会计估计变更的动因分析——来自中国A股上市公司的证据

本文以2001—2004年沪深股市出现“会计估计变更”的A股上市公司为样本,在控制相关变量的影响后,研究发现:发生会计估计变更公司与未发生会计估计变更公司的特征存在系统性差异;公司“会计估计变更”受债务水平、公司业绩及事务所变更的影响。     

会计政策、会计估计变更和差错更正准则的国际比较

《企业会计准则》第28号为“会计政策、会计估计变更和差错更正”(以下简称“新准则28号”)。本文拟对其与《国际会计准则第8号——当期净损益、重大差错和会计政策变更》(以下简称“IAS8”)的结构与内容进行比较,以了解在国际趋同的大潮流下我国最新的会计准则与国际准则在会计政策、会计估计变更和差错更正方面的趋同程度以及差异。     

会计估计变更伴随着更激进的盈余效应吗?

本文较为系统地考察了我国资本市场两类主要的会计估计变更伴随的盈余效应。基于2003-2011年间A股上市公司公告的应收账款坏账计提比率变更和固定资产折旧率变更数据,我们发现:第一,如果公司的会计估计水平(即坏账计提比率或折旧率)背离行业正常水平的幅度越大,公司越可能在下一期作出与行业水平趋同(而非背离)的估计变更;第二,与相对稳健的会计估计相比,相对激进的会计估计表现出显著更强的行业趋同效应。上述证据意味着,公司管理层进行会计估计的自主空间受到会计信息可验证性和企业经济基础的制约,从而在总体上趋于稳健而非更加激进。     

上市公司会计估计变更行为影响研究

<正>一、会计估计相关概述(一)会计估计相关概念会计估计变更是指由于资产和负债的当前状况及预期经济利益和义务发生了变化,从而对资产或负债的账面价值或者资产的定期消耗金额进行调整。二、上市公司会计估计变更行为存在的问题(一)会计估计变更内容和原因不够明确一些企业会计估计变更公告中对会计估计变更的内容和原因解释的十分模糊。例如,三一重工2012年度财务报告,从该企业会计估计公告中可以看到其变更作出的解释原因是"为了更客观公正地反     

会计估计与独立审计质量——来自中国A股上市公司的证据

本文以2001—2004年间上市公司会计估计变更过程中暴露出的失当会计估计为研究对象,检验注册会计师的独立审计质量。在控制了重大未决诉讼、债务水平、重大会计差错调整等因素后,研究发现：1．在会计估计变更前一年,注册会计师对公司的失当会计估计已有觉察并在审计意见中反映。会计估计涉及的项目个数、线上会计估计变更金额占全部会计估计变更金额的比例、客户规模以及会计师事务所规模等因素对非标意见的出具具有显著的解释力。2．在会计估计变更当年,注册会计师非标意见的出具与会计估计变更涉及的项目个数、线上会计估寸变更金额占全部会计估计变更金额的比例以及客户规模显著相关。3．注册会计师的审计质量明显受到客户规模的影响。上市公司的规模与注册会计师的审计质量负相关。     

刍议会计估计

会计政策、会计估计的变更已经成为许多上市公司利润调控的主要工具,被市场人士戏称为"会计魔术",并引起了市场的密切关注.比如PT郑百文就是通过会计估计方面的灵活运用,为其2001年度实现赢利并进而重组成功立下了汗马功劳.众多案例表明,一定范围内,会计政策和会计估计的变更,已经成为上市公司调控业绩"翻手为赢、覆手为亏"的重要手段.本文就会计估计的内涵、内容、特点、遵循的原则、客观影响、会计估计变更国际间的比较及应注意的问题进行探讨.     

浅析会计政策变更和会计估计变更问题

会计政策及其变更、会计估计及其变更之间既有区别,又有联系,我们在实务工作中,要正确运用该准则,就要分清它们之间的区别,同时注意它们之间的联系,及时更新知识,防止滥用会计政策、会计估计及其变更,促进日常会计工作的发展。本文在阐述了会计政策变更与会计估计变更基本问题之后,辨析了两者的差异,分析了会计政策、会计估计变更的市场效应,并提出了切实可行的防范措施。     

会计政策变更、会计估计变更和会计差错更正的比较分析

会计政策变更、会计估计变更和会计差错更正是会计核算中非常重要而又特别容易混淆的几个问题,它们既有很多相似之处,但又是本质不同的行为。本文就此进行详细分析。     

会计政策变更和会计估计变更对上市公司的影响

《企业会计准则》对会计政策变更和会计估计变更的范围做了原则上的划分,符合准则要求的变更在上市公司是允许的。但某些上市公司出于盈余管理的需要,可能利用会计政策变更或会计估计变更操纵利润,违反了国家的相关政策,误导了投资者。鉴于此,应从完善制度、外部监管和公司治理等多角度减少滥用会计政策变更和会计估计变更的现象。     

《政府会计准则第7号——会计调整》具体应用探析

2018年10月颁布的《政府会计准则第7号——会计调整》对政府会计主体因会计政策变更、会计估计变更、会计差错更正和报告日后事项等而进行的会计调整行为作了原则上的规范,为了探究这项准则在工作中的具体应用,本文以事业单位的经济业务为例,对会计政策变更和会计差错更正的具体会计调整过程进行归纳分析,希望给实务工作提供一些借鉴.     

Short-sale refinancing and price adjustment speed to bad news: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

Short selling may accelerate stock price adjustment to negative news. However, the literature provides mixed evidence for this prediction. Using short-sale refinancing and a staggered difference-in-differences (DID) model, this paper explores the effect of short selling on stock price adjustment. Our results show that (1) short-sale refinancing improves the speed of stock price adjustment to negative news. This result holds after we control for endogeneity. (2) The positive relationship between short-sale refinancing and stock price adjustment speed is significant in subsamples of stocks with higher earnings management or lower accuracy of analyst forecasts, indicating that firms with more opaque information are more likely to be targeted by short sellers. In subsamples of stocks with a higher ownership concentration or lower ownership by institutional investors, short selling is more likely to increase the speed of stock price adjustment, indicating that ownership structure may influence negative news mining. (3) As short-sale refinancing exacerbates the absorption of bad news by stock prices, it increases crash risk. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of short selling and provides empirical evidence supporting regulations on short selling in China.     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

正The China Journal of Accounting Research"CJAR"(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditing and corporate governance issues that relate to the greater China region.We welcome the submission of both theoretical and empirical research papers pertinent to researchers,regulators and practitioners.Authors should note:     

The China puzzle: Opportunities for accounting research

How can China achieve phenomenal economic growth despite what is considered as 'weak' institutions in market-based economies? Xu(2011) provides a framework to u...     

Aims and Scope

<正>The focus of the China Journal of Accounting Research is to publish theoretical and empirical research papers that use contemporary research methodologies to...     

Income smoothing and the cost of debt

The literature on income smoothing focuses on the effect of earnings smoothing on the equity market.This paper investigates the effect of income smoothing on th...     

The case for management history

This article defines the case for treating management history as a discrete subject area, although one closely related to business, accounting, labour, and industrial history. It seeks to concentrate on the nature, process, and practice of management as an activity within the organization, and to argue that it is important that modern British managers understand the intellectual and cultural roots of their profession, since without these they will tend to be swayed by short-term management 'fads'. Within the broad topic there are several identifiable sub-areas for potential exploration, including the comparative historical development of management between different countries, management institutions, managerial careers and labour markets, management structures, management skills, and management thought and theory.     

The life and career of John Spence Ogilvy (1805-71), the first chartered accountant to emigrate to Australia

So far as the available evidence allows, this paper examines the life and career of John Spence Ogilvy, foundation member of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854, who emigrated to Melbourne in 1856, but did not play a part in the development of an organized accounting profession in Australia. The paper also attempts to explain the gap of thirty-two years between the formation of the first accounting bodies in Edinburgh and Melbourne.     

Female CFOs and loan contracting: Financial conservatism or gender discrimination? – An empirical test based on collateral clauses

Based on signaling and gender discrimination theory, we examine whether chief financial officer(CFO) gender matters to bank–firm relationships and the designing...     

Guidelines for Manuscripts Submitted to The China Journal of Accounting Research

<正>The China Journal of Accounting Research‘‘CJAR’’(ISSN 1755-3091)publishes quarterly.It contains peer-reviewed articles and commentaries on accounting,auditin...     

The Impact of IFRS Adoption on an Agribusiness Company's Financial Statements

This fictional case is based on a Canadian public company that produces greenhouse vegetables. Focusing on the differences between International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and Canadian Accounting Standards for Private Enterprises (ASPE), this case provides students an opportunity to (1) apply IFRS in a real world setting; (2) prepare and reconcile financial statements under ASPE and IFRS; (3) analyze the impact of IFRS adoption on key financial ratios; and (4) detect and explain differences in financial statements under ASPE and IFRS through common size analysis.