我国外商直接投资税收敏感性分析

采用现状分析、理论论证和实证分析等经济分析方法,对税收政策对外商投资的影响作用进行分析,可得出以下结论:税收优惠对吸引外商直接投资有促进作用,但其影响作用并不显著。我国应正确对待税收优惠的作用地位,并全面考虑影响优惠政策的因素,采用更为有效的税收优惠工具,有的放矢地运用税收优惠政策。     

新企业所得税制对我国引进外资的影响及效应研究

本文通过对外商投资规模、产业结构、区域结构等方面的数据分析,研究2008年实施的新企业所得税制,相对减少外商投资企业税收优惠背景下,新企业所得税制实施对引进外资的影响及其效应。其结论是新企业所得税法实施后,虽然外商投资于中国境内的企业数量、绝对规模并未减少,且有一定增长趋势,但引资规模的增长幅度下降;投资于第一产业的企业数量和金额在三大产业中所占比重一直极低,投资于第二产业比例逐渐降低,投资于第三产业比例相对提高,对引导外商进入高新技术行业和基础设施建设激励不够明显。进而提出适度延长中西部地区企业所得税税收优惠期并加大优惠力度,对高新技术企业等实施一定期限的所得税免税优惠,适度延长基础设施建设的减免税期限或改变优惠方式等完善企业所得税制度的建议。     

促进外国直接投资的税收优惠分析

从外国直接投资的总水平看,税收优惠的效果不明显,但从具体投资决策看,税收优惠还是有影响的,尤其对在同一地区不同国家间的投资决策影响更大。各国在利用税收优惠吸引外资时,不是一味地以增加外资总水平为目标,而是利用税收优惠吸引特定类型的投资。我国的税收优惠应从增加外资总量向提高外资质量过渡;从对外资给予税收优惠向对内外资都给予税收优惠过渡;从直接税收优惠为主向多种形式的间接税收优惠过渡;从过于注重税收优惠向改进整体投资环境过渡。     

关于外国投资者再投资退税若干问题的探讨

再投资退税属于鼓励外国资本投资的一项税收优惠,<中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法>(以下简称<外税法>)第十条对退税条件的限定是:外国投资者从外商投资企业取得的利润,并直接再投资于该企业增加注册资本,或者直接作为资本投资开办其他外商投资企业.     

对涉外税收政策优惠的思考

按照我国涉外税收法律法规的规定,外商投资企业可按投资地域或项目的不同享受不同的优惠,如在经济特区和经济开发区等特定地区的外商投资企业所得税率为5%;经营期在10年以上的生产性外商投资企业,从开始获利年度起,给予两年免税、三年减半征收的优惠,等等。但是随着我国改革开放的不断深入,经济形势发生了巨大的变化,过去制定的某些涉外税收优惠政策的弊端也逐渐暴露出来,主要表现在以下几个方面:1.不利于企业展开公平竞争。目前的涉外税收优惠政策使"三资"企业在我国实际享受着税收上的"超国民待     

外商投资企业在我国转移定价逆向避税的动因

我国外商投资企业普遍利用转移定价将企业利润转移出我国低税管辖区而进入本国高税管辖区,形成了我国独有的逆向避税现象.其动因在于发达国家对利润输送回国采取鼓励政策,转让定价避税需要综合考虑所得税、关税、甚至预提税,母公司所在国采取税收优惠措施,外商投资者追逐利润、追求竞争优势以及降低投资风险等目标的影响.     

案例分析:国产设备采购税收优惠

为吸引外资和鼓励外国企业及外商投资企业采用国产设备,中国政府出台了一系列国产设备采购的税收优惠,并在国办发[1999]73号文件中订明相关政策,又相继颁发若干通知,作为补充实施措施。总括而言,自1999年7月起,凡符合规定条件的外国企业和外商投资企业均可享受税收优惠待遇,这些条件是:(1)外商投资企业必须在其投资总额内采购国产设备;(2)外商投资企业必须是1997年《外商投资产业指导目录》(鼓励类和限制乙类)的外商投资企业;(3)相关设备未列入国发[1999]37号文件中的“外商投资项目不予免税的进口商品目录”。就主要税收优惠而言,符合条件…     

IPO外商投资企业的企业所得税优惠政策分析简

根据《首次公开发行股票并在创业板上市管理暂行方法》（中国证券监督委员会令第61号）第十五条规定：发行人依法纳税、享受的各项税收优惠符合相关法律、法规的规定。发行人的经营成果对税收优惠不存在严重依赖。由此可以判断税收优惠的规范性对于IPO企业相当重要,本文重点分析IPO外商投资企业所得税的优惠政策以及不能享受税收优惠补缴企业所得税相关的情况,从而得出以下结论：外资资金出资不到位,不予享受有关外商投资企业的所得税税收优惠待遇;外资企业转内资企业时根据不同情况需补税或不补缴;外资企业在经营不满十年时即转为内资企业时企业会补缴以前年度减免的企业所得税应计入当期损益。     

外商投资企业定期减免相关税收优惠政策解析

根据<中华人民共和国外商投资企业和外国企业所得税法>(以下简称<外税法>)第八条规定,生产性外商投资企业,经营期在十年以上的,从开始获利年度起,可享受企业所得税两免三减半的税收优惠;同时,对非生产性的重要项目给予一定的免征、减征待遇,对能源、交通、港口、码头以及其他重要生产性项目则给予更长期限的免征、减征企业所得税的税收优惠.     

莫当跨国公司避税的天堂

经过历时一年调查．《南方周末》在京公布“世界500强在华投资企业排行榜”，其负责人曹辛一再强调：“我们只是如实调查世界500强在华投资状况．并不是‘光荣榜’。好就好．不好就不好．”据介绍．一些外商投资企业钻中国税收减免政策之空。一旦过了税收减免期，就关闭企业．到别的地方去投资．重新享受优惠。逃避税收。（《东方早报》11月23日）     

"两税"并轨对我国引进外国直接投资的影响

由于目前我国来自香港、台湾地区的直接投资以及一些国际避税地的外国直接投资占绝大多数,已将近总额的60%,因此,提高外资企业所得税率很可能会导致大量外资流向周边低税国家,从而对我国引进外资的总量产生较大影响。所以我们对税收优惠的调整在时间上和优惠方式的取舍上,都应有一个平稳的过渡,使我国对外开放和引进外资的政策保持延续性。     

Taking the Long Way Home: U.S. Tax Evasion and Offshore Investments in U.S. Equity and Debt Markets

We empirically investigate one form of illegal investor‐level tax evasion and its effect on foreign portfolio investment. In particular, we examine a form of round‐tripping tax evasion in which U.S. individuals hide funds in entities located in offshore tax havens and then invest those funds in U.S. securities markets. Employing Becker's ( 1968 ) economic theory of crime, we identify the tax evasion component by examining how foreign portfolio investment varies with changes in the incentives to evade and the risks of detection. To our knowledge, this is the first empirical evidence of investor‐level tax evasion affecting cross‐border equity and debt investment.     

Anti profit-shifting rules and foreign direct investment

This paper explores the effects of unilateral tax provisions aimed at restricting multinationals’ tax planning on foreign direct investment (FDI). Using a unique dataset which allows us to observe the worldwide activities of a large panel of multinational firms, we test how limitations of interest tax deductibility, so-called thin-capitalization rules, and regulations of transfer pricing by the host country affect investment and employment of foreign subsidiaries. The results indicate that introducing a typical thin-capitalization rule or making it more tight exerts significant adverse effects on FDI and employment in high-tax countries. Moreover, in countries that impose thin-capitalization rules, the tax-rate sensitivity of FDI is increased. Regulations of transfer pricing, however, are not found to exert significant effects on FDI or employment.     

不同市场结构下隐性税收的归宿分析

税收优惠政策经常用来鼓励某些产业的发展,但是,税收优惠会导致隐性税收的产生,而隐性税收对企业投资活动的影响程度与显性税收是同等重要的。所以了解隐性税收的概念、产生原因、计算方法以及最终归宿是非常必要的,这对政府的新一轮税制改革具有重要的意义。     

Determinants of Regional Investment Decisions in China: An Econometric Model of Tax Incentive Policy

This paper examines whether concessionary tax rates and tax incentives can attract foreign direct investment (FDI) into certain designated areas in China. Since China opened its doors to foreign investors in 1979, tax benefits have been used extensively to attract FDI into different areas. In 1991, a new tax law was introduced which superseded two previous income tax laws. This new law provides additional tax benefits which improve the investment environment for foreign investors. This study investigates the effect of China's tax rates and tax incentive policy on FDI and on the locational choices of foreign firms. Our empirical results indicate that tax rates and incentives are important determinants of regional investment decisions in China, after controlling for potential confounding variables covering infrastructure, unemployment rate, wage rate and agglomeration economics. Specifically, areas offering lower tax rates and increased tax incentives are found to attract greater amounts of FDI. The impetus of the tax effect on FDI is more apparent in the post-1991 period due to changes in the tax laws. Our results also suggest that infrastructure variables are important determinants of regional investment decisions.     

Exports,foreign direct investment,and the costs of corporate taxation

This paper develops a model of a monopolistically competitive industry with extensive and intensive investment and shows how these margins respond to changes in average and marginal corporate tax rates. Intensive investment refers to the size of a firm’s capital stock. Extensive investment refers to the firm’s production location and reflects the trade-off between exports and foreign direct investment as alternative modes of foreign market access. The paper derives comparative static effects of the corporate tax and shows how the cost of public funds depends on the measures of effective marginal and average tax rates and on the elasticities of extensive and intensive investment. The paper was presented in 2006 at the German public finance meeting in Giessen; the Institute for Advanced Studies in Vienna; the ESF/CEPR Workshop on Outsourcing, Migration and the European Economy in Rome; the University of St. Gallen; the Graduate Institute for International Studies in Geneva, and in 2007 at the International Monetary Fund in Washington, DC, the CESifo Area Conference in Public Sector Economics in Munich and the 63rd IIPF Congress in Warwick. I appreciate stimulating comments by Michael Devereux and seminar participants and, in particular, by the discussants Andreas Haufler and Nadine Riedl, an anonymous referee and the editor Richard Cornes.     

Corporate responses to the repatriation incentives and domestic production activities deduction

The 2004 American Jobs Creation Act (AJCA or the Act) sought to encourage U.S. companies to repatriate foreign earnings and invest them domestically in an effort to increase capital spending and employment. This investigation looks at how the two tax provisions in AJCA, i.e., the repatriation tax holiday and the domestic production activities deduction (DPAD), affected domestic investment and payout behaviors. An examination of repatriating firms based on the tightness of their capital constraints shows that the tax incentives fail to induce non-constrained, repatriating firms that benefit from DPAD to reinvest the capital domestically. Only capital-constrained, repatriating firms benefitting from DPAD increase domestic investment and reduce share repurchases; however, these firms also increase their cash dividend payments. The findings should be useful to policymakers as they consider modifying the corporate tax structure to increase domestic investment by encouraging U.S. firms to repatriate foreign earnings and reinvest them domestically.     

浅议我国外资税收优惠法律制度的完善

外资税收优惠法律制度在一个国家的税收法律体系中占有重要的地位,它是吸引外资、促进经济发展的重要措施。目前,我国的外资税收优惠法律制度存在许多缺陷。应全方位、多层次地完善现行的外资税收优惠法律制度,使之在吸引外资、更好地为我国市场经济发展服务方面发挥更积极的促进作用。     

Taxing multinationals in a world with portfolio flows and R&D: Is capital export neutrality obsolete?

This paper examines recent claims that capital export neutrality no longer serves as an effective principle for the taxation of income from foreign direct investment, due to the large and growing role played by portfolio capital in financing investment and to the recognition that R&D is an important determinant of international trade and investment. In our evaluation of these claims, we find capital export neutrality appears robust. Because both domestic and foreign activities may be financed with portfolio capital, and they both produce goods that compete in the world economy, there is no compelling reason to grant a lower tax to foreign income alone. Regarding the promotion of R&D or the entry of new competitors, cutting the tax on foreign income may be no more effective than cutting the tax on domestic income. A second focus of the paper is to calculate what the residual U.S. tax rate on active foreign income actually is. Based on 1990 data this rate is negative if foreign income is defined appropriately.