, trading halts caused by limits seem to have no effect on true volatility.Transaction taxes are inversely but insignificantly correlated with volatility across countries, and the effect is too questionable for taxes to be used with confidence as an effective policy instrument.     

Dynamic relations of uncertainty expectations: a conditional assessment of implied volatility indices

This study examines the spillover effects in international financial markets with respect to implied volatility indices. The use of the latter as the basis of integration analysis means that we test market participants’ expectations and not the actual price fluctuations. The empirical analysis, which includes all publicly available implied volatility indices, employs the dynamic conditional correlation model of Engle (2002) and its findings suggest that there is significant integration of investors’ expectations about future uncertainty. Furthermore, by accounting for the dynamic volatility of implied volatility inter-dependencies, we are able to reveal possible shifts in conditional correlations of market expectations over time. More specifically, our findings show a slight increase in the conditional correlations for all the volatility indices under review over the years and prove that in periods of turbulence in the financial markets the conditional correlations across implied volatility indices increase.     

国内外黄金价格的波动性与互动关系研究

在国内外黄金价格形成机制的基础上,应用多种计量方法实证研究国内外黄金价格的波动性及相互关系,得出:国内外黄金价格波动都存在集聚性和持续性的特征,而且国外市场金价波动的上述特征强于国内市场;国际黄金价格波动对国内黄金价格具有导向作用,两市场金价存在长期协整关系,但波动的演化过程相异。从而,近期我国黄金期货市场的发展不应急于开放,而应当先立足国内,做深做强国内黄金期货业务,逐步提高交易者借助市场消化金价波动带来的风险的能力。     

国际金融市场与国际原油期货市场溢出效应实证检验——基于VAR-BEKK模型的分析

文章通过构建VAR模型和BEKK模型对道琼斯股票市场、美元/欧元汇率市场与国际原油期货市场的动态关系进行了实证检验。结果表明：道琼斯股票市场与WTI原油期货市场存在双向的价格溢出效应,以及前者向后者的单向波动溢出效应;美元/欧元汇率市场存在向WTI原油期货市场单向的价格溢出效应和波动溢出效应。所以,国际原油期货市场与国际金融市场联系紧密,国际原油的金融属性日益体现,其价格变动更多受外部国际金融市场风险影响。     

石油价格与股票市场的溢出效应——基于中美数据的比较分析

本文以中美股票市场和国际原油市场的数据为样本,用VAR模型和二元GARCH模型研究了中美股市价格和国际石油价格的收益率及波动的溢出效应。研究结果表明,中国股市价格和国际石油价格之间,既不存在任何方向的收益率溢出效应,也不存在任何方向的波动溢出效应;而国际石油价格的变化率对于美国股市收益率确有负向先导作用,并且两者之间具有双向的波动溢出。     

中国黄金期货价格影响因素研究

采用线性回归、Breush-Godfrey LM相关性检验、VAR模型的方差分解和脉冲响应图、价格波动率的单位根检验和Granger格兰杰因果检验等方法对中国黄金期货价格的影响因素进行实证研究。结果表明:上海、香港、伦敦的黄金现货和纽约黄金期货价格以及美元指数是影响中国黄金期货价格的主要因素,而中国黄金期货价格的波动显著受到伦敦黄金现货价格波动和纽约黄金期货价格波动的影响。虽然目前中国黄金期货市场已具备一定的规避风险功能,且初具价格发现功能,但国际影响力有待继续提升。     

国际黄金价格波动特性与 “上海金”定价机制

本文通过对比伦敦和上海黄金市场交易价格的波动规律,得出伦敦市场黄金交易价格的波动比上海市场黄金交易价格波动性更为强烈的结论。通过数据分析,发现定价机制不够公开透明是造成伦敦市场价格波动性更为强烈的制度性因素,进而指出 “上海金”定价机制的先进性和市场应用相关建议。     

The financial market effects of international aviation disasters

The spread of misinformation with regards to aviation disasters continues to be a point of concern for aviation companies. Much of this information usually surrounds speculation based on the cause and responsibility attributed to the incident, implicitly possessing the potential to generate significant financial market price volatility. In this paper, we investigate a number of stylised facts relating to the effects of airline disasters on aviation stocks, while considering contagion effects, information flows and the sources of price discovery within the broad sector. Results indicate a substantially elevated levels of share price volatility in the aftermath of aviation disasters, while cumulative abnormal returns present sharp under-performance of the analysed companies relative to international exchanges. When considering an EGARCH analysis, we observe that share price volatility appears to be significantly influenced by the scale of the disaster in terms of the fatalities generated. Significant contagion effects upon the broad aviation index along with substantial changes in traditional price discovery channels are also identified. The role that the spread of information on social media, whether it be correct or of malicious origins, cannot be eliminated as an explanatory factor of these changing dynamics over time and region.     

International capital asset pricing: Evidence from options

We study the risk dynamics and pricing in international economies through a joint analysis of the time-series returns and option prices on three equity indexes underlying three economies: the S&P 500 Index of the United States, the FTSE 100 Index of the United Kingdom, and the Nikkei-225 Stock Average of Japan. We develop an international capital asset pricing model, under which the return on each equity index is decomposed into two orthogonal jump-diffusion components: a global component and a country-specific component. We apply separate stochastic time changes to the two components so that stochastic volatility can come from both global and country-specific risks. For each economy, we assign separate market prices for the two return risk components and the two volatility risk components. Under this specification, we obtain tractable option pricing solutions. Model estimation reveals several interesting insights. First, global and country-specific return and volatility risks show different dynamics. Global return movements contain a larger discontinuous component, and global return volatility is more persistent than the country-specific counterparts. Second, investors charge positive prices for global return risk and negative prices for volatility risk, suggesting that investors are willing to pay positive premiums to hedge against downside global return movements and upside volatility movements. Third, the three economies contain different risk profiles and also price risks differently. Japan contains the largest idiosyncratic risk component and smallest global risk component. Investors in the Japanese market also price more heavily against future volatility increases than against future market downfalls.