国际金融危机背景下的欧盟金融监管改革及启示

国际金融危机对欧盟的金融体系和实体经济造成了巨大的冲击。欧盟国家采取了一系列金融监管改革措施以应对金融危机所产生的负面影响,在原有的监管框架基础上加强了宏观审慎监管与微观审慎监管的力度,修订了各项金融监管法规,并进一步推动了欧盟金融监管一体化的进程。我国应借鉴其经验,加强监管合作,凸显央行在宏观审慎监管中的核心作用。     

欧盟金融监管改革中的Lamfalussy程序

Lamfalussy程序建立了欧盟金融监管体系，使欧洲的金融监管协调进入了一个新的阶段，其四层立法的框架，对应于欧盟这样一个超国家的经济共同体的性质而言是比较恰当，也为欧洲金融一体化的发展创造了更有效的监管模式。但是，在金融危机中，由于金融部门内和跨部门的系统性风险的相互作用，暴露了其在监管协调方面存在的缺陷。欧盟在应对金融危机的金融监管改革过程中，对于该程序在实施过程中存在的问题进行了调整和完善，但是由于欧盟所独具的非联邦的超国家性，也使对该程序的完善过程尚存在很多未知的因素。     

欧盟各成员国金融监管一体化趋势分析

近年来,欧盟各成员国逐步由分业监管向统一监管转变,同时金融监管机构和中央银行之间的合作日趋紧密。本文认为,这种监管体制转变的内部原因是受欧盟共同规制和监管政策的影响;外部原因是金融产业界限已日趋模糊,全能银行模式深受欢迎,金融监管一体化逐渐成为全球趋势。     

欧盟各成员国金融监管一体化趋势分析

近年来,欧盟各成员国逐步由分业监管向统一监管转变,同时金融监管机构和中央银行之间的合作日趋紧密。本文认为,这种监管体制转变的内部原因是受欧盟共同规制和监管政策的影响;外部原因是金融产业界限已日趋模糊,全能银行模式深受欢迎,金融监管一体化逐渐成为全球趋势。     

浅议国际金融危机后的欧盟金融监管体制改革

2008年金融危机爆发后,美欧各国加强了对系统性金融风险的监管和防范.欧盟推动了新一轮的欧盟金融监管改革,旨在打破各成员国在金融监管领域相互割据的局面,实现了欧盟层面上的统一监管.其核心内容是建立欧洲系统性风险管理委员会(ESRC)和欧洲金融监管者体系(ESFS),从宏观和微观两个层面加强监管.本文在分析欧盟金融监管体...     

欧盟银行监管改革及其对中东欧国家的影响

2008年世界金融危机爆发之后,欧盟对其金融监管机制进行了全面改革,其中以(跨国)银行监管机制的改革为重点。欧盟对银行监管机制的改革,将促使欧盟银行业一体化,对中东欧监管制度升级、融入欧盟也有一定促进作用。但改革也很可能对中东欧国家形成新的巨大挑战,在一段时期内,中东欧银行业乃至整个经济的走向不容乐观。     

新一轮欧盟金融监管体制改革的实践与启示

2008年金融危机爆发后,美欧各国加强了对系统性金融风险的监管和防范,欧盟推动了新一轮的欧盟金融监管改革,旨在打破各成员国在金融监管领域相互割据的局面,实现欧盟层面上的统一监管。其核心内容是建立欧洲系统性风险管理委员会(ESRC)和欧洲金融监管者体系(ESFS),从宏观和微观两个层面加强监管。本文分析了欧盟金融监管体制改革的主要动因、演进过程和主要框架,并探讨了新欧盟金融监管体制的主要特点和对深化我国金融管理体制改革的启示作用。     

新一轮欧盟金融监管体制改革的实践与启示

2008年金融危机爆发后,美欧各国加强了对系统性金融风险的监管和防范,欧盟推动了新一轮的欧盟金融监管改革,旨在打破各成员国在金融监管领域相互割据的局面,实现欧盟层面上的统一监管。其核心内容是建立欧洲系统性风险委员会（ESRC）和欧洲金融监管者体系（ESFS）,从宏观和微观两个层面加强监管。本文分析了欧盟金融监管体制改革的主要动因、演进过程和主要框架,并探讨了新欧盟金融监管体制的主要特点和对深化我国金融管理体制改革的启示作用。     

欧盟金融监管合作与金融稳定:一个文献综述

欧盟金融一体化发展与各国分散监管的非对称性制度安排以及由此引发的对欧盟乃至全球金融稳定的影响,成为当前理论界和政策制定者所关注的热点问题.欧盟金融监管合作与金融稳定问题的研究是通过以下四个路径联系在一起的:金融监管合作与金融稳定理论研究、最优监管制度设计与合作动机、统一监管中的委托代理问题和多国框架下的危机救助体系安排.通过对文献的梳理发现国内对欧盟金融监管合作与金融稳定间的关系以及欧盟危机救助机制安排等深层次问题的研究尚待深入,这将是这一研究领域未来关注的重点.     

欧盟《另类投资基金经理指令》评介

2011年7月21日,欧盟《另类投资基金经理指令》正式生效,这意味着欧盟对另类投资基金有了统一的监管制度和标准。尽管该指令还未经受实践的检验,也必然存在不完善之处,但它积极意义是主要的,将对欧盟金融监管一体化产生积极作用,也将对国际上加强影子银行的监管提供参考范例及启示。     

欧洲主权债务危机的根源与出路

欧洲主权债务危机是主权问题与银行问题相互作用的结果,其根源在于欧洲银行体系和政治结构的特殊性。要化解主权债务危机需要实现财政政策的一体化和银行监管的一体化,同时进一步推动欧盟和欧元区改革。     

美欧场外衍生品交易监管的制度改革

危机后美欧均将加强场外衍生品交易监管作为金融监管改革的一个重要领域，2014年以来纷纷加快了改革进度。在此背景下，本文对美欧场外衍生品交易监管改革的政策内容进行专题研究，分析了其在加强集中清算、严格风险防控措施、强制信息列报等方面的主要监管要求，并探讨了其对于国内金融机构衍生品业务发展的启示。     

Convergence in banking efficiency across European countries

Our paper aims to check whether financial integration has taken place on the EU banking markets, by investigating the convergence in banking efficiency for European countries between 1994 and 2005. We provide evidence of cross-country differences in cost efficiency and of an improvement in cost efficiency for all EU countries. β and σ convergence tests for panel data show a process in convergence in cost efficiency between EU countries. Robustness checks with alternative specifications confirm these findings. These results support the view that financial integration has taken place on the EU banking markets in the recent years.     

Determinants of Bank Distress in Europe: Evidence from a New Data Set

Using a unique data set on bank distress, this paper provides novel empirical evidence on the determinants of bank soundness in the European Union (EU) as a whole. The estimation results are consistent with the hypothesis that bank risks have converged across EU members, providing empirical support for introduction of a more centralized system of financial regulation in the EU. We show that asset quality and earning profile of banks are important determinants of bank distress next to leverage, suggesting that these should be central in EU-wide financial regulation and supervision. We find that market discipline, both by depositors and by stock market participants, plays a role in the EU, supporting the notion that transparency and dissemination of financial information would contribute to the financial soundness of banks. Our data also point to the presence of contagion effects, relatively higher fragility of concentrated banking sectors, and hazards associated with high ratios of wholesale funding.     

全球化视野下金融集团监管的合作与协调

金融集团是二十世纪80年代以来发展起来的一种创新组织形式,在经济全球化背景下面临由复杂组织结构及集团内部交易等问题引起的特定风险."金融集团联合论坛"自成立起来,先后发布多项旨在监督金融集团稳健运营的文件,以切实加强对多元化金融集团的监管.欧盟理事会发布的"监管指令"消弭了欧盟对金融集团监管的重复、脱节现象,使欧盟监管由行业监管向跨行业监管、由机构性监管向功能性监管的方向过渡.     

Institutional structures of financial sector supervision,their drivers and historical benchmarks

This paper studies institutional structures of prudential and business conduct supervision of financial services in 98 high and middle income countries over the past decade. It identifies possible drivers of changes in these supervisory structures using the panel ordered probit analysis. The results show that (i) more developed, small open economies with better public governance tend to integrate their supervision, especially the prudential one; (ii) more financially developed countries integrate more their supervision; however, greater development of the non-bank financial system leads to less integrated prudential supervision but not business conduct supervision; (iii) the lobbying power of concentrated and highly profitable banking sectors significant hinders business conduct integration; (vi) countries that experienced financial crises integrate their supervisory structure relatively more and (v) greater central bank independence could cause less integration of prudential supervision, but not necessarily of business conduct supervision.     

美国金融监管模式的改革趋势对我国的借鉴

美国于1999年11月通过的<金融服务现代化法>第一次以立法的形式正式废除了长达60年之久的分业经营模式,同时确立了与美国混业经营特点相适应的伞型监管模式,支持了美国金融业的繁荣.但是随着金融创新的不断涌现和风险的快逮传递,该监管模式制也越来越多地暴露出一些问题,对此各界提出了各式各样的改革建议.2008年3月29日美国财政部终于公布了包括短期和中期的改革建议.顺应全球协调、统一监管标准已成为美国金融监管模式的改革趋势,这对于我国无疑有着很大的借鉴意义.     

金融审计预警体系构建研究

本文从全球金融危机对金融监管带来的思考入手,探索金融审计如何在免疫系统审计本质观的指导下,发挥独立性、综合性和再监管性特征,成为整合金融监管资源的中坚力量。金融审计预警体系的构建,既是这一使命的具体体现,更是金融体系免疫系统的最好诠释,具有重大的现实意义。结合审计实践,我们尝试辨析预警系统、金融风险预警体系和金融审计预警体系等概念的区别和联系,确立金融审计预警体系的构建思路和原则,在此基础上对构建步骤和框架提出了初步设想,并就构建过程中需要关注的一些问题提出建议,以期达到抛砖引玉之功。     

A Study on Designing a Financial Supervisory Institution in Taiwan

This paper investigates world trends in financial supervision, including the separation of treasury and finance and the shift from departmental regulation to functional regulation. Based on the trend toward integration in financial supervision and examination, this paper proposes the adoption of a functional approach to financial supervision and the problems that may occur when we restructure the financial supervisory framework in Taiwan. This paper also discusses various financial supervisory institution models and weighs their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it advances other issues concerned with the restructuring of the financial supervisory system, including the repositioning of the Central Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC), and adjustments in the powers conferred upon the Central Bank to conduct examinations.     

Will the crisis “tear us apart”? Evidence from the EU

We examine the synchronisation of the European Union (EU) financial markets before and during the 2007 global financial crisis. We use an Asymmetric Dynamic Conditional Correlation (ADCC)-GARCH framework to control for the time-varying correlations and a Markov-Switching model to identify regime changes. Our sample considers 27 EU nations for the period 2000–2011. For each nation we formulate several characteristics of the crisis such as, synchronicity, duration and intensity measures. We find that the more recent EU members had a lagged entry to the crisis regime, were less adversely affected, show higher correlation between their stock markets and have their credit scores being revised more frequently relative to established EU members. We also find that higher levels of sovereign debt and lower levels of industrialisation positively impact crisis duration and intensity. Our results refute the notion of uniform integration of EU financial markets as evident from the highly non-synchronised observed crisis experience among the EU members. As such, one-size fits all policies are likely to be ineffective.