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1.
本文认为,人民币汇率不仅不存在所谓"严重低估",而且从购买力平价角度分析,还有高估之嫌,以人民币汇率严重低估为由逼迫人民币升值缺乏理论和现实依据.中国国际收支顺差和外汇储备快速增长并不是人民币汇率"严重低估"的结果,人民币升值非但不能解决国际收支顺差和外汇储备增长过快问题,反而会成为促使国际收支顺差和外汇储备进一步增长的重要推手.鉴于上述原因,破解前述人民币汇率与国际收支顺差和外汇储备之间恶性循环的对策,绝不能是人民币无休止地升值,而是保持人民币汇率的基本稳定.  相似文献   

2.
近年来,我国外汇储备量高速增长,总量跃居世界第一.但我国外汇储备的收益率低,机会成本大,汇率风险和政治风险都比较大.高额的外汇储备已对经济产生了一定的消极作用,因此,采取改革当前的结售汇制度、加快人民币国际化步伐、调整储备币种结构、增加黄全持有量和建立战略物资储备等管理措施,保持适度的外汇储备规模,可以提高外汇储备的收益,降低外汇储备的风险,进而有利于储备资产的安全,促进我国经济持续健康发展.  相似文献   

3.
完善人民币汇率形成机制 加强本外币政策协调   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近期,关于人民币汇率及外汇储备问题的讨论频见媒体,从而使人民币在亚洲金融危机后再次成为世界瞩目的焦点。理论界关于人民币汇率的观点主要可归结为人民币升值论、人民币稳定论和人民币自由浮动论三种,其中要求人民币升值的舆论有升温之势。对此,文章首先阐释了我国外汇储备持续增长的制度性原因和客观基础,随后围绕外汇储备的适度性问题,从四个方面剖析了当前我国外汇储备不断攀升所带来的影响,接着从人民币国际化的目标出发,提出建立境外人民币市场的若干设想,并指出当务之急应在保持人民币名义汇率稳定的前提下,从本外币政策的协调上寻求改善人民币汇率的市场生成机制。  相似文献   

4.
近些年来,我国国际收支顺差和外汇储备均大幅增长,多年的双顺差和外汇储备快速增长也给人民币升值带来巨大压力。最近美国在G20会议上即将大额贸易顺差看作汇率低估的一个重要标准。本文对我国国际收支顺差的各个项目进行逐一分析,并提出相关政策,降低顺差,有效促进国际收支平衡。  相似文献   

5.
近年来,我国外汇储备量高速增长,总量跃居世界第一。但我国外汇储备的收益率低,机会成本大,汇率风险和政治风险都比较大。高额的外汇储备已对经济产生了一定的消极作用,因此,采取改革当前的结售汇制度、加快人民币国际化步伐、调整储备币种结构、增加黄全持有量和建立战略物资储备等管理措施,保持适度的外汇储备规模,可以提高外汇储备的收益,降低外汇储备的风险,进而有利于储备资产的安全,促进我国经济持续健康发展。  相似文献   

6.
2005年7月1日,我国实行以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度。人民币汇率不再盯住单一美元,形成更富有弹性的人民币汇率机制。此次汇率改革是在外汇储备过高、人民币不断升值的经济形势下进行的,与以往汇率改革有很大差  相似文献   

7.
人民币汇率走势及其影响因素分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
杨琳 《新金融》2009,(11):23-26
考虑到我国经常项目开放,资本项目尚未开放,我国汇率改革以来推行的有管理的浮动汇率体制以及我国汇率改革取得的成功经验,短期看,人民币可能会继续围绕目前的汇率水平窄幅波动;中长期看,我国汇率将在宏观经济、国际收支、财政收支、通货膨胀率、利率、外汇储备和汇率制度改革等因素共同作用下,呈现"升幅可控、波幅较小"的缓步升值态势。  相似文献   

8.
中国外汇储备增长的结构性风险及对策   总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23  
黄泽民 《上海金融》2005,(4):4-7,47
由于国际直接投资、错误与遗漏项目是我国外汇储备增加的主要来源,其不稳定性所隐含的金融风险是显而易见的。此外,由于大量的外汇占款导致央行的货币政策的实施和效果陷入被动和弱效的困难境地。因此,谨慎地推进外汇管理制度和人民币汇率制度的改革.才有可能化解我国外汇储备增长隐含的金融风险。  相似文献   

9.
汇率变动、经济转型与国际收支平衡   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
中国汇率制度改革以来,人民币汇率水平稳步上升,但国际收支顺差不仅没有减少,反而呈现持续增长的态势。由于受政策导向和增长方式的影响,特别是出口企业产品的"超低"成本优势,更使汇率升值的效果被淡化于"无形"。在推进经济转型过程中,应采取推进外贸增长方式由粗放型向集约型的转变,推进资源要素价格从管制型向市场型转变;还可以通过提高劳动力工资成本,改变对外贸易的国际竞争力和产业结构,进而改变经常项目收支状况。  相似文献   

10.
本文从加工贸易与外商直接投资互动效应,产品内分工时代条件与我国经济开放成长模式关系角度分析我国外汇储备过万亿美元的结构成因和深层根源;人民币实际汇率演变过程;我国外汇储备增加对人民币实际汇率的影响。  相似文献   

11.
I.F. Clarke 《Futures》1985,17(2):170-184
With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.  相似文献   

12.
银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…  相似文献   

13.
融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.  相似文献   

14.
Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.  相似文献   

15.
Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.  相似文献   

16.
国家新出台的助学贷款政策,还不过是既有的框架下的局部调整,存在诸多不完善的地方。为此,对国家助学贷款应构建高校与就业单位的“双担保”机制。从长期来看,要构建一个系统有效的“政府部门管理和商业银行运作相结合”、“多层次、多渠道、多方式”、“担保和非担保、贴息和非贴息、市场和非市场运作互相补充”的中国教育金融框架。  相似文献   

17.
在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.  相似文献   

18.
目前江苏省内人民银行各县(市)支行与其市中心支行的网络互联是通过专线经中国电信的x.25分组交换网实现的,没有其它备份线路,一旦线路或路由器出现故障,电子联行、银行信贷登记咨询、货币发行管理等业务系统就不能与中心支行的业务系统实现正常通信,这不仅会影响本行业务工作的正常进行,甚至可能会影响上级行业务系统的正常运行.针对这一问题我们首先想到的解决方法是,购买一个路由器作为备份路由器,再租用一条其它方式的远程连接线路作为备份线路,这样的备份设备费用至少15万~2万元.如果采用Windows 2000 Server(或者Windows NT Server 4.0),使用其免费提供的请求拨号路由服务,就能实现临时应急备份路由.下面对Windows2000的请求拨号路由及其安装配置做一详细说明.  相似文献   

19.
一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.  相似文献   

20.
The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.  相似文献   

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